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河田鸡肌内脂肪沉积规律的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究河田鸡肌内脂肪的沉积规律，试验于第14 d、28 d、42 d、56 d、70 d、84 d、98 d、112 d对河田鸡肉鸡进行屠宰，测定腹脂率、胸肌肌内脂肪含量。结果表明：（1）公鸡胸肌肌内脂肪含量从42 d开始，均显著高于14 d（P＜0.05）；42 d到98 d公鸡肌内脂肪含量差异不显著（P＞0.05）。母鸡胸肌肌内脂肪含量从14 d到84 d，肌内脂肪含量差异不显著（P＞0.05）；98 d、112 d肌内脂肪含量均显著高于14 d及28 d（P＜0.05）。无论性别，胸肌肌内脂肪含量随日龄的增加呈上升趋势。（2）河田鸡胸肌肌内脂肪含量与腹脂率呈显著正相关关系（P＜0.05）。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2015,(14)
相同条件下饲养的文昌鸡公鸡20只,10周龄时随机平均分为2组,一组进行手术去势,另一组不去势作为对照组。20周龄时测定各组的屠宰性能和肉品质,并测定血清血糖和总脂。结果表明:去势鸡的腹脂重、腹脂率极显著高于公鸡(P0.01),活重、肌间脂肪宽、皮下脂肪厚显著高于公鸡(P0.05),屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重、屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率去势鸡与公鸡差异不显著(P0.05);去势鸡的胸肌和腿肌肌内脂肪含量极显著高于公鸡(P0.01),腿肌内水分含量显著高于公鸡(P0.05),胸肌内水分含量、滴水损失、熟肉率、剪切力、p H值、肉色差异不显著(P0.05);去势鸡血清总脂含量极显著高于公鸡(P0.01),血糖差异不显著(P0.05)。去势可明显提高文昌鸡公鸡的脂肪沉积能力。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(7)
旨在探讨去势对不同周龄北京油鸡公、母鸡鸡冠发育、屠宰性能及脂肪代谢的影响,为油鸡去势鸡产业发展、脂类代谢研究等提供参考。选取体重相近的3周龄北京油鸡(公、母各80只),随机平均分成对照组与去势组,对照组进行假手术,去势组摘除睾丸或卵巢,共4组。分别于13、17和22周龄屠宰测定其鸡冠特性、屠宰性能和脂肪代谢相关指标。采集血液样品,用全自动生化分析仪测定血清中甘油三酯(TG)的含量;采集肝样品,用索氏抽提法测定肝组织中总脂含量。结果表明,与对照相比,去势显著降低13、17和22周龄公鸡的冠长、冠高和冠重,显著提高17和22周龄母鸡的冠长、冠高和冠重(P0.05);去势对13周龄公、母鸡的活重、全净膛重、屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率未产生显著影响(P0.05);另外,去势对17和22周龄公鸡活重无显著影响(P0.05),但显著降低17和22周龄公鸡腿肌率,显著提高13、17、22周龄公鸡腹脂率和17周龄公鸡胸肌率(P0.05);去势显著提高17周龄母鸡活重、全净膛重、屠宰率和17、22周龄母鸡腹脂率(P0.05)。去势组13、17、22周龄公鸡血清TG和肝总脂含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);去势组17周龄母鸡血清TG和17、22周龄母鸡肝总脂含量显著高于对照组。上述结果表明,去势显著抑制公鸡鸡冠发育,促进母鸡鸡冠加速生长;去势对公鸡不同时期的活重未产生影响但显著降低腿肌率,提高腹脂率;去势一定程度提高母鸡的活重和腹脂率。去势可能是通过增加血清TG和肝总脂含量来促进公、母鸡的腹脂沉积。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(14)
为研究拉萨白鸡生长性能和肌肉品质,对拉萨白鸡生长状况、屠宰性能及肉品质进行了测定。结果显示:在42、120、150、180、210日龄,拉萨白鸡公鸡体重极显著高于母鸡体重(P0.01)。公鸡、母鸡180日龄的屠体重、屠宰率、半净膛率差异极显著(P0.01),母鸡胸肌率显著高于公鸡(P0.05);不同性别相同部位比较,母鸡胸肌肉色L值与剪切力显著高于公鸡(P0.05)。公鸡腿肌胶原蛋白含量极显著高于母鸡(P0.01),蛋白含量极显著低于母鸡(P0.01);相同性别不同部位比较,公鸡胸肌和腿肌的肉色、p H值、失水率、剪切力均差异极显著(P0.01),母鸡胸肌和腿肌的肉色、失水率差异极显著(P0.01),公鸡胸肌和腿肌的胶原蛋白、肌内脂肪、水分、蛋白质含量均差异极显著(P0.01),母鸡胸肌和腿肌的肌内脂肪、蛋白质含量差异极显著(P0.01)。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(3)
培育适合屠宰加工的早熟、青脚、优质肉鸡新品系,通过比较63日龄ABC、ABD和AEB杂交组合鸡群的屠宰性能和肉品质,初步筛选最优杂交组合。结果表明:3个杂交组合63日龄母鸡体重均超过1.8 kg,公鸡体重均超过2.2 kg;公母鸡的屠宰率均超过86%,全净膛率均超过68%;ABC母鸡的全净膛率、胸肌率均显著高于其他杂交组合(P0.05);ABC组合母鸡的腹脂率显著低于其他2个组合(P0.05);ABC和ABD组合公母鸡胸肌肌苷酸含量显著高于AEB母鸡肌苷酸含量(P0.05);ABC公母鸡肌内脂肪含量显著高于ABD母鸡、AEB公鸡(P0.05);3个杂交组合组合间、组合内及公母间屠宰性能(失水率、剪切力和p H)均差异不显著。ABC公母鸡胸肌肉色L值显著高于其他2个杂交组合(P0.05);ABC母鸡肉色a值显著低于AEB(P0.05)。通过对3个杂交组合屠宰性能和肉品质的比较,发现ABC组合的屠宰率、全净膛率、胸肌率、肌苷酸含量、肌内脂肪含量和肉色相对较好,初步确定ABC组合最佳,为下一步优质冷鲜鸡的新品系培育奠定基础。 相似文献
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贵妃鸡与麒麟鸡杂交F1代体尺、屠宰性能和肉品质测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究贵妃鸡的肉用开发价值,本试验以贵妃鸡为父本,麒麟鸡(卷羽鸡)为母本进行杂交探索,同时对12周龄F1代杂交鸡进行体尺性状,屠宰性能和肉品质测定。结果表明:(1)12周龄F1代杂交公鸡体斜长、龙骨长、胫长均显著高于母鸡(P0.05)。(2)屠宰性能:12周龄公母鸡体重分别达到1 236.67 g和1 063.00 g,差异极显著(P0.01);屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、肌间脂肪宽和皮脂厚,公鸡分别为91.09%、83.44%、61.58%、15.33%、22.95%、3.71%、7.95 mm、3.96 mm,母鸡分别为89.36%、81.10%、61.75%、13.15%、19.08%、3.94%、7.53 mm、5.66mm,活体重、屠体重、半净膛重、半净膛率、全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重和心脏重极显著高于母鸡(P0.01),腿肌率、翅膀重显著高于母鸡(P0.05),而皮脂厚却极显著低于母鸡(P0.01),其余指标公、母差异不显著(P0.05)。(3)肉品质:在胸肌方面,12周F1代杂交母鸡的失水率显著高于公鸡(P0.05),其他指标没有显著性差异(P0.05);在腿肌方面,12周F1代杂交母鸡的肉色L值和失水率极显著高于公鸡(P0.01),但是杂交母鸡的肉色a值极显著低于公鸡(P0.01),其他指标没有显著性差异(P0.05)。 相似文献
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文昌鸡肌内脂肪和腹脂的组成差异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国家禽》2021,(9)
为比较地方鸡品种文昌鸡肌内脂肪(IMF)和腹脂(AF)中脂组成成分和脂肪酸含量,试验选取98日龄文昌鸡(母鸡)50只,测定屠宰性能,采集胸肌、腹脂组织,测定其甘油三酯(TG)、磷脂(PLIP)、胆固醇(TCHO)和脂肪酸(FA)含量。结果表明,胸肌中IMF显著低于腹脂率(AFR)(P0.01);两种组织中脂组成存在共性,均以甘油三酯(TG)为主,但胸肌中TG含量显著低于腹脂(P0.01),而磷脂(PLIP)含量则显著高于腹脂(P0.01)。脂肪酸(FA)组成测定结果显示,两种组织中FA的种类相似,但胸肌中大部分种类脂肪酸的含量低于腹脂,而二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、花生四烯酸(AA)和必需脂肪酸(EFA)等功能性脂肪酸含量显著高于腹脂(P0.05)。试验结果表明,胸肌和腹脂组织中脂组成和脂肪酸组成存在显著差异,提示了肉鸡IMF和腹脂沉积的差异特性,为后期优质肉鸡生产提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献