共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
禾本科种子收获后的残茬管理对次年的种子产量非常重要。研究了刈割残茬时间和留茬高度对新麦草 Psathyrostachys juncea次年种子产量和产量构成的影响。结果表明：不同刈割残茬时间和不同留茬高度显著影响单位面积生殖枝数和种子产量（P<0.05）。其中,收获后立即刈割处理和齐地刈割处理获得了最高的生殖枝数和种子产量。不同刈割残茬时间和留茬高度处理对生殖枝小穗数、小穗小花数、小穗种子数和千粒重影响不显著（P<0.05）。相关分析表明,在留茬高度处理和刈割时间处理条件下,新麦草的单位面积生殖枝数与种子产量之间存在显著的正相关关系（P<0.05)。 相似文献
2.
刈割是羊草草地一种常见的利用方式,为探究不同物候期刈割对羊草再生和产量的影响程度,分别设置了对照组(CON)和刈割组。刈割组包括拔节期刈割(ES)、抽穗期刈割(HS)和开花期刈割(FS)。对照组不刈割,8月15日收获;刈割组起始刈割后,8月15日收获。结果表明,与对照相比,HS和FS刈割处理增加了(P<0.05)羊草干物质(DM)总产量而ES刈割处理则降低了(P<0.05)DM总产量。此外,所有处理均提高了(P<0.05)羊草的粗蛋白总产量。不同物候期刈割羊草的再生过程是不同的,ES处理羊草细根长、根表面积和体积最低。FS处理羊草再生后期净光合速率高于其余处理(P<0.05),导致其后期再生效率较高,但根中水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量最低(P<0.05)。HS和CON处理在羊草根形态和WSC含量上则无显著差异。尽管不同物候期刈割后羊草的再生过程不同,但其再生产量是接近的,特别是ES和HS处理,这是因为较长的再生周期被较低的再生效率所抵消,因此,总DM累积量主要由刈割前的DM来决定。综上所述,应在抽穗期进行刈割,能提高羊草产量并保持其持久性。 相似文献
3.
饲喂牧草应注意的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韩金枝 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2003,24(6):36-37
1以刈割舍饲为主种草养畜应以刈割舍饲为主,最好不要放牧。刈割舍饲可以减轻对草地的破坏,保护生态环境。刈割舍饲还可以控制留茬高度,促进牧草再生,增加牧草产量。同时牲畜舍饲可比放牧减少维持营养需要15%～50%,提高养殖效益。2适时收获、合理利用牧草的营养价值和产量与收获 相似文献
4.
车前(Plantago asiatica)饲用品质高,能提高反刍动物的蛋白利用率。为此在黄土高原开展两年的田间试验,研究长叶车前(P.lanceolata)在多次刈割(模拟轮牧)和一次刈割(收获干草)两种利用方式下牧草产量和营养品质。结果表明:多次刈割下粗蛋白和粗脂肪的含量和产量均高于一次刈割,而中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的含量和产量均低于一次刈割(P<0.05)。多次刈割的车前产草量随着生长时间的延长和≥0℃积温增加呈上升趋势,而粗蛋白、粗脂肪等含量呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。利用生长时间和≥0℃积温,建立了预测长叶车前品质和产量的线性和Logistic模型,≥0℃积温2069~2984℃是长叶车前产量和品质形成较为关键的时期,研究区对应的生长时间为102~161 d。研究结果可为黄土高原栽培草地的管理和利用提供理论依据。 相似文献
5.
试验旨在确定辽宁地区苜蓿干草最适收获条件。试验以“康赛”紫花苜蓿为试验材料，测定不同刈割期、刈割次数和留茬高度对苜蓿干草产量、品质及越冬的影响。结果表明，随着刈割期推迟，苜蓿的营养品质明显下降，干草产量明显增加（P<0.05）。随着刈割次数增加，苜蓿的干草产量和越冬率变化不显著（P>0.05）。留茬高度越高，第三茬苜蓿的营养成分、越冬率显著提高（P<0.05），干草产量显著下降（P<0.05）。研究表明，辽宁地区苜蓿干草初花期收获最佳，全年刈割3次较为合理，留茬高度5～8 cm，末次刈割留茬高度10～13 cm为宜。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
为探讨甘薯饲用高产栽培利用技术,进行了不同种植密度、刈割茬次对秧蔓和块根产量影响试验。结果表明:密植饲用甘薯比对照组干物质产量提高125.7%,刈割3、4茬,分别比对照组提高39.2%和43.0%(P<0.01);若蔓块兼顾,以刈割4茬最佳。 相似文献
9.
为探讨饲用甘薯栽培利用技术,进行了不同种植密度、刈割茬次对秧蔓和块根产量影响试验,结果表明：密植饲用甘薯比对照组干物质产量提高125.7%,刈割3、4茬,分别比对照组提高39.2%和43.0%（P〈0.01）;若蔓块兼顾,以刈割3～4茬最佳。 相似文献
10.
为了掌握光敏型高丹草(Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense)在不同种植和收割方式下的经济效益,在陇东旱塬麦茬后用3种穴播方式(免耕露地、翻耕露地和翻耕覆膜)复种了3个光敏型高丹草品种(海牛、BJM和大卡),测定了各处理下刈割一茬和两茬的草产量,并比较分析了总投入、总收入、纯收益和产投比。结果表明,两种收割方式下,总收入、纯收益和产投比的穴播方式主效均呈显著差异(P0.05),且均以翻耕覆膜最高;品种和穴播方式互作不明显;刈割两茬,品种主效无显著差异,均以海牛最高;刈割一茬,品种主效有显著差异(P0.05),均以BJM最高。人工作业与机械作业相比:3种穴播方式的总投入在采用机械作业时均较人工作业低,机械作业的纯收益和产投比均较人工作业的高。刈割一茬和刈割两茬相比:刈割一茬的总收入、纯收益和产投比均明显高于刈割两茬。从经济效益的角度考虑,陇东旱塬地区麦茬后夏播高丹草的生产模式中,以选择BJM品种采用翻耕覆膜穴播,并利用机械刈割一茬(早霜前1周刈割)的生产方式经济效益为最优。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
18.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献