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本试验以带Epichloё内生真菌(E+)及不带内生真菌(E-)中华羊茅种子为研究材料,研究其水引发后,在NaCl胁迫条件下的萌发情况。结果表明,NaCl胁迫显著降低中华羊茅种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、胚芽长、胚根长和干重。除对照处理外,相对于不带内生真菌的中华羊茅种子,内生真菌能显著提高不同NaCl浓度胁迫条件下中华羊茅种子的萌发力及幼苗生长。水引发与内生真菌可产生互作,在引发时间为20 min时与内生真菌的互作效果最为明显,在不同NaCl浓度胁迫下中华羊茅种子各萌发指标及幼苗生长情况均显著高于其他处理。在对各指标的相关性分析显示,中华羊茅种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、胚芽长、胚根长和干重相互之间均呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
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禾本科植物内生真菌研究10——内生真菌共生体的苗期生物学特性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
有些禾本科植物内生真菌能为宿主植物带来抗病虫害、抗旱、促进苗期生长和分蘖等性能。研究利用种子中Neotyphodium属内生真菌含菌率不同的苇状羊茅Festuca arundinacea、多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne和野生鹅观草Roegneria kamoji进行了室内发芽试验、室外和人工气候箱内的盆栽试验以及室内外蚜虫接种试验,调查了内生真菌对其宿主苗期生物学特性的影响。发现种子含菌率比较高的苇状羊茅和多年生黑麦草分蘖多,幼苗抗虫性明显提高;种子含菌率比较高的鹅观草发芽率高,出苗整齐,生长快,分蘖多,但幼苗无明显的抗虫性。研究结果进一步说明了禾本科植物内生真菌在农业上具有广阔的利用前景。 相似文献
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高羊茅再生体系构建的基因型比较研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
高羊茅的品种资源丰富,研究高羊茅品种间的差异.选择合适的高羊茅品种是建立高效再生体系的前提.利用7个过渡性气候带常用的抗旱草坪型高羊茅品种进行再生体系研究,数据采用SAS 8.1统计软件分析后发现,品种间的出愈率和分化牢差异显著,两者不存在等级相关性,不同品种高羊茅的出愈率和分化率受基因型的影响显著.高羊茅种子发芽率对出愈率没有显著影响.RSR排序表明,'爱瑞Ⅲ'是出愈率和分化率都较好的品种,适宜作为农杆菌介导高羊茅转化系统的愈伤组织受体材料. 相似文献
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为选择高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea）种子的最佳消毒处理方法,选用6种常用种子消毒处理方法：0.1% HgCl2浸泡10 min、10% H2O2浸泡20 min、0.5% KMnO4浸泡10 min、75% C2H5OH浸泡 5 min、2.0% NaClO浸泡20 min、0.16% HCHO浸泡30 min进行消毒处理,对其消毒效果、种子萌发及幼苗的影响进行测定。结果表明：10% H2O2浸泡20 min和0.5% KMnO4浸泡10 min的消毒效果较好,对种子萌发和幼苗生长均没有负面影响,可以作为高羊茅种子理想的消毒方法优先选用;0.1% HgCl2浸泡10 min和2.0%NaClO浸泡20 min的消毒效果虽好,对种子发芽率没有影响但对种子萌发速度和幼苗生长有一定的影响,慎重选用;75% C2H5OH浸泡5 min和0.16% HCHO浸泡30 min的消毒效果不佳,对幼苗的生长也有影响,且0.16% HCHO处理对种子的伤害较大,不宜选用。 相似文献
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利用正交设计试验研究了3个不同种子预浸泡时间(6,12和24h),3种消毒剂(10%H2O2,30%NaClO和0.1%HgCl2)和3个不同消毒时间(10,20和30min)对甘肃红豆草种子萌发率、污染率及发芽指数的影响,以获取甘肃红豆草无菌苗时种子的最佳消毒方法。结果表明,3个因素对发芽率影响差异显著;预浸泡时间对发芽指数影响差异极显著,而对污染率影响差异不显著;消毒剂种类及消毒时间对污染率和发芽指数影响差异显著。综合各项因素,室温条件下无菌水预浸泡24h、0.1%HgCl2消毒20min种子发芽率较高,污染率较低,发芽较快且出苗整齐,是获取甘肃红豆草无菌苗种子的最佳消毒方式。 相似文献
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为确定假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides)再生体系中种子外植体的消毒方式,经过预备试验后共设计A,B,C,D 共4组2系列8种消毒方式。A1:3.5%次氯酸钠消毒25 min,A2:浓硫酸灼烧30 s+3.5%次氯酸钠消毒20 min,B1:7%次氯酸钠消毒20 min,B2:浓硫酸灼烧30 s+7%次氯酸钠消毒20 min,C1:0.05%升汞消毒20 min,C2:浓硫酸灼烧30 s+ 0.05%升汞消毒15 min,D1:0.1%升汞消毒15 min,D2:浓硫酸灼烧30 s+ 0.1%升汞消毒10 min。结果表明:A2的愈伤诱导效果最好,达到52%;D1的愈伤诱导率最低,仅17.33%,其他处理的愈伤诱导率介于二者之间。发现浓硫酸灼烧假俭草种子30 s,可显著提高出愈率;试验证实消毒剂次氯酸钠比升汞有利于假俭草种子的愈伤诱导。 相似文献
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试验以公农1号紫花苜蓿种子为实验材料,采取不同的消毒处理,选取子叶、叶片、胚轴为外植体,研究了不同消毒方式、不同外植体对公农l号紫花苜蓿品种再生的影响。结果表明：种子在消毒前,经无菌水浸泡24h（预处理）比不浸泡的消毒效果好,但是浸泡后,用酒精消毒时间不可过长;2％次氯酸钠、10％次氯酸钙、0．1％升汞三种消毒剂中,0．1％升汞消毒效果最好,种子带菌率为0％,75％的乙醇预处理后可大幅降低种子的带茵率;三种消毒剂中10％次氯酸钙一无水处理的紫花苜蓿种子发芽率最高;三种外植体均容易形成愈伤组织,经过综合比较,选取胚轴为公农1号紫花苜蓿品种的最佳外植体。 相似文献
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探讨使用酸处理解除树莓种壳机械障碍,提高树莓种子发芽率。本试验以‘秋英’、‘拖拉蜜’为供试材料,采用98%浓硫酸、20%次氯酸钠处理以及两者组合的方式以打破种子休眠。结果表明,98%浓H2SO4处理30min+20%NaClO浸泡1d对‘秋英’效果最好,发芽率为65.00%;98%浓H2SO4处理10min+20%NaClO浸泡3d对‘秋英’效果最好,发芽率为68.33%。使用浓硫酸和次氯酸钠组合处理后树莓的种子发芽率高于单一使用浓硫酸或次氯酸钠处理。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献