共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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影响锯缘青蟹溞状幼体成活率的多因素试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用正交试验法研究了盐度、光照强度、换水量和抗菌素用量4个因素对锯缘青蟹幼体从Z1变态至Z3的成活率和变态时间的影响．并从试验组合中选出最佳条件。结果表明各因素对锯缘青蟹Z1-Z3期潘状幼体成活率影响的大小顺序为：光照强度〉盐度〉换水量〉抗菌素用量，对锯缘青蟹Z2-Z3期潘状幼体变态时间影响的大小顺序为：盐度〉光照强度〉抗菌素用量〉换水量．并得出培育锯缘青蟹前期潘状幼体的最佳条件为：盐庹为25‰；光照强度为170lx；换水量为1／3；抗菌素的用量为0．5×10^-6。在此条件下，54％的锯缘膏蟹幼体可以从五变态至Z3。 相似文献
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用正交试验法研究了盐度、光照强度、换水量和抗菌素用量4个因素对锯缘青蟹幼体从Z1变态至Z3的成活率和变态时间的影响．并从试验组合中选出最佳条件。结果表明各因素对锯缘青蟹Z1-Z3期潘状幼体成活率影响的大小顺序为：光照强度〉盐度〉换水量〉抗菌素用量，对锯缘青蟹Z2-Z3期潘状幼体变态时间影响的大小顺序为：盐度〉光照强度〉抗菌素用量〉换水量．并得出培育锯缘青蟹前期潘状幼体的最佳条件为：盐庹为25‰；光照强度为170lx；换水量为1／3；抗菌素的用量为0．5×10^-6。在此条件下，54％的锯缘膏蟹幼体可以从五变态至Z3。 相似文献
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僧帽牡蛎幼体附着和变态的诱导 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
采用外加人工化学物质检验对僧帽牡蛎眼点幼体的附着和变态诱导活性,结果表明去甲肾上腺素、野上腺素和L-多巴可有效诱导幼体不固着变态.在药物持续作用下,肾上腺素的最佳诱导浓度为10-5mol@L-1(变态率67.4%),去甲肾上腺素的最佳诱导浓度为5×10-5mol@L-1(变态率52.2%),L-多巴的最佳诱导浓度为10-5mol@L-1(变态率43.0%),而对照组变态率为0.幼体大多在药物作用12～24h之间完成变态.三种药物诱导的变态个体中有85%以上是不固着变态.比较多种附着基和EPI的变态诱导活性,显示同种贝壳的活性较肾上腺素还高.去甲肾上腺素诱导幼体变态效应对低盐海水有较强耐受能力,而对高盐海水适应性差. 相似文献
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研究表明，罗氏沼虾蚤状幼体与其发育期呈直接相关，Z1至Z6体长与发育期的直线回归方L1=0\4x1 1.118,Z5至Z11与发育期的直线回归方程为L2＝0．998x-1.9986.Z11变态为仔虾的时体长为负生长，单个蚤状幼体发育变态成全虾平均需摄食卤虫无节幼体1029．5个。 相似文献
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本研究以脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)幼体为研究对象,研究了牟氏角毛藻(Chaeroeeros moelleri)、褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)和卤虫(Artemia salina)无节幼体搭配投喂对脊尾白虾幼体的存活率(SR)、变态发育和消化酶的影响。结果显示,单一卤虫组的幼体变态发育速度最快,14 d内全部变态为仔虾,其他3组则需要15 d;单一卤虫组、牟氏角毛藻+卤虫组和轮虫+卤虫组的幼体变态为仔虾时的SR分别为84.33%、84.67%和83.00%,各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);投喂牟氏角毛藻+轮虫+卤虫混合饵料组的幼体在Z5~P阶段大量死亡,变态为仔虾时的SR为35.67%。单一卤虫组投喂的脊尾白虾幼体的胃蛋白酶(1.94 U/mg prot)、脂肪酶(2.35 U/mg prot)和α-淀粉酶(0.13 U/mg prot)活力在4个组中最高,牟氏角毛藻+轮虫+卤虫组的胃蛋白酶(0.08 U/mg prot)、脂肪酶(0.91 U/mg prot)和α-淀粉酶(0.08 U/mg prot)活力在4个组中最低;牟氏角毛藻+卤虫组和轮虫+卤虫组的α-淀粉酶活力均为0.12 U/mg prot,而轮虫+卤虫组幼体的脂肪酶(1.78 U/mg prot)和胃蛋白酶(0.39 U/mg prot)比牟氏角毛藻+卤虫组分别高0.35和0.04 U/mg prot。研究表明,在脊尾白虾育苗过程中,投喂卤虫无节幼体(3~5 ind./mL),能提高幼体SR和加快变态发育速度,同时,在养殖过程中加入一定的牟氏角毛藻可减缓养殖水体恶化的速度。 相似文献
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本研究以紫海胆(Anthocidaris crassispina)为研究对象,通过水槽实验方法,模拟分析了自然光周期条件下光照强度对紫海胆浮游幼体生长、存活以及体内消化酶活性的影响,旨在为紫海胆苗种的规模化繁育提供必要的生物学参数。研究发现,在实验设计的光照强度梯度(0、500、1000、2000、3000 lx)内,光照强度对紫海胆浮游幼体的体长、躯干部骨针长度和口后腕骨针长度的影响趋势一致,影响程度由高到低为500 lx>0 lx>1000 lx>2000 lx>3000 lx。在500 lx条件下,紫海胆浮游幼体的体长、躯干部骨针长度和口后腕骨针长度都达到最高,且显著优于其他实验组(P<0.05),此时脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性最强;在2000 lx条件下,紫海胆的胃蛋白酶活性最强;在3000 lx条件下,紫海胆浮游幼体发育到11 d已全部死亡。研究表明,在500 lx光照强度下,紫海胆浮游幼体可保持最佳的生长速度、消化酶活性以及存活率,500 lx为紫海胆浮游幼体生长发育的最佳光照强度。 相似文献
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波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体的培育及其形态观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索波纹龙虾(Panulirus homarus)幼体培育新方法,并系统描述其幼体形态特征.在室内以5种不同的饵料组合投喂波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体.结果表明,扁藻(Platymonas sp.) 卤虫(Artemia salina)组的存活率和变态率最高,到48 d后,幼体存活率达25%,并25%的幼体能顺利完成6次蜕皮;卤虫组、角毛藻(Chaetoceros sp.) 卤虫组的存活率和变态率较低,没有幼体能顺利完成4次蜕皮.对叶状幼体的形态特征进行观察,发现刚孵出和蜕皮1次的叶状幼体无眼柄,第2次蜕皮后开始出现眼柄,第3次蜕皮后开始出现第4步足,第5次蜕皮后开始出现第5步足,在随后的几次蜕皮后,第4步足明显增长,第9次蜕皮后第4步足出现带有羽状刚毛的外肢.以扁藻 卤虫作为饵料时,波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体培育效果较好,并获得了脱皮9次的叶状幼体. 相似文献
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A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of diet, stocking density and environmental factors on the growth, survival and metamorphosis of short neck clam Paphia malabarica larvae. These experiments examined the following factors: diet [ Isochrysis galbana , Nannochloropsis salina and a mixture of I. galbana and N. salina (1:1 w/w)], stocking density (1, 3, 5 and 7 larvae mL−1 ), light intensity (unshaded, partially shaded and fully shaded) and water filtration (unfiltered and sand filtered). Results indicated that N. salina could replace 50% of I. galbana as a food source for the clam larvae with an increase in growth, survival (47.2%), metamorphosis (33.5%) and early settlement. Larval growth decreased significantly with increasing stocking density. A density of 1–3 larvae mL−1 appeared to be optimal for normal growth of clam larvae. Neither diet nor stocking density used in the study had a significant effect on larval survival. Under partially shaded (light intensity=1000–5000 lx) and fully shaded (light intensity <1000 lx) conditions, larval growth was significantly faster than under direct sunlight (unshaded). Larvae grew significantly faster in the unfiltered water than in the filtered water. 相似文献
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Effects of light intensity on growth,feeding activity and development in common sole (Solea solea L.) larvae in relation to sensory organ ontogeny 
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下载免费PDF全文 Erika Bonvini Luca Parma Pier Paolo Gatta Luciana Mandrioli Rubina Sirri Giovanna Martelli Eleonora Nannoni Attilio Mordenti Alessio Bonaldo 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(6):1809-1819
The effects of four light intensities (1000 lx, 500 lx, 50 lx, 3 lx) on growth, survival and feeding activity in common sole (Solea solea L.) larvae were studied from 4 to 51 days post hatching (dph). During the pelagic larval stage (4–12 dph), larvae reared at 3 lx showed a lower growth. From 19 onwards, the larvae reared under 3 lx displayed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) higher SGR than the other treatments and a higher final weight compared to 1000 lx and 500 lx. Survival rate was higher under intermediate light intensities (500 and 50 lx). Larvae reared at 3 lx displayed a significant delay in the degree of metamorphosis compared to the other treatments, while at 33 dph metamorphosis was completed under all treatments. Histological examination revealed the importance of vision and light in the first feeding of this species, while after metamorphosis, the full development of other sensory organs indicated that feeding activity is also mediated by chemosensory perception. Results indicate that high light intensity seems to be more suitable during the pelagic larvae, while the opposite would ensure better growth from the onset of metamorphosis to the benthic phase. 相似文献
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实验所用仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)红色系和青色系体质量分别为 (6.28±0.02) g和 (6.34 ± 0.04) g。实验设定5个光强处理组(50、300、1 000、2 000、3 500 lx) 和对照组(0 lx)。光照强度通过调节灯泡功率、数量以及灯源距离获得, 光照周期为12L︰12D, 养殖水温16~17℃。结果表明, 两种色系仿刺参生长速度与光强呈负相关, 弱光照时(50 lx)时生长速度最快。黑暗(0 lx)时两种色系仿刺参生长较弱光时(50 lx)略慢(P>0.05)。过强光照 (3 500 lx)抑制仿刺参的摄食率(P<0.05), 降低其食物转化效率(P<0.05)。两种色系仿刺参的耗氧率随光照强度增强而逐渐增大。各处理组两种色系间仿刺参生长速率不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。仿刺参生长能(G/C)约7%, 粪便能(F/C)和呼吸能所占比重超过90%。强光(3 500 lx)下仿刺参排便能损失的比例增至59%, 而生长能降至2%。从提高能量分配和饵料利用效率看, 两种色系仿刺参生长速度较适宜光强为弱光(50 lx)。本研究旨在通过分析光照强度对生长、摄食、耗氧率和能量分配影响, 并以青色系仿刺参作为对比, 为红色系仿刺参在中国近海养殖提供基础参数。
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This study examined the retinomotor responses and prey ingestion rates of 10‐, 15‐, 20‐ and 30‐day‐old Asian seabass Lates calcarifer under different light intensities from 0 to 1000 lx to determine the visual thresholds. Subsequently, two age groups of seabass larvae were reared under light intensities of 10, 100 and 1000 lx to determine the optimum illumination in hatchery tanks. Retinomotor response was absent in 10‐day‐old larvae, but quite marked in 15‐ and 20‐day‐old seabass at 1 lx and higher. Ingestion of Artemia nauplii by 10‐day‐old larvae was almost zero at <1 lx, increased significantly at 1 lx, and was maximal at 10–100 lx. Artemia ingestion under dim light <1 lx improved with age, and older larvae took more prey in complete darkness due to the presence of rod cells (and also free neuromasts). Larvae from 13 to 26 days group had similar survival and growth at 10–1000 lx, however, from 5 to 10 days group showed similar survival rate with highest weight gain at 100 lx. Therefore, we recommend that hatchery rearing tanks be illuminated such that the larvae in the water are exposed to approximately100 lx. 相似文献
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Kenzo Yoseda Kazuhisa Yamamoto Kimio Asami Masayuki Chimura Koji Hashimoto Shinichi Kosaka 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,279(1-4):55-62
This study investigated the effect of different light intensities on feeding, growth and survival of early stage leopard coral grouper Plectropomus leopardus larvae. Four different light intensities (0, 500, 1000 and 3000 lx) were used and larvae were kept under constant light conditions from 0 day after hatching (DAH) to 5 DAH. The larvae were fed a small S-type of Thai strain rotifers at a density of 20 individuals/mL from 2 DAH. The number of rotifers in larval digestive organ and total length of larvae were examined at 3 h intervals between 04:00 and 22:00 h on 3 DAH, and thereafter at 6 h intervals until the end of the experiment (5 DAH). Four experimental trials of the larval rearing were repeated using by 60 kL mass-scale rearing tanks. The results indicate that coral grouper larvae are visual feeders and their food intake increases with increasing light intensity. Food intake of larvae reared at 3000 lx was significantly higher than those reared at 0–1000 lx on 3 DAH despite being the first-feeding day (P < 0.01). On 4 DAH, total length of larvae reared at 3000 lx was significantly larger than those reared at the lower light intensities (0, 500 and 1000 lx), and thereafter light intensity significantly influenced larval feeding and growth until the end of the experiment. Survival on 5 DAH did not show a significant difference between light intensities, but survival rate at 3000 lx and 1000 lx had a tendency to be higher than those reared at the lower light intensities (0 and 500 lx). In contrast, larvae reared at 0 lx exhibited stagnant and/or negative growth. These results indicate that light intensity is significantly the factor affecting larval feeding, growth, and survival in coral grouper larvae under the rearing conditions. 相似文献
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光照对黄盖鲽仔鱼生长_发育及摄食的影响 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
光照对黄盖鲽仔鱼的生长、发育及摄食有显著影响,各组仔鱼的体长与体高在２０日时均产生极显著的差异;Ｄｕｎｃａｎ多范围检验表明：４０－６０ｌｘ光照度下仔鱼生长最好;在４０－７０００ｌｘ范围内随光照度的增强,生长则变差,存活率下降,畸形个体增加,暗条件下及３－６ｌｘ条件下的仔鱼在１２日龄时全部因饥饰物而死亡。在卵黄囊期的各组仔鱼不受外界环境影响,生长情况近似。４０－７０００ｌｘ光照度之间的５且在４日龄至 相似文献
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Li Li Yongsheng Zhang Shuanglin Dong Fang Wang Qinfeng Gao 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(9):2333-2340
The growth rate, survival rate, development and setting rate of larval sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were measured under four light intensities (0, 50, 500 and 2,000 lx), and the growth rate and metabolism of the juvenile sea cucumbers were investigated under four light intensity treatments (0, 100, 1,000 and 2,500 lx). The light requirements (i.e. intensity) of the sea cucumber changed as they grew. Better growth performance, development and survival rate were observed in embryos and larvae under 500 lx treatment. However, reduced light intensity (50 lx) increased the settlement rate of the larvae. The highest specific growth rate occurred in juvenile sea cucumbers under 1,000 lx. The sea cucumbers in this group also had the lowest oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate, but the highest O:N ratio, indicating that the optimal light intensity for the juvenile sea cucumber culture was 1,000 lx. Therefore, appropriate light intensities were suggested to provide larval and juvenile sea cucumbers with better growth and development conditions. 相似文献
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以鹿角沙菜（Hypneacervicornis）为材料,分别研究了其在不同光照强度（2000lx、4000lx、7500lx、10000lx和15000lx）、不同温度（15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃和35℃）、不同盐度（5、10、15、20、25、30和35）下生长及生化组分的变化。结果显示,适合鹿角沙菜生长的光照强度为2000—4000lx,温度为20～30℃,盐度为20—35;最适合生长的光照强度为4000lx,温度为25℃,盐度为30,在此条件下藻体具有最高的相对生长速率（RGR）,SOD活性最低。在光照强度4000～5000lx范围内随着光照强度的升高,可溶性蛋白（SP）、叶绿素a（Chl—a）和类胡萝卜素（Car）的质量分数降低,而藻红蛋白（PE）和藻蓝蛋白（Pc）的质量分数上升;在温度25～35℃、盐度30～35范围内随着温度、盐度的升高,可溶性蛋白、叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白的质量分数降低,说明适宜的温度和盐度有利于其生化组分积累。 相似文献
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温度、光照强度对舌状蜈蚣藻早期发育的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
舌状蜈蚣藻（Grateloupia livida）是一种具有较高应用价值的红藻。文章研究了不同的温度（15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃）和光照强度（500 lx、2500 lx、5 000 lx和10 000 lx）对舌状蜈蚣藻早期发育的影响。试验结果表明,舌状蜈蚣藻适合果孢子发育为盘状体的条件为温度25℃、光照5 000 lx。果孢子在25~30℃条件下首先形成盘状体,15℃下形成最慢;盘状体在25℃首先长出直立枝,其次是20℃、15℃和30℃。果孢子在5 000~10 000 lx的光照强度下首先形成盘状体,2 500 lx次之;在盘状体发育过程中较高光强可以促进盘状体的生长发育,低光强培养条件显著抑制了盘状体的生长发育。 相似文献