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洪湖碘泡虫PCR检测方法的建立与初步应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为建立一种灵敏、特异的快速检测异育银鲫寄生洪湖碘泡虫(Myxobolus honghuensis)的方法,本研究根据洪湖碘泡虫ITS-5.8S r DNA基因序列筛选出一对特异性引物Mh F/R,建立PCR检测方法,对反应条件进行优化,并通过特异性试验、灵敏性试验与临床检测验证其可行性。结果显示,建立的PCR检测方法能特异性扩增洪湖碘泡虫相应的基因片段,长度为479 bp,而对试验中其他9种粘孢子虫的扩增结果均为阴性;最低能检测0.1 pg的虫体基因组DNA。通过临床样品检测,PCR方法比显微镜检测的检出率提高了19.5%。结果表明,该PCR方法特异、灵敏,适用于洪湖碘泡虫的快速检测。 相似文献
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为探究严重危害养殖异育银鲫“喉孢子虫病”病原的宿主范围以及不同宿主寄生虫株间的遗传差异,本研究广泛采集了金鱼、红鲫、异育银鲫、彭泽鲫、方正银鲫、淇河鲫、金背鲫等我国常见鲫复合种样品,采用18S rDNA PCR检测了各样品伪鳃的洪湖碘泡虫感染率,并进一步通过巢式PCR克隆测序获得部分样品洪湖碘泡虫的ITS2序列。PCR检测结果发现来自7个地区8种鲫属鱼类品系都存在洪湖碘泡虫的隐性感染,感染率为25.0 % ~ 88.2 %;ITS2序列分析表明感染鲫复合种的洪湖碘泡虫株系间序列差异较低,所获得的序列间仅有6个差异信息位点,平均遗传距离为0.003;不同来源虫株间共存在7种单倍型, 其中H1、H2和H3只出现在金鱼、红鲫寄生虫株,H5广泛存在不同来源的异育银鲫寄生虫株。系统发育分析显示,来自不同鲫复合种的洪湖碘泡虫聚集为2个分支,其中寄生金鱼的虫株与瓶囊碘泡虫亲缘关系较近。本研究结果为阐明异育银鲫“喉孢子虫病”的流行病学规律和防控疾病发生提供重要基础数据。 相似文献
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洪湖碘泡虫(Myxobolus honghuensis)是引起异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch)“喉孢子病”的重要病原, 每年导致养殖苗种和成鱼大量死亡。本研究通过隐性感染异育银鲫母本人工受精、实验室条件下受精卵孵化和幼鱼培育, 采用单管半巢式 PCR、荧光定量 PCR 和寡核苷酸荧光原位杂交等检测手段进行亲本、卵和幼鱼等环节的检测分析, 探究异育银鲫寄生洪湖碘泡虫是否存在经卵传播途径。结果表明, 所采用的 34 尾异育银鲫母本(A1~A22, B1~B12)的洪湖碘泡虫隐性感染率达 50%~75%, 其中, 卵和伪鳃检出率高于卵巢组织样品; 特异性寡核苷酸探针荧光原位杂交在隐性感染母本的卵巢、伪鳃、肾、脾组织检测到洪湖碘泡虫前孢子生成阶段营养体; 实验室条件下阳性母本所产的卵经孵化和培育出的幼鱼 15 dph 和 30 dph 样品可以检出阳性(A1、A18、B8 和 B9); 荧光原位杂交显示 15 dph 幼鱼在伪鳃、鳃和肾脏组织检测出阳性信号。本研究进一步揭示了异育银鲫寄生洪湖碘泡虫存在经鱼卵传播途径; 研究结果可为相关疾病制定防控措施奠定重要的理论基础。 相似文献
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为探究洪湖碘泡虫在被感染异育银鲫不同组织器官中的分布及不同感染阶段的差异，实验采用显微镜镜检、PCR检测及组织病理切片相结合手段，对发病及隐性感染异育银鲫的肌肉、伪鳃、鳃、头肾等11个组织器官进行了广泛检测分析。显微镜镜检发现，在发病鱼的咽、伪鳃和鳃能观察到孢囊或成熟孢子；在隐性感染异育银鲫的咽上壁与副蝶骨间结缔组织、伪鳃及其血管周边观察到大量棕黄色结节，并含有洪湖碘泡虫的成熟孢子。不同组织器官DNA样品PCR检测发现，在发病鱼除肌肉外的其他10个组织器官中均检测到洪湖碘泡虫存在，其中伪鳃检出率最高(100%)；隐性感染异育银鲫在咽上壁组织、伪鳃、头肾、体肾、脾脏及卵巢中检出洪湖碘泡虫，伪鳃检出率也为最高(26.7%)。组织病理切片显示，发病鱼咽上壁内分布着大量蜂巢状孢囊及成熟孢子，伪鳃被严重侵占和破坏；残存伪鳃鳃丝周边能观察到增殖和发育阶段的孢子生成细胞。综上所述，本研究首次报道了洪湖碘泡虫在发病和隐性感染异育银鲫不同组织器官中的分布差异，发现伪鳃可能是洪湖碘泡虫寄生和发育成熟的重要器官。结果为洪湖碘泡虫病的准确检验检疫和进一步开展致病机制研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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为了阐明洪湖碘泡虫(Myxobolus honghuensis)在隐性感染异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio, Bloch)不同组织器官中的分布情况, 本研究采集曾发生过喉孢子虫病养殖池塘的 2 龄健康异育银鲫的鳃(丝)、伪鳃、中肾、头肾、 肌肉、脾脏、肝脏、卵巢、血液等 9 个组织器官, 采用荧光定量 PCR 检测分析了不同组织器官的感染率和相对感染强度。结果显示, 所采集的 30 尾异育银鲫都没有明显临床症状, 但鱼体的洪湖碘泡虫感染率为 100%, 均为隐性感染个体; 各组织器官间的感染率存在较大差异, 除肌肉未检出外, 感染率从高到低依次为: 伪鳃(100.0%)、卵巢 (83.3%)、鳃(73.3%)、脾脏(70.0%)、中肾(36.7%)、头肾(23.3%)、肝脏(10.0%)、血液(6.7%)、肌肉(0)。不同组织器官的相对感染强度由高到低依次为: 伪鳃(14.4349±70.0529)、卵巢(0.9556±1.5627)、脾脏(0.3644±0.7854)、鳃 (0.3339±0.2682)、头肾(0.2722±0.3761)、中肾(0.0379±0.1055)、肝脏(0.0019±0.0022)、血液(0.0012±0.0011)。研究表明, 洪湖碘泡虫可系统感染异育银鲫多个组织器官, 其中, 伪鳃感染率和感染强度最高, 可以作为该病早期检测和疫病监测的首选组织器官。 相似文献
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为了完善瓶囊碘泡虫的分类学特征及厘清其与洪湖碘泡虫的分类关系,实验采用形态学、组织学和分子生物学方法对瓶囊碘泡虫进行了重描述,并与洪湖碘泡虫的分子标记进行了系统比较。结果显示,瓶囊碘泡虫寄生于异育银鲫的鳃,形成乳白色的圆形或椭圆形孢囊,直径为1.2～1.4 mm。成熟孢子壳面观呈梨形,前端较尖,后端钝圆,孢子长17.3～19.6 μm,孢子宽7.4～9.9 μm。两个极囊呈瓶状,大小不等。大极囊长6.4～9.7 μm,大极囊宽2.1～3.3 μm;小极囊长5.3～8.9 μm,小极囊宽2.0～3.3 μm。极丝圈数为8～11圈。组织学分析显示,瓶囊碘泡虫寄生于鳃小片间的上皮组织。BLAST分析显示,本研究获得的瓶囊碘泡虫的SSU rDNA序列与GenBank中瓶囊碘泡虫序列的相似性为99.5%～99.8% （KC425223-KC425225,MH329620,JQ690361,JQ690373,KJ725082,MN227351,DQ339482）。系统发育分析表明,瓶囊碘泡虫与洪湖碘泡虫形成姐妹支。瓶囊碘泡虫与洪湖碘泡虫分子标记序列的比较显示,这两种碘泡虫的序列相似性为98.2%～98.8% ,遗传距离为0.014～0.018,存在27个碱基差异。SSU rRNA二级结构分析显示,瓶囊碘泡虫和洪湖碘泡虫不同群体间的二级结构一致,两个物种间的二级结构存在明显差异,表明SSU rRNA二级结构可以作为鉴别瓶囊碘泡虫和洪湖碘泡虫的分子特征。本研究完善了瓶囊碘泡虫在异育银鲫鳃部的详细寄生部位,提出SSU rRNA二级结构可以作为有效鉴别瓶囊碘泡虫和洪湖碘泡虫的分子标记。 相似文献
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根据偷死野田村病毒(CMNV)的保守基因序列,设计筛选出1对特异性引物CMN279,利用已公布的凡纳滨对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)和传染性皮下及造血器官坏死病毒(IHHNV)特异性引物WSS235和IHHN356,建立了一种同时检测WSSV、IHHNV和CMNV的多重PCR检测方法。收集18种病原、健康对虾组织及WSSV、IHHNV、CMNV阳性病料,开展特异性测试,该方法可以特异性扩增出WSSV、IHHNV、CMNV基因片段,健康对虾肌肉组织、其他18种病原均未扩增出任何片段,特异性强。应用克隆方法制备目的基因质粒,应用连续稀释质粒方法开展灵敏度测试,测定该方法检测灵敏度分别为WSSV 9.74fg、IHHNV7.65fg、CMNV 10fg;与已报道的多重PCR检测灵敏度相比较,检测灵敏度提高10倍。应用本研究建立的多重PCR检测方法与实验室标准检验方法同时进行22个样品检验,多重PCR检验方法的检验结果与实验室标准方法检验结果符合率为100%。上述实验结果表明:本研究建立的多重PCR检验方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高、检验时间短、检验结果准确度高的特点,可用于WSSV、IHHNV和CMNV三种病原的快速检测诊断。 相似文献
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近年来，虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei,EHP)流行区域不断扩大，已经成为我国南美白对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖重要病原之一。本研究根据Gen Bank中虾肝肠胞虫18S r RNA保守区域设计一套特异性引物和荧光探针，通过优化反应条件，建立检测EHP的TaqMan探针实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,qPCR)检测方法。建立的方法呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.998)，灵敏度是巢式PCR的10倍。特异性试验表明：检测其他常见病原均为阴性，特异性好；重复性试验显示：批内批间变异系数均小于1.5%，重复性良好；对临床样品检测，与巢式PCR的符合率为97.81%。使用该方法对中山市、江门市和珠海市珠三角部分地区南美白对虾开展EHP流行病学调查，其中虾苗检出率为10.75%，成虾检出率为54.07%，部分区域检出率较高，要防范爆发风险。本研究建立的实时荧光定量PCR灵敏度高、特异性和重复性良好，具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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根据派琴虫的基因保守序列设计了特异性引物,对派琴虫的DNA进行PCR扩增并将产物克隆到pMD18-T载体后测序.结果表明,扩增大小为596bp,与预期扩增序列同源性为99.8%.该PCR方法检测灵敏度高,最低可检测1pg的派琴虫DNA;特异性强,对荧光假单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌、大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌、副溶血孤菌、沙门氏菌、诺瓦克样病毒等贝类病原体的扩增均为阴性.用该PCR技术对广西沿海的104份牡蛎、49份贻贝和20份文蛤病料进行检测,阳性率分别为14.6%、10.6%和15.0%.结果显示,派琴虫广泛存在于中国南方沿海的养殖贝类中,建立的PCR方法可用于贝类派琴虫的临床快速检测. 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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