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对冬虫夏草菌丝体摇瓶培养中影响溶氧的主要因素进行分析。通过测定不同摇床转速、装液量、封口方式下摇瓶培养后的菌丝得率,并对其进行单因素分析,选择单因素较优水平,然后进行3因素正交试验。结果表明,最适宜溶氧条件为摇床转速140r/min、装液量50%、封口采用无菌培养容器封口膜;各因素影响培养的显著性依次为摇床转速、装液量、封口方式;不同摇床转速下对有效成分含量测定显示,摇床转速对虫草多糖及虫草酸含量影响不显著。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2015,(8)
本试验用扁瓶固体培养法、摇床液体培养法和10L发酵罐培养法制备禽多杀性巴氏杆菌种子液,采用细菌比浊法和活菌计数法,计算高密度发酵菌液浓度,比较3种方法制备的种子液对禽多杀性巴氏杆菌抗原生产的影响。经过3批次试验,扁瓶固体培养法制备的种子液经高密度发酵培养后测得的活菌数为1.56×1010~1.65×1010 CFU/mL,比浊计数为2.10×1010~2.59×1010 CFU/mL;而摇床液体培养法制备的种子液经高密度发酵培养后测得的活菌数为1.54×1010~1.74×1010 CFU/mL,比浊计数为2.10×1010~2.45×1010 CFU/mL。发酵罐培养制备的禽多杀性巴氏杆菌种子接种200L发酵罐进行高密度发酵培养后测得的活菌数可达1.85×1010~2.05×1010 CFU/mL,比浊计数为2.45×1010~2.80×1010 CFU/mL。结果表明,10L发酵罐培养制备的种子液优于扁瓶固体培养法和摇床液体培养法制备的种子液,而后两者无明显差别;从3批次平均值看,前者比后两者活菌计数结果提高约21.60%,比浊计数结果提高约15.52%。说明采用10L发酵罐培养制备的禽多杀性巴氏杆菌种子进行高密度发酵培养可显著提高菌液浓度,增加单位抗原含量(P0.01)。 相似文献
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为了确定猪乙型脑炎病毒转瓶中培养的关键技术参数,对猪乙型脑炎病毒(SA14-14-2株)转瓶培养工艺进行研究,试验以Vero细胞、3 L转瓶培养病毒,通过对接种时间、接毒量、吸附时间、吸附温度、维持液pH值、维持培养温度、培养时间、维持液血清浓度和转瓶机转速9个条件的优化,将繁殖的病毒液冻融一次,采用病毒蚀斑数测定方法测定繁殖病毒效价。结果表明:用3 L转瓶进行培养,将Vero细胞培养至72～96 h进行病毒接种,接种量为1 200万pfu/mL的毒液3 mL,病毒吸附温度为37℃,吸附时间为60 min,吸附后用pH值为7.8、含2%胎牛血清的维持液继续培养,35℃、12 r/h旋转培养至96 h后收获毒液,冻融一次,可获得较高的效价(不低于1×10~7 pfu/mL)。说明上述条件可应用于猪Ⅰ型脑炎病毒的转移培养。 相似文献
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以甘蔗糖蜜为碳源发酵生产高生物量饲料酵母,通过单因素正交试验设计,确定优化的培养条件为:温度28℃,pH5.0,装液量200mL/500mL,摇床转速180r/min,培养时间84h。在优化的培养条件下酵母菌株的总蛋白质含量可达到6.01g/L。 相似文献
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为筛选一株驯化啤酒酵母,并对发酵罐扩大培养工艺进行优化,为今后大规模生产提供试验数据。于麦芽汁培养基分离挑选某株具有较好生长力的酵母菌,进行形态学、生化及分子生物学鉴定。应用正交试验设计,从摇瓶温度、pH、取样时间及发酵罐的转速、装液量、接种量等方面进行优化。结果表明,驯化酵母菌株形态学、生化鉴定证明该菌株属于酵母属;发酵罐扩大培养最佳工艺为:转速200r/min,接种量50mL/L,装液量4.5L,此条件下酵母活菌含量为2.8×10~8 CFU/mL。驯化前后表现一致,没有发生变异。优化啤酒酵母菌的发酵罐扩大培养工艺,为下一步规模化生产提供理论参考。 相似文献
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蚕丝精练过程中利用微生物脱胶具有作用温和、成本低、环境污染小的优点。采用脱胶细菌腊样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)D7对蚕丝进行微生物精练,研究了脱胶发酵温度、发酵液初始pH、菌种液接入量、菌液发酵摇床转速、脱胶发酵时间等因素对残胶率和蛋白酶活力的影响,得出利用腊样芽孢杆菌D7对蚕丝精练的最佳工艺条件为:脱胶发酵温度37℃,发酵液初始pH7.0,菌种液接入量5%,菌液发酵摇床转速150 r/min,脱胶发酵时间3 d。在此工艺条件下用D7菌液精练后的蚕丝纤维表面丝胶更少且分布更均匀,纤维断裂强度、断裂伸长率和屈服强力都优于化学精练法处理的蚕丝。 相似文献
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蟹源地衣芽孢杆菌培养条件的优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基为初始培养基,探讨了不同培养时间、初始pH值、温度、盐度(NaCl浓度)和转速对中华绒螯蟹源地衣芽孢杆菌ESB3生长的影响。结果表明:菌株ESB3产最大活菌数的培养条件为培养时间20h,初始pH为7.8,温度为30℃左右,盐度为1.5%(m/V),转速为190r/min。采用单因子试验和正交试验优化了种子培养基的组成,结果表明,最佳种子培养基:可溶性淀粉(2%)(m/V)、胰蛋白胨(2%)(m/V)、K2HPO4(0.3%)(m/V),此条件下菌株ESB3活菌数达11.09×108CFU/mL。 相似文献
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本研究旨在确定猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）变异株CH/GX/750A/2015株在Vero细胞上转瓶培养的最佳条件，为大规模生产高效PEDV变异株疫苗提供技术支撑。试验以10 L转瓶培养病毒，对接毒时细胞维持液中胰酶浓度（0、2、4、6、8和10 μg/mL）、细胞密度（40%、60%、80%、100%、200%）、接毒剂量（MOI分别为1、0.1、0.01和0.001）、吸附时间（0、30、60、90、120、240 min）、收毒时间（接毒后12、24、36、48、60、72 h）、维持培养温度（35、36、37和38 ℃）和转瓶转速（6、8、10、12、14、16 r/h）7个条件进行优化。结果显示，PEDV CH/GX/750A/2015株在10 L转瓶中的最佳培养条件为：细胞刚铺满单层时接毒，接毒量为MOI=0.01，维持液（无血清DMEM培养液）中胰酶质量浓度为6 μg/mL，不需吸附，维持培养温度为37 ℃，12 r/h 旋转培养48 h后收获病毒液可获得较高效价的病毒液，效价可稳定达到106.50 TCID50/0.1 mL。本试验为 PEDV 变异株大量培养提供了参考，为变异株疫苗研发奠定了基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献