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病毒受体是决定病毒宿主特异性和组织嗜性的主要因素之一,其本质是糖蛋白、蛋白聚糖、脂类或糖脂,多数属于蛋白质.大多数病毒受体分布于细胞表面,病毒需要细胞受体的参与才能进入细胞并进行复制、转录、包装成病毒粒子.整联蛋白αvβ3具有多种配体其主要包括:细胞间配体、细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)配体、血管细胞黏附配体,还能识别多种病毒表面上特定的"精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸(Arg-Gly-Asp,RGD)序列",并介导病毒感染细胞的过程,口蹄疫病毒可利用VP1的G-H环(约为130～160残基)上的此序列吸附整联蛋白αvβ3感染细胞.本文就整联蛋白αvβ3的结构、分子生物学特性以及其介导的口蹄疫病毒感染细胞机制作一综述. 相似文献
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利用pcDNA3.1（＋）-β6p真核表达载体稳定转染CHOK1细胞,间接免疫荧光法（IFA）检测整联蛋白αvβ6在转染细胞中的表达分布。以间接免疫组化法（IHA）检测整联蛋白αvβ6在健康猪舌、唇、气管等组织的表达分布。采用抗猪源整联蛋白β6亚基的单克隆抗体作为一抗,FITC标记山羊抗小鼠IgG、辣根过氧化物酶标记山羊抗小鼠IgG分别作为二抗。结果表明,pcDNA3.1（＋）-β6p真核表达载体稳定转染的CHOK1细胞的细胞膜及细胞质内可见致密的绿色荧光（IFA）,猪舌、唇、气管等组织细胞的细胞膜及细胞质内均出现了棕黄色的特异阳性反应物,表明整联蛋白αvβ6受体广泛分布于猪体的器官组织细胞中,为深入研究整联蛋白αvβ6在口蹄疫病毒感染过程中的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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口蹄疫病毒野毒株利用整联蛋白（integrin）αvβ1、αvβ3、αvβ6和αvβ8作为受体侵入细胞。本研究采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）技术,定量检测绵羊胎儿（45、75和110 d的绵羊胎儿）、新生羔羊和成年绵羊组织中整联蛋白亚单位αv、β3、β6和β8转录水平。比较分析发现,在蹄冠上皮组织中,成年绵羊和新生羔羊的β6 mRNA水平低于75和110 d胎儿的;在心组织中,成年绵羊、新生羔羊和110 d胎儿的β6 mRNA高于45和75 d胎儿的;在肌肉组织中,胎儿和新生羔羊的β6以及β8 mRNA水平高于成年绵羊的;在舌上皮组织中,成年绵羊的β3 mRNA水平低于其他发育时期的。在软腭组织、扁桃体中整联蛋白mRNA水平在胎儿、新生儿和成年绵羊之间变化不大。本研究首次获得相关整联蛋白mRNA在绵羊不同发育阶段组织中分布的定量数据,为了解整联蛋白在口蹄疫病毒感染组织嗜性中的作用机制提供新的科学依据。 相似文献
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牛口蹄疫病毒受体通用亚基αv的基因克隆及分子特征 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
研究发现，4种整联蛋白αvβ1、αvβ3、αvβ6、αvβ8能够介导口蹄疫病毒感染自然宿主，其中αv是4种受体的共用亚基。本试验对牛口蹄疫病毒受体通用亚基αv基因进行了克隆测序并对其编码蛋白的二级结构进行了预测。结果显示，牛αv亚基基因的编码区含有3147个核苷酸，编码1048个氨基酸，其中信号肽由30个氨基酸组成，胞外域由957个氨基酸组成，跨膜区由29个氨基酸组成，胞浆域由32个氨基酸组成；在890和891位氨基酸之间有1个蛋白酶裂解位点（KR-D）；胞外域含有13个潜在的糖基化位点（NXT／NXS）、2个Ca^2＋结合位点[DX（D／N）XDGXXD]、18个半胱氨酸残基。该基因在GenBank中的登录号为DQ871215。牛αv基因与猕猴、家鼠、犬、人、鸡的αv基因的核苷酸序列同源性分别为91．0％、85．7％、90．1％、91．2％、73．1％，推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别为94．7％、91．6％、96．3％、95．0％、81．6％。牛αv亚基存在复杂多变的二级结构，这是其具有多种生物学功能的分子基础，其中1-30位、988-1017位氨基酸区段疏水性较强，形成表面蛋白结构的可能性较差，分别是该亚基的信号肽和跨膜区。本试验为进一步深入研究口蹄疫病毒与宿主细胞的相互关系奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(11)
为了探讨和分析整联蛋白αv亚基基因(integrin alpha v,itgαv基因)的功能及受体基因表达量下调对口蹄疫病毒复制的影响,试验构建并筛选了绵羊itgαv基因的RNAi载体,根据绵羊itgαv基因核苷酸序列,设计了3条特异性双链小干扰RNA(short interfering RNA,siRNA)分子,将合成的DNA片段退火形成双链后,连接到p Genesil-1.3载体人源U6启动子下游,分别命名为Genesil-αv1、Genesil-αv2、Genesil-αv3;以乳腺组织RNA反转录产物为模板,扩增绵羊itgαv,并将其克隆入p EGFP-N1载体多克隆位点,构建itgαv与GFP蛋白融合表达载体p EGFP-itgαv,用上述Genesil-αv1、Genesil-αv2、Genesil-αv3载体分别与p EGFP-itgαv共转染豚鼠BHK-21细胞之后,通过绿色荧光信号观察和半定量RT-PCR检测siRNA分子对itgαv基因表达的抑制效果,经酶切及测序鉴定以及瞬转试验证实,载体表达的RNAi分子构建成功,且能有效抑制目标基因的体外表达。结果表明:研究成功构建了有效抑制itgαv基因表达的RNAi载体。 相似文献
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旨在研究口蹄疫病毒（foot-and-mouth disease virus,FMDV）结构蛋白VP1上的RGD（Arg-Gly-Asp）基序与宿主细胞表面受体整联蛋白的结合特异性,作者应用基于表面等离子共振技术（SPR）的Biacore 3000系统实时研究RGD基序分别与猪源整联蛋白αvβ6胞外区结构域、αv亚基胞外区结构域和β6亚基胞外区结构域的亲和力。首先通过结合试验筛选与RGD基序有结合的整联蛋白结构域,再对有结合的整联蛋白与RGD基序开展动力学分析。结果显示,合成的RGD基序与猪源整联蛋白αvβ6胞外区结构域有结合,结合动力学常数Ka、Kd、KD分别为42.3 M-1s-1、3.1×10-4s-1和7.33×10-6M;与整联蛋白αv亚基胞外区结构域之间亦有结合,结合动力学常数Ka、Kd、KD分别为21.8 M-1s-1、2.13×10-4s-1和9.79×10-5M;与β6亚基胞外区结构域几乎没有结合。综上表明,RGD与整联蛋白αvβ6胞外区结构域的结合比与整联蛋白αv亚基胞外区结构域之间的结合快且亲和力强。本研究将为进一步探讨FMDV与宿主细胞表面受体的相互作用提供参考。 相似文献
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已发现至少有αvp1、αve3、αvB6、αvp84种整联蛋白是FMDV的细胞受体,αv是4种受体的通用亚基。本试验中从FMDV实验感染猪和牛、健康羊和双峰驼等的肺组织中克隆到了受体通用亚基αv基因,并对其序列进行了比较和进化关系分析。结果显示,羊、牛、猪、双峰驼的αv亚基基因的编码区分别含有3147、3147、3141、3165个核苷酸,分别编码1048、1048、1046、1054个氨基酸,信号肽均由氨基端30个氨基酸组成,跨膜区、胞浆区均分别由29、32个氨基酸组成;胞外区分别由957、957、955、963个氨基酸组成。羊、牛、猪、双峰驼αv亚基基因在Gen—Bank中的登录号分别为EU367989、DQ871215、EF474019、EU367990。同源性分析表明,信号肽变异最大,胞外区次之,跨膜区和胞浆区比较保守;进化树表明,与灵长类、啮齿类、奇蹄类、禽类、食肉类等口蹄疫非易感物种相比,口蹄疫易感动物羊、双峰驼、猪、牛等偶蹄家畜αv亚基的亲缘关系较近,处于同一进化分支。这表明受体αv亚基可能与FMDV的宿主范围和组织嗜性有关。 相似文献
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筛选靶向FMDV受体猪源整联蛋白αv亚基基因抑制FMDV复制的最佳siRNA.根据猪源αv mRNA序列,设计并合成siRNA,Lipofectamine 2000转染siRNA于PK-15细胞,利用qRT-PCR检测RNAi组(iαv-480、iαv-1719和iαv-2077)、空白组(Mock)和阴性对照组(Control)中αvmRNA表达情况；在转染siRNA12 h后通过接种100 TCID50,收集病毒液,测定TCID50,确定其抗病性变化.结果显示,瞬间转染PK-15后,与阴性对照组和空白组相比,3个RNAi组均不同程度抑制αv亚基基因表达,在24 h iαv-480组在mRNA水平抑制90.1％,作用最明显.TCID50测定表明iαv-480组有较低的病毒滴度,说明其抗病性增加.针对猪源整联蛋白αv亚基基因的最佳siRNA的筛选成功,为深入研究干扰FMDV受体抗FMDV转基因路线奠定了基础. 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献