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在水温(18±0.5)℃下,利用生物化学方法测定施氏鲟Acipenserinae schrenkii胚胎发育过程中微量元素的含量,分析胚胎发育进程与微量元素含量的关系,为稚、幼鱼及亲鱼培育的营养需求量和饲料配制提供参考。结果显示:胚胎发育过程中,Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn含量的变化规律与代谢高峰期各不同。Fe含量呈先降低-升高的变化趋势,孵出期最高(18.12mg/kg);Mn含量先降低后升高,受精卵期含量最高(1.04mg/kg);Cu含量的高峰期分别为卵黄栓期、心搏期、孵化早期和孵出期,含量分别为1.66mg/kg、1.95mg/kg、1.83mg/kg和1.93mg/kg;卵裂期Zn含量最高(10.86mg/kg);视泡期微量元素的含量最低。 相似文献
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首次对革丽靬金鳟肌肉中的微量元素进行了测定分析,结果表明,革丽靬金鳟肌肉中Cu、Mn、Fe、Zn和Se五种微量元素的含量分别为2.381±0.605mg/L、1.067±0.461mg/L、15.465±4.822mg/L,11.127±1.289mg/L和0.095±0.017mg/L,并通过与大麻哈鱼以及草鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼等常规养殖品种的相应成分比较,说明革丽靬金鳟是一种微量元素含量丰富、营养价值更高的鱼类。 相似文献
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为评估不同壳色长牡蛎金属元素价值,实采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)和近红外(NIR)分析模型对5种壳色(壳黑、壳紫、壳橙、壳金和壳白)长牡蛎4个组织(外套膜、鳃、闭壳肌和性腺—内脏团)中的Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn和Se元素含量进行检测分析,并比较与对照群体金属元素含量的差异以及5种壳色长牡蛎各组织间含量的差异。结果发现,在外套膜中,壳紫、壳橙和壳黑长牡蛎中Zn含量显著高于对照群体,壳紫长牡蛎Cu含量显著高于壳金和对照群体,壳金长牡蛎Mn含量显著高于壳紫和壳黑长牡蛎,其他元素在各群体中含量无显著差异;在鳃中,壳金长牡蛎Mn含量显著高于壳黑和对照群体,其他组份在6个群体无显著性差异;在闭壳肌中,壳橙和壳紫长牡蛎Zn的含量显著高于对照群体,其他组份在各群体中差异不显著;在性腺—内脏团中,壳橙长牡蛎Zn和Mn含量均显著高于对照群体,且Cu的含量显著高于壳金长牡蛎,其他元素在6个群体中含量无显著性差异。4个组织中各金属元素含量差异显著,其中闭壳肌内各金属元素含量显著低于鳃、外套膜和性腺—内脏团。研究表明,不同壳色长牡蛎之间以及不同壳色与对照群体之间在部分金属元素含量上已表现出分化,这为长牡蛎壳色新品系选育提供了重要的基础资料。 相似文献
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利用原子吸收法对海州湾养殖池塘内成体青蛤体5种组织(斧足、外套膜、闭壳肌、鳃和肝胰腺)中的6种重金属(Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu和Zn)含量进行了测定,并与相关的标准进行比较,作出安全评估.试验结果表明,斧足和肝胰腺是青蛤重金属选择性富集的主要器官,肝胰腺中Ni、Zn、Cu、Cr的相对含量最高,分别为11.756、110.970、16.931 μg/g和11.772μg/g,与其余组织均差异显著(P＜0.05);而Cd、Cr、Ni和Cu在斧足中的含量最低.青蛤对重金属选择性积累最多的重金属为Zn,5种组织内高达77.856～110.970μg/g,其次为Cu,含量为0.100～16.931μg/g,而Cd的含量最低(0.058～0.229μg/g).用单因子指数法对海州湾养殖青蛤成体进行了污染状况评价,发现Ni为青蛤体内主要的重金属污染物,污染指数为1.55～8.91,其他重金属污染程度较轻或均未超标. 相似文献
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取黄鳝鱼肌肉和内脏,经干燥、恒重、硝酸处理后,用火焰原子吸收光谱法,测定其中的Zn(锌)、Cu(铜)、Pb(铅)和Cd(镉)的含量(半干重μg/g).结果表明:这四种微量元素,Zn在黄鳝鱼体多数器官中的含量排序为最高,其含量范围为46.91～247.43μg/g;Cu为6.87～136.0μg/g.Zn与Cu以分布在黄鳝鱼的肝脏、肾脏及肌肉中含量较高;Pb与Cd只是在消化器官的肠与胆囊中有吸光值,其胆囊中的Pb换算的含量值较高,为295.38μg/g.Pb与Cd为重金属污染物,在黄鳝鱼体中出现并有一定的含量,由于黄鳝鱼为底层鱼类,不排除Pb与Cd在水底有沉积,可能是引起底层膳食生物及水环境污染的因素. 相似文献
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对我国几种传统海洋药用动物中重金属元素的含量进行了测定,并对同产地的陆生药用动物蛤蚧进行比较研究,其中Hg和As利用原子荧光光度计测定,Pb、Cd、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn利用原子吸收光度计测定,样品采用微波消解仪消解。结果表明:海钱、海蛇、海马、海星的镉含量较高,海燕、海马、海星的铅含量较高,除个别样品微量元素未检出外,样品中Fe、Mn、Zn的含量相对较高。最后对金属元素含量较高的原因及对所含微量元素的食用安全性和营养学评价进行了探讨。 相似文献
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养殖澳洲银鲈肌肉营养成分测定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用常规分析方法测定了工厂化养殖的澳洲银鲈(B idyanus bidyanus)的肌肉营养成分。结果显示,澳洲银鲈肌肉干物质中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别为85.80%、9.82%。100 g肌肉中8种常规矿物元素含量分别为Ca16 mg、Mn 0.02 mg、Zn 0.5 mg、Cu 0.02 mg、K 371 mg、Na 27 mg、Mg 27 mg、Fe 0.6 mg;氨基酸含量为18.69 mg,其中必需氨基酸含量为7.5 mg;脂肪酸含量为10.2 mg,其中饱和脂肪酸3.62 mg,不饱和脂肪酸6.58 mg。 相似文献
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两种罗非鱼的营养成分研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以吉富罗非鱼和奥尼罗非鱼为研究对象,通过电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪检测其体内微量元素,我们发现奥尼和吉富罗非鱼肌肉中微量元素含量比较丰富且含量差异不明显。其中鱼类的必需微量元素含有八种,分别为Cu、Zn、Fe、Ni、Mn、Cr、Co、Mo。奥尼罗非鱼肌肉中Zn的含量最高。达0．744mg／L,而吉富罗非鱼肌肉中Fe的含量最高,达0．807mg／L。另外通过氨基酸自动分析仪分析检测其体内氨基酸组分并对其营养价值进行了分析评价。结果表明：两种罗非鱼样品均检测出17种氨基酸。干物质水解氨基酸总量分别为82．4％,86．61％。其中7种人体必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量分别为42．44％、46．61％（盐酸水解法）;4种呈味氨基酸含量丰富且占氨基酸总量分别为37．99％、36．82％。 相似文献
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《畜禽业》2020,(9)
目的探明三江牛牛肉中的微量元素组成情况及安全性。方法抽取了放牧加饲养的三江牛共23头,屠宰后收集了肌肉样品46份,采用ICP-OES法检测了常见的微量元素含量并进行统计分析。结果共检出了15种微量元素,其中Fe和Zn含量最高,分别为36.73 mg/kg、30.05 mg/kg;检出了As、Pb、Cd 3种重金属元素,其含量分别为0.04 mg/kg、0.06 mg/kg和0.05 mg/kg,未超过安全限值;三江牛肉品中Fe和Cu的含量均远高于云岭牛、婆罗门牛、中甸牦牛、凉山黄牛,而Zn含量略低于云岭牛、婆罗门牛和中甸牦牛3种牛。结论三江牛肉富含微量元素,是值得推广的优质牛肉。 相似文献
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Mineral contents of the muscle tissue and the digestive gland of Octopus vulgaris during short‐term starvation 
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下载免费PDF全文 We used spectrometry to study variation in the contents of minor (B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) and major essential elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na and P) in the muscle tissue and digestive glands of Octopus vulgaris after 1, 2, 4 or 8 days of starvation and in fed controls. The contents of the major essential elements remained constant during 8 days of starvation. Na was the principal element found in both tissues, followed by K, P and Mg. The contents of the minor essential elements were higher in the digestive gland than in the muscle tissue, with increased contents of Fe, Mn and Zn (p < .05) during starvation, confirming the high capacity of this organ to accumulate trace minerals. In muscle tissues, B, Fe and Mn contents were lower and Cu and Zn contents higher, in starved animals than in fed animals (p < .05). Significant negative correlations between the digestive gland index and the contents of Cu, Fe and Zn suggested that the loss of weight of the digestive gland during starvation is responsible for this increase in mineral concentration. This and further information on variation in mineral content will help to optimize performance of diets formulated for the octopus. 相似文献
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Growth, haemoglobin and element status were compared in Atlantic salmon fed a practical fish-meal based diet, unsupplemented or supplemented with a mixture of the elements zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) from first feeding (weight 0.20 g). The diets were fed to triplicate groups of fish from weeks 1–20 and to duplicates from weeks 21–34. The basal diet (Diet 1) was not supplemented and contained 67 mg Zn, 106 mg Fe, 4.7 mg Mn and 3.7 mg Cu kg–1 . Diet 2 was supplemented with 68 mg Zn, 34 mg Fe, 13 mg Mn and 3.5 mg Cu kg–1 . Iron was not added to Diet 3.
Mean weight and mortality did not differ among the groups at any sampling point. Whole-body Zn and Mn responded to dietary concentration at all sampling points. Plasma and vertebrae Zn concentrations responded significantly to dietary Zn concentration. There were no effects with Fe. The Fe status of the fish, assessed by whole-body and liver Fe concentrations, was low in all groups. No effect of supplementation was found for Cu and no accurate judgement either of status or requirement could be made from the present results.
It is concluded that supplementing fish-meal based start feeds for Atlantic salmon with Zn, Mn and Fe is appropriate, while further studies are needed for the evaluation of Cu supplementation. The supplementation levels used in the present experiment appeared to meet the requirements for Zn and Mn, while the supplemented level of Fe appeared to be too low. Deleting Fe from the element mixture did not significantly affect Fe status or that of Zn, Mn and Cu.
There was an accumulation of Zn and Fe with growth. Cu remained constant and there was a trend towards reduced Mn in the fish given the unsupplemented diet. 相似文献
Mean weight and mortality did not differ among the groups at any sampling point. Whole-body Zn and Mn responded to dietary concentration at all sampling points. Plasma and vertebrae Zn concentrations responded significantly to dietary Zn concentration. There were no effects with Fe. The Fe status of the fish, assessed by whole-body and liver Fe concentrations, was low in all groups. No effect of supplementation was found for Cu and no accurate judgement either of status or requirement could be made from the present results.
It is concluded that supplementing fish-meal based start feeds for Atlantic salmon with Zn, Mn and Fe is appropriate, while further studies are needed for the evaluation of Cu supplementation. The supplementation levels used in the present experiment appeared to meet the requirements for Zn and Mn, while the supplemented level of Fe appeared to be too low. Deleting Fe from the element mixture did not significantly affect Fe status or that of Zn, Mn and Cu.
There was an accumulation of Zn and Fe with growth. Cu remained constant and there was a trend towards reduced Mn in the fish given the unsupplemented diet. 相似文献
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The concentrations of 14 mineral elements (Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb), together with pH, moisture, ash and NaCl content, were determined in 38 feeds commonly available in Europe for trout (starter, fingerling, grower, brood), salmon (starter, fingerling, grower), eel (grower), and larval fishes.Large differences in the mineral composition, particularly the trace elements Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co and Pb, exist within and between the different feed categories tested. The results obtained are discussed in the context of available information on the dietary mineral requirements of these fish species. 相似文献
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Evaluating dietary supply of microminerals as a premix in a complete plant ingredient‐based diet to juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 P. Antony Jesu Prabhu J.W. Schrama S. Fontagné‐Dicharry C. Mariojouls A. Surget M. Bueno I. Geurden S.J. Kaushik 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(1):539-547
Two basal diets M0 and V0 were formulated with marine and plant based ingredient composition. Seven experimental diets were prepared from the two basal diets namely M0, M100, V0, V30, V60, V100 and V150 by incorporating different levels of a micromineral premix (Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn). Triplicate groups of rainbow trout (initial weight: 20 g) reared at 17°C were fed one of each diet to apparent visual satiation over 12 weeks. Among the V diet fed fish, growth and feed intake exhibited maximal response at V60 level of premix inclusion; Apparent availability coefficient of Fe, Cu and Zn decreased linearly with increasing level of premix whereas apparent availability coefficient of Mn and Se was unaffected. The available dietary concentration in basal V0 diet was for Fe, 20.6; Cu, 2.8; Mn, 6.5; Zn, 17.3 and Se, 0.195 (in mg/kg DM) and in the M0 diet for Fe, 63.3; Cu, 5.2; Mn, 2.9; Zn, 35.2 and Se, 0.87 (in mg/kg DM). In reference to NRC (Nutrient requirements of fish and shrimp. Washington, DC: National Research Council, The National Academies Press, 2011) recommendations, the V0 basal diet accounted for 34.3%, 92.9%, 53.9%, 115% and 130.2% and the contribution from M0 diet for 105.5%, 173.3%, 24.2%, 234.7% and 580% of the minimal dietary inclusion levels of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Se to rainbow trout, respectively. However, data on whole body mineral contents showed that normal levels were maintained only for Cu and Mn through supply from basal V0 diet. For Zn and Se, available supply even from the highest supplemented diet (V150) was not sufficient to maintain normal body mineral levels of rainbow trout in the present study. On the whole, optimal dietary inclusion levels of microminerals are altered while using fishmeal‐free diets for rainbow trout. 相似文献
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人工养殖史氏鲟畸形原因探讨 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
采用原子吸收分光光度法,对骨骼畸形和体型正常的人工养殖史氏鲟脊椎、骨板、鳍条、鳃、肝脏、肾脏、肌肉中锰、铜、铁、镉、铅、锌等的含量进行了检测,并对其分布和积累规律进行了研究。结果表明,畸形和正常史氏鲟身体各部位中重金属的含量无显著性差异(P>0.05),重金属积累不是造成人工养殖史氏鲟畸形的主要原因。畸形和正常人工养殖史氏鲟体内重金属的分布和积累规律基本一致,锰和铅主要分布在脊椎、骨板、鳍条和鳃等骨化组织中;铁和铜在体内主要蓄积在肝脏中;锌和镉在体内的分布较均匀。 相似文献