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1.
１日龄雏鸡感染鸡传染性贫血病毒后，胸腺和脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖反应分别于１４ｄ和７－２１ｄ明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）；法氏囊和脾脏Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖反应分别于７－２１ｄ和２１ｄ显著减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）；由此说明雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后，胸腺，法氏囊和脾脏的细胞免疫功能和／或体液免疫功能均明显降低，此外，雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后１４－４２ｄ，体重明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），胸腺和法  相似文献   

2.
１日龄雏鸡人工感染鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＩＡＶ）后７、１４ｄ，脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），２１ｄ明显回升，２８ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），３５ｄ后降至对照水平；感染后７、１４和２１ｄ，胸腺Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２诱生活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ后恢复至对照水平。感染后７、１４ｄ，脾脏淋巴细胞ＩＦＮ诱生活性明显低于对照鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５），２１ｄ后恢复至对照水平。感染后１４ｄ，胸腺淋巴细胞集落刺激因子（ＣＳＦ）诱生活性未见明显变化，２１ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ降至正常水平。  相似文献   

3.
１日龄雏鸡人工感染鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＩＡＶ）后７、１４ｄ，脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），３５ｄ后降至对照水平；感染后７、１４和２１ｄ，胸腺Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２诱生活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ后恢复至对照水平。感染后７、１４ｄ，脾腺淋巴细胞集落刺激因子（ＣＳＦ）诱生活性未见明显变化，２１ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ降至  相似文献   

4.
１日龄健康ＡＡ雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后８天进行ＮＤ疫苗免疫，免疫后２９天用ｖＮＤＶ攻击，于免疫后７、１４、２８和攻毒后１０天取材检测．给果，感染ＣＩＡＶ雏鸡经ＮＤ免疫后７天，胸腺Ｔ细胞白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）诱生活性比未感染的免疫对照鸡明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；脾脏Ｔ细胞ＩＬ－２诱生活性于７和２８天显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）．感染免疫鸡免疫后１４天脾脏淋巴细胞干扰素（ＩＦＮ）诱生活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）．结果表明感染ＣＩＡＶ鸡对ＮＤ疫苗免疫的分子免疫调节作用明显减弱，ＨＩ抗体效价于免疫后７～２８日明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＮＤ强毒攻击后，ＣＩＡＶ感染ＮＤ免疫雏鸡的免疫保护率为６０％％，明显低于免疫对照鸡（１００％）．  相似文献   

5.
１日龄健康ＡＡ雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后８天进行ＮＤ疫苗免疫，免疫后２９天用ｖＮＤＶ攻击，于免疫后７，１４，２８免疫后７天，胸腺Ｔ细胞白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）诱生活性比未感染的免疫对照鸡显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；脾脏Ｔ细胞ＩＬ－２诱生活性于７和２８天著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。感染免疫鸡免疫后１４天脾脏淋巴细胞干扰素（ＩＦＮ）诱生活发性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明感染ＣＩＡＶ鸡对ＮＤ疫苗免疫  相似文献   

6.
１日龄健康雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后８天进行ＮＤ疫苗免疫和免疫后２９天用ｖＮＤＶ攻击，于免疫后７、１４、２８天和攻毒后１０天取材检测。结果，感染ＣＩＡＶ雏鸡ＮＤ免疫后，胸腺和脾脏Ｔ细胞增殖反应分别于７天和７～１４天比未感染免疫对照鸡明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）法氏囊和脾脏Ｂ细胞增殖反应均于７～１４天明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。ｖＮＤＶ攻击后，脾脏和胸腺Ｔ细胞增殖反应均比未感染ＣＩＡＶ的免疫对照鸡显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１．Ｐ＜０．０５）。上述结果表明，ＣＩＡＶ感染ＮＤ免疫雏鸡中枢和外周免疫器官的细胞免疫应答和体液免疫应答功能均明显降低，并与其分子免疫调节功能降低密切相关。  相似文献   

7.
１日龄健康雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后８天进行ＮＤ疫苗免疫和免疫后２９天用ｖＮＤＶ攻击，于免疫后７、１４、２８天和攻毒后１０天取材检测。结果，感染ＣＩＡＶ雏鸡ＮＤ免疫后，胸腺和脾脏Ｔ细胞增殖反应分别于７天和７－１４天比未感染免疫对照鸡明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）法氏囊和脾脏Ｂ细胞增殖反应均于７－１４天明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。ｖＮＤＶ攻击后，脾脏和胸腺Ｔ细胞增殖反应均比未感染ＣＩＡＶ  相似文献   

8.
对１日龄雏鸡感染鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＩＡＶ）后免疫器官法氏囊、脾脏和胸腺的ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞数量的动态变化进行了检测。结果发现,感染雏鸡法氏囊、脾脏和胸腺的３种抗体生成细胞数量均程度不同地低于未感染对照雏鸡,其中法氏囊的ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ抗体生成细胞和ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞分别在感染后７～３５ｄ和１４～３５ｄ明显减少;脾脏红髓、白髓和淋巴小结的ＩｇＧ抗体生成细胞分别于７～３５ｄ、１４～３５ｄ和１４～２１ｄ明显减少,ＩｇＭ抗体生成细胞分别在７～４２ｄ、２８～３５ｄ和１４ｄ时明显减少,ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞仅在红髓中（７～２８ｄ）明显减少;胸腺髓质的ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞分别在１４～２８ｄ、７～２１ｄ和２１ｄ时明显减少。结果表明,ＣＩＡＶ感染雏鸡免疫器官的体液免疫功能明显降低。  相似文献   

9.
用鸡贫血病毒（ＣＡＶ）感染１日龄ＡＡ雏鸡,以未感染同龄ＡＡ雏鸡为对照,感染后不同时间检测其外周血液Ｔ、Ｂ细胞数量和ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ,ＩｇＡ含量,胸腺,法氏囊,脾脏ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ,ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞和Ｔ细胞数量以及Ｔ、Ｂ细胞增殖功能;胸腺和脾脏白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）和干扰素（ＩＦＮ）诱生活性等的动态变化。  相似文献   

10.
对感染鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＩＡＶ）雏鸡新城疫（ＮＤ）免疫及其强毒攻击后，其免疫器官ｋｋ法氏囊、脾脏和胸腺的ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞的动态变化进行了检测。结果发现，感染雏鸡ＩｇＧ抗体生成细胞于免疫后７～２８ｄ，在法氏囊和胸腺髓质及脾脏红髓和白髓区明显低于未感染的免疫对照雏鸡；ＩｇＭ生成细胞分别于免疫后７～２８ｄ、７ｄ或１４ｄ明显降低；而ＩｇＡ生成细胞于免疫后２８ｄ，仅在法氏囊髓质区明显减少，表明ＣＩＡＶ感染雏鸡免疫器官对ＮＤ免疫的体液免疫应答降低。ＮＤ强毒攻击后，ＣＩＡＶ感染ＮＤ免疫雏鸡法氏囊、脾脏、胸腺的三种抗体生成细胞均程度不同地低于对照雏鸡，其中ＩｇＧ生成细胞减少最为明显。ＣＩＡＶ感染雏鸡免疫器官抗体生成细胞减少与免疫保护率降低密切相关  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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