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湟源县绵羊住肉孢子虫形态观察 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
采用隔肌压片镜检法对湟源县农贸市场屠宰出售的55只绵羊胴体住肉孢子虫的感染情况进行了调查。同时取虫体较多的膈肌经固定、脱水、切片、H.E染色后,对虫体囊壁的构造也进行了观察。结果表明,绵羊住肉孢子虫的感染率为65.45％。感染强度10—240条/克肉样。切片标本镜下观察发现,虫体包囊壁的结构有两种,一种虫体无次生囊壁,原生囊壁上具有栅栏状指形突起,初步鉴定为羊犬住肉孢子虫,另一种虫体有胶状次生囊壁,原生囊壁光滑,无突起物,初步鉴定为囊状住肉孢子虫。 相似文献
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牛肉孢子虫病研究：流行病学调查与病原种类研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报告1986——1988年对贵州省五地区十个县(市)耕牛肉孢子虫病调查,共剖检水牛155头和黄牛195头。调查肉孢子虫感染情况;对几种住肉孢子虫进行形态观察、测量大小和动物感染试验。结果表明:贵州耕牛住肉孢子虫共有三种,总感染率为89.4%。寄生于水牛的住肉孢子虫有两种,Ⅰ、梭形住肉孢子虫 sarcocystisfusiformis,感染率100%,终宿主为猫,Ⅱ、小型住肉孢子虫 sarcocystis sp,感染率83.9%(与梭形住肉孢子虫混合感染);终宿主为狗。Ⅲ、黄牛一种;枯氏住肉孢子虫 sarcocystis cruzi,感染率81%,终宿主为狗。三种住肉孢子虫以梭形住肉孢子虫感染最严重。患牛全身布满包囊,病变明显而销毁和高温处理的占3.9%。各种感染程度分别为:轻度占62%,中度占24%,严重占14%。包囊在牛体内的分布以食道最多,为100%,颈肌次之,为73.5%,舌肌和背肌均为40%,心肌未见有此种包囊。三种住肉孢子虫以梭形住肉孢子虫的包囊最大,平均9×3.5毫米,孢子囊较小,平均13.4×7.8微米,慢殖子平均14.4×5.5微米。小型住肉孢子虫和枯氏住肉孢子虫两者相似,包囊细小,大小分别为1.6×0.17毫米和2×0.16毫米.慢殖子大小为13.8×6.7微米和13.87×4.93微米,孢子囊大小为15.81×10.33微米和15.75×10.22微米。猫感染梭形住肉孢子虫排囊前期6—7天,排囊持续2—22天,狗感染小型住肉孢子虫排囊前期为8天,持续1—20天;狗感染枯氏住肉孢子虫排囊前期为10天,持续1—10天。兔感染各种住肉孢子虫均未获得成功。对本病的防治方法文内提出讨论建议。 相似文献
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将制备的水牛梭形住肉孢子虫包囊抗原及缓殖子抗原，应用血清学试验鉴定了其反应原性。结果表明，水牛梭形住肉孢子虫包囊抗原，缓殖子抗原与自然感染病牛剖检的阳性吻合率分别为５６％和７１％；水牛梭形住肉孢子虫与黄牛枯氏住肉孢子虫之间有共同抗原成份。 相似文献
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<正> 肉孢子虫是一种人畜共患的双宿主的寄生原虫。寄生于水牛的肉孢子虫有梭形肉孢子虫(Sarcocy-tis·fusiformis)和李氏肉孢子虫(S·lerinei),前者其终宿主为猫,后者为犬,这两种肉孢子虫对水牛的致病性其早期均很明显,但包囊成熟后的慢性阶段,则未见明显的临床症状。 相似文献
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应用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析了水牛梭形住肉孢子虫包囊纯化抗原的蛋白质组分。采用垂直板型电泳，连续凝胶系统法，以考马斯亮兰Ｒ－２５０染色进行ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析的结果表明，水牛梭形住肉孢子虫包囊纯化抗原至少由１０种蛋白质组成，分子量范围为１７．５ＫＤ～１３５ＫＤ。其中主要蛋白质组分有５种，分子量分别为１２５ＫＤ、９８ＫＤ、９０ＫＤ、６９ＫＤ及３５ＫＤ。 相似文献
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吴雅玲 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1986,(6)
据Heydorn等报道:寄生于牛的肉孢子虫有枯氏住肉孢子虫、人住肉孢子虫、猫住肉孢子虫三种,三种在包囊的形态学上有所差异。齐藤守弘等设计了肉孢子虫包囊简易直接检查法,并与以前的胰蛋白酶消化法进行了比较:用这两种方法检查肉孢子虫,检出率几乎无差异。但是,用 相似文献
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对牦牛的两新种住肉孢子虫进行了宿主范围的研究,其结果是:耗牛住肉孢子虫(S.Poephagi sp nov.),用20只无卵囊的健康幼犬,10只无卵囊的健康幼猫,分别口服感染其包囊4000条/只,感染后每天连续进行粪便检查,幼犬未见有印囊或孢子囊排出,幼猫感染后第7～10天开始排出孢子囊,排出持续期为8～12天,平均每克粪便内有43.6(11～71)个,孢子囊呈圆形或卵圆形,无色透明,大小为13.68×9.39(9～15.8×7～13.2)μm,牦牛住肉孢子虫是猫源性虫体,犬不能作为终未宿主。牦牛犬住肉孢子虫(S.Poephagicanis sp.nov.),用20只无卵囊的健康幼犬和10只幼猫,分别人工感染其包囊4000条/只,感染后连续检查粪便,幼犬在感染后第7～20天开始排出孢子囊,大多数是在第7～9天排出,持续期为13～26天,每克粪便内平均排出孢子囊203(15～286)个,孢子囊呈椭圆形,两端较钝,大小为14.63×10.63(10.5～18.5×7～14.25)μm,有两层囊壁,外膜光滑,该种为犬源性虫体,猫不能作为终末宿主。大白鼠、小白鼠、豚鼠、家兔和小鸡分别口服感染两种住肉孢子虫包囊,感染后经粪便检查,均未发现有孢子囊,上述实验动物各口服从幼猫粪便获取的牦牛住肉孢子虫孢子囊,或从幼犬粪便获取的牦牛犬住肉孢子虫孢子囊,90天后剖检,肌肉内均无包囊存在,证明这些动物均不能作其宿主动物。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献