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1.
为研究大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼对泛酸的最适需求量,在基础配方中添加不同梯度的泛酸钙,制成6组泛酸含量分别为6.24、10.64、15.02、23.81、41.40和76.57 mg/kg等氮等能实验饲料,投喂初始体重为(24.73±0.10) g的大菱鲆幼鱼80 d。结果显示：1)泛酸对幼鱼成活率(SR)无显著影响(P>0.05),10.64~76.57 mg/kg饲料组增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)显著提高(P< 0.05);泛酸含量超过23.81 mg/kg时,肝体比(HSI)显著降低(P<0.05);2)随着饲料中泛酸含量的提高,全鱼粗蛋白、粗脂肪和肌肉粗蛋白均呈先升后降趋势,肝脏脂肪含量显著下降(P<0.05);3)肠道消化酶、Na+, K+-ATPase和肝脏胆碱酯酶(ChE)活力随泛酸添加量的增加呈先上升后下降趋势,10.64~76.57 mg/kg饲料组肠道肌酸激酶(CK)活力显著提高(P<0.05);4)血清、肝脏中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力均呈先升后降趋势;6.24 mg/kg饲料组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于其他5组(P<0.05);5)随泛酸含量的增加,肝脏脂肪合成酶(FAS)基因表达量先升后降,脂蛋白酯酶(LPL)基因表达量显著上升(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲料中添加适宜的泛酸能显著增强大菱鲆幼鱼肠道消化、吸收能力和机体抗氧化能力,并可提高脂肪代谢相关基因的表达水平,从而提高其生长性能。以增重率为判据,经折线模型拟合得出,初体重为24.73 g的大菱鲆幼鱼对泛酸的需求量为16.08 mg/kg饲料。 相似文献
2.
为评价饲料中添加不同水平的姜黄素对杂交鲟(Acipenserbaeri♂×Acipenserschrenckii♀)幼鱼生长和形体指标、血清生化、代谢酶活性、抗氧化功能和肠道结构的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.025 g/kg、0.05 g/kg、0.1 g/kg和0.2 g/kg的姜黄素配制成5种饲料,投喂初始体重(16.24±0.11) g的杂交鲟幼鱼。实验分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。结果显示:饲料中添加姜黄素对杂交鲟幼鱼生长没有产生显著影响。血清总胆固醇(TG)含量在姜黄素添加量为0.2 g/kg时显著降低(P<0.05)。肝谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性在0.05 g/kg姜黄素组明显降低,谷草转氨酶(AST)活性在0.05 g/kg、0.1 g/kg、0.2 g/kg添加量时活性显著降低(P<0.05)。十二指肠蛋白酶和淀粉酶分别在0.05g/kg和0.1g/kg姜黄素组活性显著升高(P<0.05)。血清丙二醛(MDA)含量在0.025g/kg时显著降低(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在0.025g/kg时显著高于对照组(P<... 相似文献
3.
还原型谷胱甘肽对大菱鲆生长及抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在基础饲料中添加不同剂量的还原型谷胱甘肽,添加量分别为0、100、200、400、600 mg/kg,投喂初始体质量为(23.08±0.09) g的大菱鲆,8周后测定还原型谷胱甘肽对大菱鲆生长及抗氧化能力的影响。试验结果表明,饲料中还原型谷胱甘肽添加量为200 mg/kg时,大菱鲆的质量增加率和特定生长率显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。饲料中添加还原型谷胱甘肽对大菱鲆肝脏中丙二醛含量、总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力均无显著影响(P>0.05)。随着还原型谷胱甘肽添加量的增加,大菱鲆肝脏中丙二醛含量呈先降后升的趋势,对照组最高,200 mg/kg试验组最低;大菱鲆肝脏中总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶活力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力均呈先升后降的趋势,200 mg/kg试验组最高。200 mg/kg试验组和400 mg/kg试验组大菱鲆肝脏中还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。200 mg/kg试验组大菱鲆肝脏中谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活力和谷胱甘肽还原酶活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。根据回归分析,确定大菱鲆饲料中还原型谷胱甘肽的最适添加量为189.70 mg/kg。 相似文献
4.
饲料中添加核苷酸对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长、组织生化组成及非特异性免疫功能的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
选用960尾初始体重为(0.43?0.01) g 的凡纳滨对虾,随机分为8组,分别投喂基础饲料和7种添加核苷酸混合物(mix-NT)的试验饲料,5种核苷酸(5′-腺苷酸∶5′-胞苷酸∶5′-尿苷酸二钠∶5′-肌苷酸二钠∶5′-鸟苷酸二钠)按照质量比为1∶1∶1∶1∶1(W/W)混合,添加量分别为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0和1.2 g/kg 饲料,试验周期为5周。结果显示,当mixNT添加量为0.4 g/kg饲料时,凡纳滨对虾的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和摄食量(FI)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数(FCR)比对照组降低5.5%(P>0.05)。0.6和1.0 g/kg mix-NT添加组的蛋白质沉积率(PDR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组对虾存活率(SR)和肝胰指数(HSI)均不同程度的高于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料中添加mix-NT对全虾粗脂肪、灰分含量的影响显著(P<0.05),各mix-NT添加组的全虾干物质和粗蛋白含量均高于对照组,但差异未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。肝胰腺RNA含量和总蛋白(TP)含量均随饲料中mix-NT添加量的增加而升高,其中0.2~1.0 g/kg组的肝胰腺RNA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),TP含量差异未达到显著水平(P>0.05);各mixNT添加组的肠道TP含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.4和0.6 g/kg组的肠道RNA量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。外源mix-NT显著降低血清尿酸(UA)含量(P<0.05),但对TP、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。当mix-NT添加量为1.2 g/kg 饲料时,血清中谷草转氨酶(GOt)活性显著性升高(P<0.05)。鳃和肌肉酚氧化酶(PO)活性均在0.4 g/kg组达到最大,其中0.1～0.6 g/kg 组的鳃PO活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而各组肌肉PO活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺和血清中溶菌酶(LZM)活性随饲料中mix-NT添加量的增加而显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,饲料中添加一定量的5种核苷酸混合物能显著提高凡纳滨对虾幼虾的增重率、特定生长率、摄食量、蛋白质沉积率、全虾粗脂肪和灰分含量,一定程度提高全虾粗蛋白和肝胰腺总蛋白含量,显著增加肝胰腺RNA、肠道总蛋白和RNA含量,提高对虾的非特异性免疫功能。 相似文献
5.
为探究在饲料中添加蜡样芽胞杆菌(Bacillus cereus) YB1对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性能、肠道消化酶活力和肝脏抗氧化酶活力以及肠道组织结构的影响,本研究选取720尾初始体质量为(3.6±0.7) g的大菱鲆幼鱼,随机分为4组,每组3个平行,每个平行60尾。4组大菱鲆幼鱼在投喂的饲料中分别添加活菌量为0 (对照)、105、106和107 CFU/g的YB1,养殖期为50 d。结果显示,YB1添加量为107 CFU/g时,大菱鲆幼鱼的增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。YB1添加量为106 CFU/g组的大菱鲆幼鱼肠道蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力分别提高了57.86%和82.37%,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);YB1添加量提高到107 CFU/g时,脂肪酶的含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。饲料中添加YB1对大菱鲆幼鱼肝脏过氧化氢酶活力无显著性影响(P>0.05);YB1添加量为106 CFU/g组的幼鱼肝脏丙二醛含量下降了42.03%,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组大菱鲆幼鱼肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活力相较于对照组有上升的趋势,差异不显著(P>0.05)。YB1添加量为106 CFU/g组的大菱鲆幼鱼肠道肌层厚度增加最为显著(P<0.05),与对照组相比在实验末期提高了68.91%。研究表明,饲料中添加适量蜡样芽胞杆菌YB1具有促进大菱鲆幼鱼生长、提高幼鱼肠道消化酶和肝脏抗氧化酶活力以及改善幼鱼肠道组织结构的作用,推荐添加量为106 CFU/g。 相似文献
6.
为探究饲喂甘草后低盐胁迫对尖吻鲈相关酶活性的影响，在盐度32.1下，将体质量(13.89±2.50) g的尖吻鲈饲养在500 L玻璃纤维桶中，投喂添加0、10、30 g/kg和50 g/kg甘草粉的饲料饲养56 d,之后转入100 L盛有自来水的塑料桶中进行24 h胁迫试验，对相关酶活性进行检测和分析。试验结果表明：胁迫后，对照组尖吻鲈幼鱼血清过氧化氢酶活性和总抗氧化能力有不同程度升高；胁迫后溶菌酶活性随甘草添加量的增加而升高，而丙二醛含量则相反；与胁迫前相比，胁迫后谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05);胁迫后肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性和总抗氧化能力随甘草添加量的增加逐渐降低(P<0.05);胁迫后各组过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛含量和总抗氧化能力均显著高于胁迫前相应各组，而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性恰好相反；胁迫后除10 g/kg添加组差异不显著外，其他各组鳃Na+/K+-ATP酶活性均显著低于胁迫前相应各组(P<0.05)。研究结果表明，饲料中添加甘草可以增强尖吻鲈机体活力以及抗应激和环境胁迫的能力... 相似文献
7.
为研究肠道气泡堆积对银鲳(Pampus argenteus)组织抗氧化能力及溶菌酶活力的影响,采集了15尾肠道气泡堆积的银鲳为病鱼组,15尾健康银鲳为对照组,分别采集各组样品的肝脏、肾脏、肌肉和鳃组织,并对这4种组织的超氧化物歧化酶活力、过氧化氢酶活力、丙二醛含量、总抗氧化能力以及两种组织(鳃和肾脏)溶菌酶活力进行测定和比较。结果显示,相比对照组,病鱼组肝脏、鳃和肾脏的总抗氧化能力都有下降,其中肝脏和肾脏显著下降(P<0.05);而肌肉中总抗氧化能力病鱼组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组肝脏和肌肉的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力显著高于病鱼组(P<0.05);丙二醛含量对照组肝脏和肌肉中显著低于病鱼组(P<0.05),但鳃和肾脏显著高于病鱼组(P<0.05);溶菌酶活力病鱼组鳃显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但肾脏与对照组间无显著性差异。结果表明,肠道气泡堆积对银鲳组织抗氧化能力及其溶菌酶活力影响较大,导致肝脏与肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活力显著降低,鳃溶菌酶活力显著升高。 相似文献
8.
为了探讨不同方法制备的肌醇及其添加量对建鲤生长性能、生理生化以及抗氧化能力的影响，实验以蛋白含量34.64%和脂肪含量7.86%制备基础日粮(C)，通过在基础日粮中分别添加400 mg/kg酶促法肌醇(C+400E-MI)和400 mg/kg化工法肌醇(C+400C-MI)配制3种实验日粮，选取当年繁育的健康的建鲤幼鱼[(1.5±0.01) g]进行为期10周的养殖实验。养殖结束后，测定其生长性能、肝脏抗氧化酶活性和炎症相关基因的表达。结果显示，与对照组相比，基础日粮中添加不同制备方法的肌醇均具有提高建鲤幼鱼的特定生长率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率的作用；能降低血浆中乳酸脱氢酶的含量，有效保护肝细胞。与对照组相比，添加400 mg/kg酶促法肌醇可以显著提高建鲤幼鱼肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性，增加谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。添加400mg/kg化工法肌醇能够显著提高建鲤幼鱼肝脏GPX的活性，但同时也显著提高了丙二醛(MDA)的含量。进一步对基因表达的分析发现，2种肌醇的添加均显著降低了建鲤幼鱼肠道中促炎因子IL-6、TNF-α和IL-12在mRNA... 相似文献
9.
实验选取体质量为(37.94±0.09)g吉富罗非鱼幼鱼420尾,随机分为7个处理(每个处理3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼),分别饲喂添加0(对照)、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0、16.0和32.0 g/kg L-苹果酸的饲料,进行为期154 d的生长实验,研究L-苹果酸对罗非鱼肠道组织结构和功能及肝脏TCA循环效率的影响。结果发现,随着L-苹果酸水平的增加,前肠和中肠绒毛高度、密度、肌层厚度均在16.0 g/kg组达到最大值且显著高于对照组(P0.05);后肠绒毛高度、密度和肌层厚度逐渐降低(P0.05)。肠道淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性均在1.0 g/kg组达到最大值且显著高于对照组(P0.05);肠道蛋白酶、肝脏ATP含量随着L-苹果酸水平的增加逐渐升高(P0.05);肠Na+-K+-ATP酶活力、肠表皮生长因子(EGF)和肠表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)含量在16.0 g/kg组达到最高值;肝脏柠檬酸合酶活力在8.0 g/kg到达最大值。研究表明吉富罗非鱼饲料中适量添加L-苹果酸(1.0~8.0 g/kg),能改善罗非鱼前肠和中肠的形态结构,促进肠粘膜上皮细胞的增殖,提高肠消化和吸收能力,同时提高肝脏TCA循环效率。 相似文献
10.
以初始体重为(214.5±1.0)g的鲈鱼为研究对象,通过在基础饲料中添加亚硒酸钠0、0.48、0.97、1.45、1.93、2.42 mg/kg配成不同水平硒(0.12、0.36、0.42、0.60、0.78、1.10 mg/kg)的6组等氮等脂饲料,在海水浮式网箱进行为期70 d的生长实验,探讨饲料中不同水平的硒对鲈鱼生长、饲料利用、抗氧化酶活力和鱼体硒含量的影响。研究表明,特定生长率随着饲料中硒水平的增加呈先上升后平稳的趋势,在饲料中硒水平为0.60 mg/kg时,特定生长率最高;饲料中不同水平的硒对鲈鱼存活率和饲料效率无显著差异(P>0.05);肝脏和血清中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性随着饲料硒水平的提高而呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,在饲料硒含量为0.60 mg/kg时达到最大值;血清和肝脏谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)活性随着硒含量的增加呈现出先上升后平缓的趋势,在饲料中硒含量为0.78 mg/kg时,血清GST活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);血清谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性随着硒含量的增加呈现先上升后平缓的趋势,在饲料中硒含量为0.78 mg/kg时,血清GR活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随着饲料硒含量的升高呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,在饲料中硒含量为0.60 mg/kg时达到最大值,硒含量为1.10 mg/kg时,血清中SOD活性显著下降且低于对照组饲料(P<0.05);随着饲料硒含量的升高,血清中丙二醛含量呈现出先降低而后升高的趋势,其中在饲料中硒含量为0.60 mg/kg时最低;全鱼和肝脏中硒含量随着饲料中硒水平的升高而显著升高(P<0.05)。综合生长和抗氧化能力,建议214 g规格的鲈鱼饲料中适宜的硒含量为0.63-0.75 mg/kg。 相似文献
11.
Liang Li Min Li Rui Zhu Zhe Yu Jingyao Wang Jing Duan Tao Wang Lifang Wu 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3231-3241
The objective of this study was conducted to research the effects of β‐conglycinin in the diets on the growth performance, immunity function, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of juvenile golden crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Five diets contained respectively (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/kg) β‐conglycinin, and were used to feed juvenile golden crucian carp for 56 days. Final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate were significantly reduced by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency were significantly reduced by dietary β‐conglycinin (40–80 g/kg). In hepatopancreas, the activities of T‐SOD, ACP, ALT and T‐AOC were significantly suppressed by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg). The activities of LZM, AKP, CAT and GPx were significantly reduced by dietary β‐conglycinin (40–80 g/kg). The activities of protease were significantly reduced and the content of MDA was significantly increased by dietary β‐conglycinin (60–80 g/kg). In proximal intestines, the activities of protease and CAT were significantly decreased by dietary β‐conglycinin (40–80 g/kg). In mid and distal intestines, the activities of protease and CAT were significantly inhibited by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg). In intestines, T‐AOC and GPx were significantly declined by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg). In proximal and mid intestines, the content of MDA were significantly increased by dietary β‐conglycinin (40–80 g/kg). In distal intestines, the content of MDA was significantly increased by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg). The expression of IGF‐I was significantly decreased and the expression of IL‐1β and TNF‐α was significantly increased by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg). The structural integrity of intestinal tissues were damaged by dietary β‐conglycinin (20–80 g/kg), the part of intestinal villus were shed, the part of epithelial cells were separated from lamina propria. Ultimately, these results suggested dietary β‐conglycinin should be <20 g/kg in formula feed of golden crucian carp. 相似文献
12.
Pb~(2+)对建鲤幼鱼抗氧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解铅对建鲤幼鱼(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian)的影响,将建鲤幼鱼暴露于不同水平(0、0.648、1.296、6.480 mg/L)的Pb2+水溶液中,于96 h分别测定建鲤幼鱼肝胰脏、肠、鳃、肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果表明:随着Pb2+浓度的升高,抗氧化酶活性升高,达到极值后下降。0.648 mg/L浓度组中,肝胰脏中抗氧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力均有较明显升高;肌肉中抗氧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力变化较小;在高浓度组(6.480 mg/L),肾中的三种抗氧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力仍在升高,而在其他组织中酶的活性有所降低。上述研究结果表明,与肠、鳃、肌肉、肾相比,肝胰脏中的抗氧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力敏感,是最先启用的主要解毒器官;在高浓度胁迫时,肝胰脏解毒能力下降,抗氧化防御作用的主要器官由肝胰脏转移到肾脏。 相似文献
13.
Charlene Menezes Jossiele Leitemperger Adriana Santi Glaecir Dias Fábio Araújo Pedron João Radünz Neto Syed Mahammad Salman Nilda Berenice Vargas Barbosa Vania Lucia Loro 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(1):141-149
Several diets employed in aquaculture are enriched with selenium (Se), as it is a fundamental element to aquatic vertebrates. Diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2], which is a synthetic organoselenium compound, has been considered a potential antioxidant agent in different experimental models. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary diphenyl diselenide at concentrations of 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/kg for 60 days and to determine its optimal supplemental level for carp, Cyprinus carpio. Neither growth retardation nor hepatoxicity was induced by the inclusion of diphenyl diselenide at concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 mg/kg. In addition, the inclusion of 3.0 mg/kg of diphenyl diselenide stimulated the weight and length of the carp. The supplementation with 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg of diphenyl diselenide did not produce oxidative damage in the tissues, verified by peroxidation lipid and protein carbonyl assays. However, at 5.0 mg/kg, it caused an increase of the lipid peroxidation in the liver, brain, and muscle, and inhibited the cerebral acetylcholinesterase activity. An increase of the hepatic superoxide dismutase activity and non-protein thiols content in all tissues and ascorbic acid in the liver, gills, and brain was verified in carp fed with the diet containing 3.0 mg/kg of diphenyl diselenide. This diet had advantageous effects for the fish used in experiments. Therefore, this compound could be considered a beneficial dietary supplement for carp nutrition. 相似文献
14.
Beili Zhang Chaoqun Li Xuan Wang Huihui Zhou Kangsen Mai Gen He 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(2):367-376
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides (EU) on growth, feed utilization, antioxidant activity and immune responses of turbot fed a basal diet (CON) or EU‐supplemented diets with 5.0 g/kg (EU1), 10.0 g/kg (EU2) and 20.0 g/kg (EU3) EU leaf powder. After 70‐day trial, EU supplementation did not affect nutrient utilization, but reduced feed intake (FI) and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish at doses above 5.0 g/kg. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) activities in the EU‐supplemented groups were significantly higher than those in the control group at a dose of 20.0 g/kg. Significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were observed in EU‐supplemented groups at doses over 5.0 g/kg. Furthermore, fish fed 20.0 g/kg EU showed the highest lysozyme (LZM) activity among groups. The EU‐supplemented diets with doses above 5.0 g/kg significantly enhanced the mRNA expressions of cytokines. The expression level of major histocompatibility complex II alpha (MHC IIα) was significantly upregulated compared to that of the control fish when the supplemental level was at 20.0 g/kg. Taken together, the present study indicated that the EU could remarkably enhance the antioxidant activity, non‐specific immunity and maintain an active immune response in turbot. 相似文献
15.
Fufa Qu Zhen Liu Yi Hu Qiong Zhao Yi Zhou Zhuangpeng Liu Lei Zhong Shuangqing Lu Jianzhong Li 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(3):609-621
Glutamine (Gln) is a conditionally essential free amino acid that has been widely used in aquaculture. The present study showed that appropriate levels of dietary Gln could significantly improve growth performance and increase lipase and trypsin activity, mucosal thickness (MT) and the number of lymphocytes. The levels of glycine (Gly) in the 6 g/kg Gln group, threonine (Thr) in the 12 g/kg group and lysine (Lys) in the 6 and 9 g/kg group were increased significantly, while glutamate (Glu) and serine (Ser) concentrations decreased significantly with increasing dietary Gln levels from 3 to 12 g/kg. Moreover, the 12 g/kg dietary Gln level could improve the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX) and the total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC). In addition, 3 g/kg Gln upregulated the gene expression of aminopeptidase N (APN), caudal‐related homeobox gene (CDX2), L‐type amino acid transporter 2 (LAT2), oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), specificity proteins 1 (SP1) and 3 (SP3), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPAR‐α) but downregulated PPAR‐γ gene expression compared to that in the control group. Taken together, these findings suggest that Gln could improve the growth performance, antioxidant status and intestinal function of grass carp. 相似文献
16.
Turmeric Powder,Curcuma longa L., in Common Carp,Cyprinus carpio L., Diets: Growth Performance,Innate Immunity,and Challenge against Pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila Infection 
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下载免费PDF全文 Microbial diseases cause economic loss in aquaculture on a global scale, and the use of commercial antibiotics for disease treatment produces undesirable side effects. As many medicinal herbs have evolved a potent defense against pathogenic bacteria, there is a growing interest in these herbs as sources for natural antibacterial agents. In this context, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of turmeric powder (TP), Curcuma longa, on the performance and innate immunity of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., and its challenge against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Fish (1.4 ± 0.06 g) were fed 0.0 (control), 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 g TP/kg diet up to satiation twice daily for 10 wk. After the feeding trial, fish of each treatment were intraperitoneally injected by pathogenic A. hydrophila, and they were kept under observation for 10 d during which the daily mortality was recorded. The growth‐promoting effect of TP was monitored and observed where fish growth and innate immunity increased significantly as dietary TP levels increased. According to the regression curve, the most suitable TP level for optimal fish growth and health was found to be 2.0 g/kg. On the other hand, TP inclusion in the fish diet did not significantly affect fish body contents. The obtained results indicate that TP supplementation is a promising immunostimulant, which could improve fish performance and innate immunity and prevent common carp aermoniosis at a level of 2.0 g/kg diet. 相似文献
17.
Effects of Dietary Gamma Aminobutyric Acid on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Status,and Feeding‐related Gene Expression of Juvenile Grass Carp,Ctenopharyngodon idellus 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Fan Wu Mengmei Liu Chen Chen Jiaojiao Chen Qingsong Tan 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2016,47(6):820-829
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the inhibitory neurotransmitters that may have the ability to regulate the appetite. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary GABA, as a feed additive, on growth performance and antioxidant status of juvenile grass carp. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets with graded levels of GABA (0, 20, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were fed to grass carp juveniles (mean weight: 2.0 g) for 8 wk. The results showed that the specific growth rate (SGR) increased significantly with dietary GABA level up to the 100 mg/kg diet, and then decreased in the 200 mg/kg group (P < 0.05). The difference in SGR value between the 50 and 100 mg/kg groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The survival rate was not significantly affected by dietary GABA level (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the whole body composition among treatments (P > 0.05). The hepatopancreatic glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) with the GABA level, peaked in the group with GABA 100 mg/kg, and then decreased. The hepatopancreatic superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity activities showed the same trend as GPx. Inversely, the hepatopancreatic malondialdehyde content decreased first and then increased with the dietary GABA level (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the gene expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), cholecystokinin, leptin, and ghrelin in the hepatopancreas among groups. However, the NPY and ghrelin mRNA expression levels in the brain increased significantly with the GABA level, peaked in the groups of 50 mg/kg, and then showed a decreasing trend. On the basis of quadratic regression analysis of SGR, the optimum content of dietary GABA in juvenile grass carp is suggested to be a 87.5 mg/kg diet. 相似文献
18.
The present study is aiming at evaluating the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatocyte and liver injury in common carp in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, APS (200, 400 and 800 μg/ml) was added to the carp primary hepatocytes before (pre-treatment), after (post-treatment) and both before and after (pre- and post-treatment) the incubation of the hepatocytes with CCl4 at 8 mM in the culture medium. APS at concentrations of 200, 400 and 800 μg/ml significantly improved cell viability and inhibited the elevation of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxalate transaminase (GOT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly increased the reduced level of superoxide dismutase (SOD). In vivo administration of APS at the doses of 1.5 and 3 g/kg in the diet for 60 days prior to CCl4 intoxication significantly reduced the elevated activities of GPT, GOT and LDH and increased the reduced levels of total protein and albumin in the serum; meanwhile, the reduced levels of SOD, glutathione and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were markedly increased and the MDA formation was significantly inhibited in liver tissue. Overall results proved the hepatoprotective action of APS, which is likely related to its antioxidant activity. The results support the use of APS as a hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent in fish. 相似文献
19.
为研究饲料中添加茶多酚对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、饲料利用和抗氧化能力的影响，选取240尾初始体重为(3.5±1.0) g的团头鲂幼鱼，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复20尾。实验配制了茶多酚添加量分别为0 (对照组)、100、300和500 mg/kg的等氮等能饲料，饲喂团头鲂幼鱼8周后测定鱼体生长性能、肌肉组成、血液生化指标和肝肠抗氧化指标。结果显示，摄食300 mg/kg茶多酚组的增重率(WGR)相较于对照组显著提高，蛋白质效率(PER)显著高于低添加量组，饲料系数(FCR)显著降低。500 mg/kg茶多酚显著降低了鱼体肌肉粗脂肪含量。茶多酚的添加显著降低了血浆葡萄糖(GLU)含量，且300和500 mg/kg茶多酚添加组团头鲂肝肠丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著低于无添加组。100和300mg/kg茶多酚添加组鱼体肝肠组织中还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著高于对照组。此外，300 mg/kg茶多酚添加组鱼体肝脏的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPx)活性也显著高于对照组。养殖实验结束后，通过腹腔注射浓度为50%的四氯化碳(CCl4)溶液诱导... 相似文献