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调查了广东省某猪场3个分场的猪群中临床型萎缩性鼻炎发生和支气管败血波氏杆菌与产毒素多杀巴氏杆菌在鼻腔混合感染的情况.A 和 B 两个分场的育成猪发生了以生长迟滞和鼻部歪斜或上颔短缩为特征的临床型萎缩性鼻炎,发病率各为9.5%(10/105)和12.5%(37/296),抽检鼻拭子发现支气管败血波氏杆菌感染率各为70.0%(14/20)和72.7%(16/22),多杀巴氏杆菌感染率各为30.0%(6/20)和31.8%(7/22).C 分场未发现临床型萎缩性鼻炎病猪,支气管败血波氏杆菌和多杀巴氏杆菌感染率分别为87.5%(14/16)和5.6%(1/18)。在分得的15株多杀巴氏杆菌中.14株为荚膜 D 型,均产生皮肤坏死毒素.另1株为荚膜 A 型,不产生这种毒素.调查结果表明.支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒素多杀巴氏杆菌在猪鼻腔的混合感染是引起该猪场严重临床型萎缩性鼻炎的病因. 相似文献
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Gwatkin等(1953)首先报道猪萎缩性鼻炎与多杀性巴氏杆菌感染有联系,但只有用多杀性巴氏杆菌产毒素D型株感染才能在猪实验性复制明显的进行性和不可逆的鼻甲骨病变。此菌株的无细胞提取物对小鼠有致死作用,可引起豚鼠皮肤病变或对牛胎肺细 相似文献
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猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由多杀性巴氏杆菌和支气管败血波氏杆菌共同感染后引起的,可导致猪的面部骨骼变形,主要体现在鼻甲骨发生萎缩和变形,使得猪生长缓慢,饲料转化率低,降低猪场经济效益。本次通过日照市岚山区某猪场发生疾病的实例,经过临床特点、病理变化、疾病诊断和防治方面的研究,最终确定病猪发生传染性萎缩性鼻炎,经治疗病猪已全部痊愈。希望通过对本病的分析探讨可以为广大猪场提供参考。 相似文献
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明建波 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2009,(6):82-82
猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎,是由产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌单独或与支气管败血波氏杆菌联合引起猪的一种慢性呼吸道传染病.其特征是生长迟缓、鼻炎、鼻甲骨萎缩和鼻变形. 相似文献
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仔猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎也叫慢性萎缩性鼻炎,是由支气管败血波氏杆菌为原发性感染和多杀性巴氏杆菌参与引起猪的一种慢性传染性呼吸道病.本病的特征为:鼻炎、鼻甲骨萎缩,颜面变形和生长缓慢. 相似文献
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猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由支气管败血性波氏杆菌和多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的,以鼻炎、鼻梁和鼻甲骨变形、萎缩,猪颜面部变形和生长迟缓为主要特征的慢性接触性传染病. 相似文献
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猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎,是由产毒性多杀性巴氏杆菌单独或与支气管败血波氏杆菌联合引起猪的一种慢性呼吸道传染病.其特征是生长迟缓、鼻炎、鼻甲骨萎缩和鼻变形. 相似文献
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鲍娟 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2013,(1):7-9
本试验基于T＋Pm产生皮肤坏死毒素的生物学活性，采用豚鼠皮肤坏死试验检测Pm分离物所产毒素的特征并进行病理组织学观察；针对猪萎缩性鼻炎Pm菌株的toxA基因选择不同引物，鉴别T＋Pm与T—Pm分离物。针对ToxA基因中的1230bp片段，将分离自有萎缩性鼻炎临床症状猪群的17株多杀性巴氏杆菌（Pasteurellamultocida，Pro）进行PCR扩增，其中4株Pm分离菌株确定为产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌（ToxingenicPasteurellamultoci da，T＋Pm），占23．53％（4／17）。本试验丰富了猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的基因资源，在猪萎缩性鼻炎的诊断、防制和净化上具有应用价值。 相似文献
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The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse. 相似文献
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The large intestine of 10 cows was examined from the right abdominal wall with a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. The cows were then slaughtered, and the organs were re-examined in a water bath. The caecum was visualised from the middle region of the abdominal wall. It ran caudo-cranially, varied in diameter from 5.2 to 18.0 cm and was situated immediately adjacent to the abdominal wall. The lateral wall of the caecum appeared as a thick, echogenic, crescent-shaped line. It could be visualised as far cranially as the 12th intercostal space. Although its junction could not be identified, the proximal ansa of the colon was recognised on the basis of its anatomical position and its diameter, which was smaller than that of the caecum. The spiral ansa of the colon and the descending colon were situated dorsal to the caecum and could be identified by moving the transducer horizontally along the abdominal wall to the last rib. The spiral ansa of the colon was situated ventral to the descending colon, and its walls appeared as thick echogenic lines. In a contracted state, the spiral colon had the appearance of a garland. 相似文献
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K Militzer 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,97(6):239-243
Ethological studies are important means to evaluate the behaviour of small laboratory animals (mouse, rat, guinea-pig and rabbit) and their housing conditions. At any rate, the only sparse range of body expressions, the smallness and preference of night activity of these animals and the erratic occurrence of essential behaviour patterns make the investigations more difficult. On the other hand, the standardization of laboratory housing and the genetic definition of these animals turn out to be favourable. By this way, behaviour-environment-relationships are suitable for evaluation. Taking into consideration methodical and biological restrictions, the specific activities such as fight, relaxed resting behaviour and play as well as unbalanced behaviour patterns and stereotypes can be taken as means of evaluation. Particularly in mice and rabbits, upright position and space consuming activities will be possibly restricted by cage sizes. 相似文献
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Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d. A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d. Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d. All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets. Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than .05) with age. Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d. Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than .05). Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than .05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than .05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight). Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than .05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C. Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than .01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C. Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning. In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Blood and urine samples of 180 dairy cows from 12 herds were examined. Sodium and potassium concentrations were determined in erythrocytes, whole blood, plasma, urine, and glucose concentration in blood: the interrelations were compared. Sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes were 85.15 +/- 11.45 mmol/l, and 25.93 +/- 7.81 mmol/l, respectively. A statistically significant relation was found between sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes (r = 0.3467+++) and the content of electrolyte in blood cells and in whole blood (Na: r = 0.5336+++; K: r = 0.3561+++). No statistically significant relation of intraerythrocyte concentration of both electrolytes was confirmed with respect to the other characteristics (sodium and potassium concentrations in plasma and urine, and glucose concentration in blood). In the conditions of routine laboratory diagnostics in clinically healthy cows, determinations of intraerythrocyte sodium and potassium do not broaden possibilities of evaluating the metabolic state of these electrolytes and cannot be used as the characteristics of energy insufficiency. The cannot replace the analyses performed in serum and urine. 相似文献
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本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。 相似文献
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The rate of flow of fluid from the caecum and from the large colon was measured in four Shetland-type ponies fed a hay diet. In two ponies with cannulas in the caecum and at the origin of the right ventral colon, a continuous intracaecal infusion of a solution of chromium EDTA was used and samples were obtained from the cannula at the origin of the right ventral colon. Based on four determinations, the liquid flow from the caecum was 54.2 +/- 1.89 litres d-1. In the other two ponies with cannulas in the origin of the right ventral colon and near the end of the right dorsal colon, a continuous infusion of chromium EDTA was made into the right ventral colon and samples were obtained from the right dorsal colon. The flow rate towards the end of the dorsal colon was 49.4 +/- 1.25 litres d-1, based on four determinations. The capacities of the caecum and large colon after death were 7.0 +/- 0.8 and 17.7 +/- 3.7 litres, respectively. 相似文献
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L R Whalen T L Spurgeon R E Carsten D H Gould 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(5):1063-1070
The maximal conduction velocities of compound-action potentials in the proximal and distal parts of the saphenous nerve were determined by averaging potentials evoked and recorded through needle electrodes. Antidromic, triphasic compound-action potentials unipolarly recorded from the distal part of the saphenous nerve were of the same minimal latency as potentials having 4 phases which were recorded bipolarly from the same site. However, the unipolarly recorded potentials were of greater amplitude. Monophasic compound-action potentials were recorded through bipolar chlorided silver electrodes from the surface of fascicles of the distal part of the saphenous nerve. The maximal conduction velocity of these potentials was in agreement with the conduction velocity of compound-action potentials of the distal part of the saphenous nerve which were evoked and recorded through subcutaneous needle electrodes. The specificities of the stimulating and recording sites were verified by recording before and after the saphenous nerve was cut between the stimulating and recording sites. Mean conduction velocities were 62.3 +/- 2.0 m/s for the distal part of the saphenous nerve and 66.3 +/- 2.2 m/s for the proximal part of the saphenous nerve. Reflex-evoked muscle activity was elicited in the ipsilateral tensor muscle of the fascia lata and semimembranous muscle after electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve through subcutaneous needle electrodes. The effects of various stimulus intensities on the latency and duration of these reflex-evoked muscle potentials were determined. 相似文献