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1.
天然物饲料添加剂对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
研究天然物饲料添加剂在日粮中替代抗生素对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响.对照组饲喂基础日粮(1组);抗生素组添加50 mg/kg的杆菌肽锌(2组);用小茴香、肉桂、干姜、甘草、山植、神曲和麦芽等天然物按比例制作成饲料添加剂,在试验组基础日粮中分别添加0.5 %、1 %、1.5 %和2 %(分别为3组、4组、5组和6组)天然物饲料添加剂.结果表明:抗生素组和不同水平天然物饲料添加剂各组均能改善肉仔鸡各期的生产性能.从全期看,天然物组后期的生产性能优于抗生素,以1.5 %添加水平最好,但差异不显著.试验说明,添加天然物饲料添加剂能提高肉仔鸡的生产性能,可替代抗生素使用,添加水平以1 %～1.5 %为宜.  相似文献   

2.
日粮中添加大蒜粉对肉仔鸡生产性能和肉质的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
选用240只长沙黄肉鸡,随机分为4组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加杆菌肽锌(20mg/kg)、1.5%和2%的大蒜粉,比较试验鸡的生产性能和肉质.研究结果表明:①日粮中添加1.5%和2.0%的大蒜粉可显著提高肉鸡的日增重、饲料效率和成活率(P＜0.05)及改善肉鸡的屠宰率和肉品质.②大蒜粉可替代抗生素杆菌肽锌对肉鸡起促生长和提高饲料效率的作用.  相似文献   

3.
试验旨在研究复方中药添加剂对AA肉鸡的生长性能、肉品质和血液生化指标的影响。将健康1日龄AA肉鸡1 440只,随机分为2个处理组,每个处理6个重复,每个重复120只鸡。试验期共42 d。抗生素组在基础日粮中添加养殖场常用畜禽专用抗生素0.02%恩拉霉素及0.05%盐霉素,中药组在基础日粮中添加0.2%的复方中药添加剂。结果表明:1~42日龄中药组平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)以及饲料增重比(F/G)与抗生素组相比均无显著差异(P0.05),中药组的死亡率低于抗生素组;中药组肌肉p H、肉色亮度L*、黄度b*、剪切力与抗生素组相比差异均不显著(P0.05),而红度a*高于抗生素组,且于21 d差异极显著(P0.05),中药组肌肉失水率于42 d显著低于抗生素组(P0.05);中药组总蛋白、白蛋白、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶与抗生素组相比无差异(P0.05),中药组尿酸和甘油酯低于抗生素组,且于42 d差异显著(P0.05)。上述结果表明,日粮中添加复方中药添加剂可达到与抗生素同样的促生长效果,同时可改善肉品质及血液生化指标。这为该复方中药添加剂作为饲料添加剂替代抗生素应用于AA肉鸡生产提供一定科学依据。  相似文献   

4.
试验旨在研究饲料中添加不同浓度止痢草植物提取物(OS)对内鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响.试验采用单因子设计,选用1日龄同批孵化AA+肉鸡2 400只,随机分为6个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复50只仔鸡,公母各半.无抗生素对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲粮在基础日粮中添加抗生素(恩拉霉素10 g/t,硫酸抗敌素20 g/t),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组饲粮分别在基础日粮中添加100、150、200和250 g/t OS.试验期为42 d.结果显示:与对照组相比,饲料中添加200和150 g/t OS对肉鸡的增重、饲料转化率有改善作用,并能降低肉鸡的死亡率(P＜0.05),同时可显著提高肉鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净堂率、胸肌率和腿肌率,有效降低腹脂率,改善肌肉品质(P＜0.05).  相似文献   

5.
试验研究中草药饲料添加剂对肉鸡的饲喂及肉品质影响。取2 000只1日龄的商品代艾维因白羽肉鸡,随机分为5个试验组:A组为对照组,在基础日粮中添加1%的维生素和微量元素添加剂;B组为全价饲料组;C组在基础日粮中添加1%的益生菌添加剂;D组在基础日粮中添加1%的益生中草药肉鸡饲料添加剂;E组在基础日粮中添加1%的中草药添加剂。塑料大棚地面平养,饲喂45 d。取各组肉鸡各20只分别测定其腿肌的肌肉品质,并考察各试验组肉鸡免疫功能的变化。试验结果表明:在基础日粮中添加1%益生中草药肉鸡饲料添加剂的D组综合经济效果最好,肉鸡的免疫功能提高,肌肉品质好,风味佳。  相似文献   

6.
试验选取144羽1日龄肉鸡随机分为4个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只鸡。Ⅰ组为对照组(基础日粮,不添加任何饲料添加剂)、Ⅱ组为微生态制剂组(基础日粮添加产酶益生素)、Ⅲ组为抗生素组(基础日粮添加抗生素)、Ⅳ组为微生态制剂、抗生素联合使用组(基础日粮添加微生态制剂和抗生素)。试验结果表明,Ⅲ组肠道内容物、血液、肝脏中内毒素含量均高于其他试验组,血清TNF-α、IL-6含量也较高。使用抗生素与使用微生态制剂、不使用任何添加剂比较,肉鸡血液、肠道、肝脏内毒素含量水平较高;微生态制剂组与对照组比较,内毒素含量相当或者偏低。  相似文献   

7.
糖萜素代替药物添加剂对肉鸡生产性能的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
选同一父母代种鸡场1日龄AA苗鸡1000只,分成对照组和试验组2组.对照组饲喂基础日粮中添加抗生素(每千克饲料添加杆菌肽锌16.7 mg 硫酸粘杆菌素3.3 mg),并在饲养过程中按常规饮水给药;试验组饲喂基础日粮中添加糖萜素(1～28日龄550 mg/kg,29～56日龄400 mg/kg),在饲养过程中不使用预防药物.试验结果表明,肉鸡日粮中添加糖萜素后,成活率、平均体重、饲料转化率和经济效益均略好于在日粮和饮水中添加抗生素等药物的对照组,说明在肉鸡生产中,可以用糖萜素代替药物添加剂,生产无公害甚至绿色肉鸡产品.  相似文献   

8.
中草药饲料添加剂对肉仔鸡血液指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了研究日粮中添加不同剂量的中草药饲料添加剂对内仔鸡血液指标的影响,选取体重接近的健康1日龄AA肉仔鸡288只,按体重均匀分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡,即每组72只鸡.设对照组:日粮中不添加中草药饲料添加剂;试验Ⅰ组:日粮中添加0.5%中草药饲料添加剂:试验Ⅱ组:日粮中添加1%中草药饲料添加剂;试验Ⅲ组:日粮中添加2%中草药饲料添加剂.进行为期42 d的饲养试验.测定各组的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、尿素氮(BUN)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG).结果表明,添加复方中草药制剂能够提高肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白以及免疫球蛋白含量,降低血清尿素氮含量,改善蛋白质的利用率,提高免疫功能.日粮中添加1%复方中药制剂效果最好.  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在研究益生菌对高海拔缺氧条件下肉鸡生产性能、肠道消化酶活性和肠道形态的影响。270只1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组在基础日粮中添加金霉素(添加剂量为50mg/kg日粮),益生菌组在基础日粮中添加益生菌(添加剂量为109 CFU/kg日粮)。结果表明,益生菌和抗生素对肉鸡生长前期(1~21日龄)生产性能没有显著影响(P0.05),但日粮添加益生菌和抗生素显著提高肉鸡42日龄体重和降低生长后期(22~42日龄)的饲料转化率FCR(P0.05)。相比于对照组和抗生素组,添加益生菌显著提高21和42日龄肉鸡十二指肠绒毛长度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值,并显著提高42日龄肉鸡肠道中淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性(P0.05)。研究结果表明,益生菌可以提高高海拔缺氧条件下肉鸡肠道中的消化酶活性和改善肠道形态。  相似文献   

10.
中草药添加剂对育肥猪生长性能和免疫功能的影响   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  
本试验旨在探讨夏季在育肥猪日粮中添加中草药添加剂对其生长性能和免疫功能的影响。选取200头体重约60 kg的杜长大(杜洛克×长白×大白)育肥猪,随机分为4个组(处理),每个组5个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素(50%)的对照日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%中草药添加剂的日粮。试验结果表明,与抗生素对照组相比,日粮中添加1.5%中草药添加剂显著提高育肥猪平均日增重、平均日采食量(P<0.05),各试验组均有改善料重比的趋势,但差异不显著;日粮中添加中草药添加剂与抗生素对照组相比,干物质、总能、粗蛋白质、钙、磷等表观消化率均有提高的趋势;育肥猪日粮中添加中草药添加剂与抗生素对照相比,血清中免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM及补体C3、C4的浓度均显著提高(P<0.05)。由本试验结果可以看出,日粮中添加中草药添加剂明显改善了育肥猪的生产性能、养分消化、免疫功能。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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