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奶业作为海南热带畜牧业中的朝阳产业而蕴藏着巨大的发展潜力,海南奶业历经曲折的发展已具备规模化和产业化发展的实践基础.本文分析了海南热带奶业发展的市场优势和环境气候限制因素,提出了海南热带奶业发展的基本途径和现代化奶业基地建设的技术构型. 相似文献
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《中国乳业》2003,(10)
10月8日,由中国奶业协会主办的中国国际奶业展览会暨奶业发展高层论坛于北京全国农业展览馆和北京21世纪饭店隆重召开,同时举行中国奶业协会年会。全国政协人口资源环境委员会副主任、农业部原常务副部长、中国奶业协会理事长刘成果,农业部总经济师、畜牧兽医局局长贾幼陵,科技部农社司司长王晓方,农业部产业化领导小组办公室副主任、农垦局副局长丁力,中国奶业方面的著名专家和企业家对中国奶业发展的趋势和热点、焦点等问题在会上作专题报告。论坛内容涉及中国奶业发展战略和对策,奶业产业化与地方经济发展,奶源基地建设与乳品加工,乳品消费市场开拓与培育,现代养殖、加工技术在奶业中的应用等。大会期间,举办中法奶业交流日活动,来自法国的奶业相关企业全面介绍法国的奶业发展现状及最新技术。 相似文献
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发展以数字化、自动化和智能化为特征的智慧奶业，是完善现代奶业科技创新体系、实现奶业高质量发展的核心任务。本文对智慧奶业的概念和内涵进行定义，判断目前智慧奶业处于初级发展阶段，通过阐述奶牛养殖和乳品生产各环节数字化、智能化关键技术与装备的研究与应用情况，总结智慧奶业发展在技术装备层面和建设运行层面出现的阶段性问题主要源于资金投入、技术研发、人才队伍和行业规范4个方面的供给不足，据此提出针对性的发展建议。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(10)
面对国家提出的供给侧结构性改革,实施富农强国战略,中国奶业发展亟需破冰之际,如何培养新型农民,创新推广机制和服务模式,提升奶业软实力,促进奶业发展,值得众多产业和体制内外的部门、从业人员去研究、探讨与实践奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队紧跟大都市圈奶业发展现状和改革发展步伐,成功实施了"奶牛保姆行动",从人才上培育了现代奶业从业队伍,技术上保障了奶业安全高效优质,实践上为大都市圈新型奶牛服务与推广模式的探索提供了新思路文章介绍了奶牛保姆行动的具体组织体系、运行机制、推广模式、运行特点以及主要成效,为我国农业基础产业技术推广与服务模式提供了有益的探索与尝试 相似文献
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目前,我国奶业发展模式正处于从单纯数量扩充向提高质量效益的转型期,奶牛养殖体系从传统模式到现代科学养殖工艺的成功过渡和转变。因此,实现奶业发展的转型应依靠科技投入促进生产水平的提升。而实现奶业发展模式转型的策略主要是系统地实施牛群遗传改良技术,充分使用优秀种公牛,应用人工授精技术,全面改良牛群;应用胚胎移植技术,扩繁良种奶牛,培育核心群;实施科学饲养管理工艺,推进先进的产业化组织。 相似文献
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奶业无疑是全球最重要的畜牧业之一,奶业的发展还关系着国民体质的增强,在《我国农区奶业发展模式与技术支撑体系》一文中,作者就关系到如何引导我国奶业的健康发展的"奶业为什么在全球畜牧业中占据如此重要的地位?二十世纪九十年代以来我国奶牛业出现快速增长的原因是什么?如何看待2004年下半年以来我国奶业出现的滑坡?"等问题,从奶业的自然属性、我国奶业发展过程等角度进行了分析,讨论了农区奶业的发展方向、发展重点、发展措施及奶业技术发展和产业组织形式。 相似文献
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黑龙江是奶业大省,基础好,起步早,资源环境优异,政策与技术服务相对完备.改革开放后,我们紧紧抓住奶业发展的黄金机遇期,大力实施规模化、标准化、产业化、集约化战略,推动了奶业较好较快发展. 相似文献
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抗日战争时期,我国陕甘宁边区的奶业方兴未艾.以光华农场为代表的奶业科研及生产机构,大力开展奶畜育种、饲养、管理、防疫等方面的科研工作,试验制作奶酪、奶皮、奶油、酸奶等奶制品,成为了边区奶业的技术扩散源.抗日军民对牛羊奶的大量需求,客观上促进了边区奶业技术的传播与辐射,但受经济条件、饮食习惯以及市场流通等多重因素的影响或制约,边区奶业技术扩散呈现出比较复杂的情形. 相似文献
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中国奶业见闻──饲养管理中的问题和今后的研究课题日本国际协力事业团天津奶业发展项目家畜饲养管理专家竹本博被称为奶业先进国的欧美、西欧各国的奶业，近数十年来，展示出惊人的发展（泌乳能力的提高）速度。其原因在于应用电脑根据科学理论进行奶牛育种改良技术的迅... 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献