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1.
建立了草鱼肌肉(包括皮)中阿维菌素和伊维菌素的多残留检测方法.样品用乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂净化,多拉菌素作内标,经1-甲基咪唑和三氟乙酸酐的乙腈溶液在室温下避光衍生化并在甲醇中水解后,进行HPLC-FLD检测分析.结果表明,阿维菌素和伊维菌素在5～100 ng/g范围内具有良好线性,检测限分别为1.0 ng/g和1.2 ng/g,定量限分别为3.4 ng/g和4.0 ng/g,日间提取回收率分别为96.42%～103.10%和94.23%～101.76%,日内和日间变异系数分别小于4.37%、6.82%和6.73%、8.84%.该方法高效、灵敏、简便,其灵敏度、回收率和重现性等符合有关兽药残留检测要求,可用于草鱼肌肉中阿维菌素和伊维菌素的多残留检测. 相似文献
2.
建立乳品与饲料中阿维菌素类药物(埃普利诺菌素、阿维菌素、多拉菌素和伊维菌素)残留液相色谱的测定方法。乙腈为提取剂,tC18固相萃取小柱净化,三氟乙酸酐和N-甲基咪唑柱前衍生,C18柱分离,甲醇-乙腈的混合溶剂与水梯度洗脱,液相色谱仪荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。每1 000 g乳粉(或每1 000 mL液态乳)中阿维菌素添加量为1.5 μg时,回收率大于95％。本方法液态乳、酸乳、乳粉的定量限为2μg/kg,饲料的定量限为10 μg/kg。该方法具有结果准确、操作简便、重复性好等优点,可用于乳品和饲料中阿维菌素类药物残留的检测。 相似文献
3.
草鱼组织中阿维菌素和伊维菌素的多残留检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了草鱼肌肉（包括皮）中阿维菌素和伊维菌素的多残留检测方法。样品用乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂净化,多拉菌素作内标,经1-甲基咪唑和三氟乙酸酐的乙腈溶液在室温下避光衍生化并在甲醇中水解后,进行HPLC-FLD检测分析。结果表明,阿维菌素和伊维菌素在5~100 ng/g范围内具有良好线性,检测限分别为1.0 ng/g和1.2 ng/g,定量限分别为3.4 ng/g和4.0 ng/g,日间提取回收率分别为96.42%~103.10%和94.23%~101.76%,日内和日间变异系数分别小于4.37%、6.82%和6.73%、8.84%。该方法高效、灵敏、简便,其灵敏度、回收率和重现性等符合有关兽药残留检测要求,可用于草鱼肌肉中阿维菌素和伊维菌素的多残留检测。 相似文献
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建立了一种可同时检测牛奶中4种阿维菌素类药物(阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素和埃谱利诺菌素)残留的液相色谱-串联质谱方法(LC-MS/MS)。牛奶样品经乙腈提取,高速离心去除蛋白质等杂质,C18柱净化。以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相进行洗脱,流速0.4 m L/min,采用基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。结果表明:阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素和埃谱利诺菌素在0.5~100 ng/m L浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)均大于0.996;4种阿维菌素类药物的定量限均为0.5μg/kg。阿维菌素在0.5~5μg/kg添加浓度范围内,伊维菌素在0.5~20μg/kg添加浓度范围内,多拉菌素在0.5~30μg/kg添加浓度范围内,埃谱利诺菌素在0.5~40μg/kg添加浓度范围内,回收率为66.4%~120%;批内与批间相对标准偏差均小于20%。该方法具有简便快速、灵敏度高、定性准确,重复性好等特点,可以满足牛奶中4种阿维菌素类药物残留检测的要求。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2019,(10)
为探索方便快捷且符合兽药残留试验技术规范要求的阿维菌素类药物残留检测方法,对农业部1025号公告-5-2008动物性食品中阿维菌素类药物残留检测-酶联免疫吸附法、高效液相色谱法和液相色谱-串联质谱法中的高效液相色谱法进行优化,改进了样品提取后储存条件、净化条件和衍生化条件。牛肝样品经2次乙腈提取后,用乙腈-水-三乙胺储存备用,用C18固相萃取柱分离,1-甲基咪唑-乙腈、三氟乙酸酐-乙腈、冰乙酸和三乙胺衍生化,乙腈作流动相,高效液相色谱法分析。优化法试验结果显示,爱普菌素、阿维菌素、伊维菌素和多拉菌素等4种阿维菌素类药物在2～200μg/L的浓度范围内,标准曲线线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999 2;方法检测限2μg/kg,定量限5μg/kg;加标回收率在83%～93%,批内变异系数小于14%,批间变异系数小于11%。表明优化法符合兽药残留试验技术规范的要求,准确度和精密度较好,检测时间和成本低于标准法,可用于动物性食品中阿维菌素类药物残留的检测。 相似文献
6.
大环内酯类抗寄生虫药由两大类组成,即阿维菌素类（包括阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、塞拉菌素、埃玛菌素和埃普利诺菌素）和米尔贝霉素类（包括米尔贝肟和莫西菌素）。其中阿维菌素和伊维菌素（阿维菌素的衍生物,含有双氢阿维菌素B1a 80％以上,含有双氢阿维菌素B1b 20％以下）是目前在兽医临床应用最广泛的两种广谱、高效、低毒的大环内脂类抗寄生虫药物。 相似文献
7.
牛肌肉中阿维菌素类药物残留的免疫亲和色谱—高效液相色谱荧光检测方法的研究简 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究旨在建立以免疫亲和色谱（IAC）柱为净化手段的高效液相色谱荧光检测方法（HPLC-FLD）,可同时检测牛肌肉组织中的阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素和埃普里诺菌素残留。样品用甲醇提取,IAC柱净化,以乙酸酐—甲基咪唑的乙腈溶液作衍生化试剂,96 ℃条件下,完全衍生化100 min。在5、10、50和100 ng/g添加水平下,牛肌肉组织中4种药物添加回收率为77.3%～119.5％,变异系数为1.5%～18.9％,方法的检测限为0.8 ng/g。该方法可用于检测牛肌肉组织中的阿维菌素类药物残留。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
18.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献