共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
采用田间试验方法,在苗期和初花期自然状态、水分胁迫以及充足灌水条件下,研究了转DREB3基因杭旱大豆叶片、茎、根中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA),脯氨酸和蔗糖含量的变化。结果表明,在自然状态下,苗期水分胁迫第s天时,转DREB3基因杭旱大豆叶片SOD活性显著高于受体大豆东农50,初花期无明显变化;苗期和初花期转DREB3基因杭旱大豆叶片、茎和根中丙二醛、脯氨酸含量与受体大豆东农50相比无明显差异;苗期转DREB3基因杭旱大豆叶片和根中蔗糖含量显著低于受体大豆东农50,初花期差异不显著。在水分胁迫条件下,转DREB3基因杭旱大豆SOD活性显著高于受体大豆东农50,丙二醛含量显著低于受体大豆东农50,初花期水分胁迫第10天时叶片和茎中脯氨酸含量显著高于受体大豆东农50,蔗糖含量显著低于受体大豆东农50。充足灌水管理下,转DREB3基因抗旱大豆与受体大豆东农50相比,苗期和初花期叶片、茎和根中SOD活性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量无明显差异;苗期转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片中蔗糖含量显著低于受体大豆东农50,但在初花期水分胁迫10天时转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片中蔗糖含量显著高于受体... 相似文献
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3.
采用盆栽法,在3种披碱草属牧草苗期对其进行水分胁迫,测定幼苗叶片相对含水量、细胞膜透性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛含量及游离脯氨酸含量等指标,以对其抗旱性做初步研究。结果表明,3种牧草的叶片相对含水量呈下降趋势;细胞膜透性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、游离脯氨酸含量及丙二醛含量均呈增加趋势。初步评价,3种牧草苗期对干旱胁迫的耐受性强弱顺序为:披碱草加拿大披碱草老芒麦。 相似文献
4.
转DREB基因大豆东农50对土壤氮素转化菌数量及生化强度的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过盆栽试验对转DREB基因大豆东农50与非转基因大豆东农50进行正常水分处理和干旱胁迫处理,研究转基因大豆在干旱条件下对土壤氮素转化相关细菌数量及生化强度的影响。结果表明,干旱条件下转DREB基因大豆在开花期对根际好氧性自生固氮菌的生长及土壤固氮强度有促进作用,在开花期和结荚鼓粒期对氨化细菌繁殖及氨化强度有抑制作用,在此时期对反硝化细菌的生长繁殖及其强度有抑制作用,在整个生长周期内转基因大豆对硝化细菌数量及其强度没有影响。 相似文献
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干旱处理迫对花生品种叶片保护酶活性和渗透物质含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以花育22和花育25为试验材料,利用防雨棚池栽人工模拟干旱胁迫逆境试验,调查苗期、花针期和结荚期水分胁迫对花生叶片膜脂过氧化、渗透调节物质含量和保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,干旱处理初期,两品种抗氧化系统和渗透调节物质各成分的反应并不完全一致,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、可溶性蛋白质(Pr)、游离氨基酸(AA)、脯氨酸含量(Pro)显著升高,但随干旱处理进行,其活性明显降低,保护酶活性与渗透调节物质降低时间基本同步,POD活性对水分胁迫的响应较弱, 丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,随干旱处理历时延长,含量降低,其降低时间滞后于保护酶活性,花育22 MDA含量高于花育25;各生育期干旱处理结束后,SOD、CAT、Pr、AA、Pro含量明显升高,且在水分敏感的花针期升幅均较大;苗期干旱对生育后期保护酶及渗透调节能力的影响较小; SOD和CAT是花生适应抗旱胁迫的主要抗氧化酶,各渗透调节物质调节能力表现为可溶性蛋白质>可溶性糖>游离氨基酸>脯氨酸;花育25抗旱适应能力较强。 相似文献
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干旱胁迫对内蒙古草原多根葱生理生化指标的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了探明内蒙古草原多根葱抗旱性能,采用盆栽控水法研究干旱胁迫对多根葱植物叶片生理生化指标的影响。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,内蒙古草原3个样地(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)多根葱叶片相对含水量呈显著下降的趋势,叶绿素含量、SOD、POD、CAT活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,水分饱和亏、相对电导率、脯氨酸、丙二醛含量呈上升的趋势。多根葱干旱性程度与水分饱和亏、相对电导率、膜脂过氧化作用呈正相关,与叶绿素含量、相对含水量、保护性酶活性呈负相关。隶属函数法抗旱性综合评价耐旱性强弱顺序为ⅠⅢⅡ。 相似文献
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干旱胁迫对不同生态型大豆生理生化特征的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为了研究干旱胁迫对大豆生理生化特征和产量的影响,选用22份不同生态型大豆品种为研究材料,用盆栽称重法与大田试验结合的方法,研究花期不同生态型大豆抗旱生理生化特征。结果表明：干旱胁迫下,不同生态型大豆品种的叶片相对含水量、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、叶绿素a含量、总叶绿素含量和净光合速率都有一定程度的降低,与大豆品种的抗旱性均呈正相关,表现为抗旱性强的品种下降幅度较小,而抗旱性弱的品种下降幅度较大;而丙二醛含量、相对电导率和可溶性糖都有一定程度的增加,与抗旱性均呈极显著负相关,表现为抗旱性强的品种增加的幅度较小,而抗旱性弱的品种则相反;脯氨酸含量与抗旱性呈极显著正相关,表现为抗旱能力强的品种脯氨酸含量增加幅度大。这一结果说明,在干旱胁迫环境下,水分亏缺降低了大豆叶片相对含水量,膜脂过氧化伤害加重,引起丙二醛的累积,相对电导率升高,游离脯氨酸及可溶性糖含量升高,而丙二醛含量的升高导致保护酶活性降低,同时水分亏缺导致叶绿素含量降低,净光合速率下降,最终导致产量下降。 相似文献
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【研究目的】本试验研究玉米耐旱生理特性,为玉米耐旱品种选育提供依据。【方法】试验以玉米品种正大619、农大108为材料,分别在间隔4天、8天、12天、16天灌一次水的不同水分处理条件下,分析玉米叶片叶绿素、脯氨酸（Pro）、丙二醛（MDA）的含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性。【结果】结果表明：随着水分胁迫程度加大,玉米叶片脯氨酸的含量、MDA含量和POD活性呈现不同程度的增加,而叶绿素含量和SOD活性则随着水分胁迫程度加大而降低。且敏感型品种农大108的变化明显强于抗旱型的正大619。【结论】脯氨酸（Pro）、丙二醛（MDA）的含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性可以作为玉米耐旱品种选育参考。 相似文献
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不同供水条件下玉米耐旱生理特性比较 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
【研究目的】研究了玉米耐旱生理特性,为玉米耐旱品种选育提供依据。【方法】试验以玉米品种正大619、农大108为材料,分别在间隔4天、8天、12天、16天灌一次水的不同水分处理条件下,分析玉米叶片叶绿素、脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性。【结果】结果表明:随着水分胁迫程度加大,玉米叶片脯氨酸的含量、MDA含量和POD活性呈现不同程度的增加,而叶绿素含量和SOD活性则随着水分胁迫程度加大而降低。且敏感型品种农大108的变化明显强于抗旱型的正大619。【结论】脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性可以作为玉米耐旱品种选育参考。 相似文献
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为探明水杨酸和盐对香稻和非香稻幼苗生理特性的影响,以香稻品种农香18和非香稻品种华航丝苗为材料,设置水杨酸（SA）0,1 mmol/L和盐（NaCl）0,50 mmol/L浸种处理,测定了幼苗叶片和茎鞘超氧化物超化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（ POD）活性、丙二醛（ MDA）含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量及香稻香气2-AP含量。 SA、盐以及两者的混合溶液浸后,香稻2-AP含量均显著增加。1 mmol/L水杨酸与50 mmol/L盐混合溶液处理显著提高香稻幼苗脯氨酸含量而对非香稻品种无显著影响;50 mmol/L盐溶液处理可显著提高香稻和非香稻幼苗茎鞘POD活性及香稻幼苗茎鞘SOD活性;1 mmol/L水杨酸处理显著提高香稻和非香稻幼苗叶片脯氨酸含量及香稻幼苗POD活性。SOD、脯氨酸和POD是水稻幼苗响应水杨酸和盐浸种处理的主要生理特性指标。盐胁迫下香稻2-AP含量增加, SA可缓解盐胁迫,同时可提高香稻2-AP含量。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
20.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献