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1.
从发病虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)肾脏组织中分离到了1株优势菌HZS-01,将分离纯化的菌株进行形态、生理生化特征研究和16S rRNA基因鉴定分析。结果显示,HZS-01株菌的形态和生理生化反应结果符合嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)的特征。16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示,分离菌株在系统发育树上与嗜水气单胞菌(A.hydrophila)属同一分支,同源性达99%以上。综合菌株HZS-01的形态学特征和16S rRNA基因分析结果,将其鉴定为嗜水气单胞菌。药敏试验结果表明,分离菌株对强力霉素、诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、新生霉素、阿奇霉素敏感度高,对生产用药预防和治疗有实际指导意义。 相似文献
2.
1株嗜水气单胞菌的拮抗菌鉴定及其特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从池塘养殖的团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)肠道中分离筛选出15株嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)拮抗菌,其中菌株S24在平板贴片试验中对供试的嗜水气单胞菌菌株具有稳定和较高的拮抗作用。综合形态学观察、生理生化指标检测及分子序列(16S rDNA,gyrB)分析,将菌株S24确定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。拮抗菌S24和嗜水气单胞菌(菌株43)的共凝集率为(36.0%±4.3%)。共培养试验可见拮抗菌S24能明显抑制嗜水气单胞菌43的增殖;共培养18 h时,嗜水气单胞菌43的细胞数量达到最低。试验结果表明,拮抗菌株S24适宜作为潜在防治嗜水气单胞菌病的益生菌。 相似文献
3.
养殖欧洲鳗鲡体表溃疡病病原菌的分离、鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从福建诏安患病的人工养殖欧洲鳗鲡体内分离到1株致病菌,人工回归感染实验显示分离的菌株能使欧洲鳗鲡致病死亡,且临床症状与自然病例相似。分离菌具有β-溶血性;可在含盐量4%的培养基上生长;革兰氏染色呈阴性,短杆状,具有运动性;其生化反应特性与其他水生动物源的嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)相同;16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示:分离菌株在系统发育树上与A.hydrophila属同一分支,相似性达99.8%。根据分离菌株的形态、生理生化特性,结合16S rRNA序列测定(GenBank登录号为JN391411)与系统发育分析,将其鉴定为嗜水气单胞菌(A.hydrophila)。药敏试验结果表明分离菌对头孢噻肟钠、氟苯尼考、复方新诺明、奥复星、头孢吡肟、头孢孟多、左氟沙星等高度敏感。 相似文献
4.
异育银鲫类志贺邻单胞菌的鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用API 20E系列生化鉴定、生理生化特征、电镜观察和16S rDNA序列构建系统发育树分析方法,对从濒死的异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio♀×Cyprinus carpio♂)肝脏中分离到的1株致病菌(革兰氏阴性杆菌,YCS07-01株)进行了鉴定。结果显示:菌株主要生化特性为氧化酶阳性,发酵葡萄糖产酸不产气,分解肌醇;不发酵蔗糖、甘露醇、鼠李糖等;β-半乳糖苷酶、精氨酸双水解酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶阳性。负染电镜观察,菌株为两端钝圆直杆状,无芽胞,无荚膜,有4根鞭毛,大小为0.8~1.0μm×3.0μm。在以该菌16SrDNA序列(GenBank登录号FJ375179)和GenBank数据库内同源性较高的细菌16S rDNA序列构建的系统发育树中,分离菌YCS07-01与类志贺邻单胞菌ATCC14029T(登录号X74688)的同源性为99%,并聚为一个分支。综合培养特征、形态和生理生化特性、系统发育分析等将该菌鉴定为类志贺邻单胞菌(Plesiomus shigelloides)。药敏试验结果表明菌株对羧苄青霉素和万古霉素耐药;对头孢唑啉、四环素和氨曲南中度敏感;对丁胺卡那霉素、左氟沙星、头孢他啶、复方新诺明等高度敏感。 相似文献
5.
《福建水产》2012,34(3)
从福建诏安患病的人工养殖欧洲鳗鲡体内分离到1株致病菌,人工回归感染实验显示分离的菌株能使欧洲鳗鲡致病死亡,且临床症状与自然病例相似。分离菌具有β-溶血性;可在含盐量4%的培养基上生长;革兰氏染色呈阴性,短杆状,具有运动性;其生化反应特性与其他水生动物源的嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）相同;16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示：分离菌株在系统发育树上与A.hydrophila属同一分支,相似性达99.8%。根据分离菌株的形态、生理生化特性,结合16S rRNA序列测定（GenBank登录号为JN391411）与系统发育分析,将其鉴定为嗜水气单胞菌（A.hydrophila）。药敏试验结果表明分离菌对头孢噻肟钠、氟苯尼考、复方新诺明、奥复星、头孢吡肟、头孢孟多、左氟沙星等高度敏感。 相似文献
6.
山瑞鳖塞氏柠檬酸杆菌的分离鉴定及药物敏感性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从患致死性传染病的山瑞鳖(Palea steindachneri)组织中分离到一株细菌(YL090422),对该菌形态、生理生化特征及致病性进行分析,并用BIOLOG自动微生物鉴定系统及16S rDNA序列分析对其进行了鉴定。结果显示:该菌具有较强的致病性,且为发酵型革兰氏阴性短杆菌,无芽胞及荚膜;具有对葡萄糖、精氨酸双水解酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、脲酶、西蒙氏柠檬酸盐、丙二酸盐、卫茅醇、吲哚、动力等反应呈阳性,对氧化酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶、V-P反应等呈阴性的特点。BIOLOG自动微生物鉴定系统显示该菌为塞氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter sedlakii)。16S rDNA序列分析得到1条长度为1464bp的核苷酸序列(GenBank登录号为GU726186),并显示该分离株与塞氏柠檬酸杆菌(C.sedlakii)的同源性达99.9%,且在系统发育树上与C.sedlakii聚为一支。鉴定结果确认菌株YL090422为塞氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter sedlakii)。药敏试验结果显示:该菌对供试16种抗菌药物中的阿米卡星等3种药物敏感,对头孢哌酮等3种药物中度敏感,对氨苄青霉素等10种抗生素均存在不同程度的耐药。 相似文献
7.
为确定稻田养殖的大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)出血病病原与防治措施,应用微生物分离技术和分子生物学相关方法,对患出血病的大鳞副泥鳅进行病原菌的分离和鉴定并分析其药物敏感性。从患出血病大鳞副泥鳅中分离到3株优势菌(命名为DLFNQ-1、DLFNQ-2、DLFNQ-3);回归感染实验结果显示,仅DLFNQ-1对大鳞副泥鳅具有致病性,半致死浓度为2.3×10~7 CFU/mL;生理生化试验表明,DLFNQ-1菌株对葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖、氧化酶、七叶灵等反应为阳性,对柠檬酸、尿素酶等反应为阴性,与嗜水气单胞菌的生理生化特性相符;DLFNQ-1菌株的16S rDNA序列与嗜水气单胞菌(JN391411.1)的相似度达到99.7%,N-J进化树显示其16S rDNA与其它嗜水气单胞菌的聚为一支。DLFNQ-1菌株对庆大霉素、妥布霉素这两种抗生素高度敏感,对阿洛西林、哌拉西林、卡那霉素等中度敏感,对青霉素、阿莫西林、四环素等呈现出一定的耐药性。结果表明,引起稻田养殖大鳞副泥鳅出血病的病原为嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila),稻田养殖时可选用庆大霉素、妥布霉素进行防控。 相似文献
8.
南方鲇溃疡综合症病原菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
从南方鲇(Silurus meriordinalis Chen)病鱼体表溃疡部及内脏分离出细菌12株,经人工感染证实其中6株治病,生化鉴定6株为同一种菌即为引起该鱼溃疡综合症的病原菌,命名为DKN-1。该菌为革兰氏染色阴性,兼性厌氧发酵型短杆菌,极生单鞭毛,对除葡萄糖、麦芽糖、甘露糖、海藻糖、甘露醇、水杨苷、七叶苷以外多种糖不利用,氧化酶、过氧化氢酶、DNA酶、脂酶、蛋白酶、精氨酸双水解酶阳性,MR、VP阳性。在以该菌16S rDNA序列和GenBank及RDP数据库内同源性较高的细菌16S rDNA序列构建的系统发育树中,DKN-1与豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)同源性达到99.6%,综合该菌在形态、生理生化的结果,鉴定其为豚鼠气单胞菌。该病病原对美满霉素、大观霉素、妥布霉素高度敏感。 相似文献
9.
褐牙鲆腹水症病原菌的分离鉴定及其灭活疫苗的研制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从患腹水病褐牙鲆体内分离致病菌,通过生理生化和分子生物学方法进行鉴定;该菌的16S rDNA序列与标准株同源性达99.8%,证明该菌为嗜水气单胞菌.制备灭活疫苗后分别注射小鼠和牙鲆,测定其免疫效果.试验结果表明,用所制备的灭活疫苗免疫小鼠,其保护率达到90%,免疫牙鲆的保护率达到80%;采用渗透压差法浸泡免疫牙鲆在攻毒后发病率仅为6%,攻毒后保护率为85%;通过间接ELISA检测表明受免动物体内产生了较高水平的抗体;剖检及病理切片结果表明免疫过的动物内脏健康无异样,而未免动物肝脏充血,肠腔有积水.说明该疫苗安全有效. 相似文献
10.
鲤鱼细菌性败血症病原菌的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从具有典型细菌性败血症症状的病鱼或濒死鱼中分离到2 株优势菌,经分离培养、人工感染试验、毒力因子、16S rRNA基因序列的测定及药敏试验,研究分离菌的生理生化特征、致病性及药物敏感性.根据2 株分离菌的菌落形态、生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列的测定结果(同源性为99%),确定为嗜水气单胞菌.人工感染试验的症状与自然发病相似,且再次感染后又分离到该菌株.2 株菌对阿米卡星、氨曲南、头孢噻肟等15 种药物均敏感,对氨苄西林均耐药,对复方磺胺表现出菌株差异.对其敏感的15 种药物可作为防治鲤鱼细菌性败血症的首选药物. 相似文献
11.
对2004-2005年四川发生的斑点叉尾(Ictalunes punctatus)急性流行性传染病进行病原学和病理学研究,从自然发病的斑点叉尾肝、肾分离到1株致病菌(CCF00024)。经人工感染实验证实该菌为斑点叉尾急性流行性传染病的病原菌。根据其形态和生理生化特性鉴定其为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)。病鱼的眼观病变主要表现为体表(特别是腹部和下颌)充血、出血和褪色斑,腹部膨大,腹腔内充有淡黄色或带血的腹水,胃肠道黏膜充血、出血,肠道发生套叠,甚至肠脱,肠腔内充满淡黄色或含血的黏液。组织学病变主要表现为全身组织器官广泛性水肿,出血、变性、坏死,以及中性白细胞、巨噬细胞等炎症细胞浸润,特别是骨骼肌、肝、脾、肾和胃肠道的损伤较为严重。细胞病理学表现为,病鱼肝、脾、肾肠道等器官的细胞均有较为严重的损伤,细胞肿胀,超微结构被破坏,特别是线粒体和细胞核的损伤明显。线粒体表现为肿胀,嵴断裂或溶解消失,呈空囊状;细胞核变形,染色质溶解或发生浓缩、裂解边移,甚至形成类似凋亡小体的结构。 相似文献
12.
Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates, obtained from ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, three species of salmonids and two species of cyprinids in Japan, were used in this study. Bacteria were inoculated to serum prepared from ayu or red spotted masu trout (RSMT), Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae, and incubated at 18 °C for 24 h. All isolates (n = 19) from ayu grew well with a 9- to 116-fold increase of CFU in ayu serum, while CFU decreased markedly in RSMT serum. In contrast, isolates (n = 17) from fish species other than ayu exhibited no growth in ayu serum, but some isolates from salmonids survived or grew (1.2-23.5 fold increase of CFU) in RSMT serum. The isolates that could not survive or grow in ayu and RSMT sera grew well in both heat-inactivated sera of ayu and RSMT. Experimental infection by intraperitoneal injection showed that ayu isolates examined were all pathogenic to ayu but not to RSMT, while none of the isolates from salmonids and cyprinids were pathogenic to ayu but some showed pathogenicity to RSMT. These results indicate that the in vitro growth ability of F. psychrophilum isolates in fish serum correlates well with their pathogenicity to fish, particularly in ayu. 相似文献
13.
14.
Tenma Hinako Tsunekawa Koki Fujiyoshi Riho Takai Hajime Hirose Masae Masai Nanami Sumi Kosuke Takihana Yuta Yanagisawa Sogen Tsuchida Kota Ohara Kenichi Jo Toshiaki Takagi Masaki Ota Akiko Iwata Hiroyoshi Yaoi Yuichi Minamoto Toshifumi 《Fisheries Science》2021,87(3):321-330
Outbreaks of bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD), caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum, are widespread in Japan, especially among ayu Plecoglossus altivelis. There are few investigations of F. psychrophilum in river water, and its seasonal distribution has not been clarified. We aimed to identify the spatiotemporal dynamics of F. psychrophilum and ayu to provide information that is useful for establishing a countermeasure for BCWD. Quantitative analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) was used to clarify the year-round dynamics of ayu and F. psychrophilum. We sampled river water from the Nagara and Ibi rivers in Japan, and conducted monthly water sampling and eDNA quantification. Changes in the eDNA concentration of ayu were consistent with the known life histories of the fish. There was a strong negative correlation between the eDNA concentration of F. psychrophilum and water temperature, suggesting a strong dependence of F. psychrophilum dynamics in the river on water temperature. Furthermore, relatively high eDNA concentrations were recorded for both organisms in early summer and fall, suggesting that ayu is infected with F. psychrophilum during these seasons when experiencing up- and downmigration, respectively.
相似文献15.
Turbid water induces refuge behaviour of a commercially important ayu: A field experiment for interstream movement using multiple artificial streams 
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下载免费PDF全文 Terutaka Mori Yasumitsu Kato Tetsuya Takagi Yukio Onoda Yuichi Kayaba 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(4):1015-1022
Riverine systems are inherently dendritic in nature, and turbid water may not necessarily flow equally throughout an entire catchment. Tributaries have the potential to serve as refugia from temporarily turbid water in the main stem. As ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) are one of the important species for the inland fisheries industry and recreational fishing, their behaviour in a branched river network is a primary concern. We released ayu with radio‐transmitting tags into two experimental streams that joined at a downstream pool. Turbid water was released into one of the streams, and we identified whether avoidance movement of ayu between the two experimental streams was triggered by flowing turbid water. The suspended solid concentration elevated rapidly after adding the turbid water and was maintained at more than 400 mg/L for 3 hr. Avoidance movement of ayu was triggered when the suspended solid concentration exceeded approximately 200 mg/L. Then, most ayu moved from the turbid stream to the nonturbid one, leading to a difference in ayu density between the two streams. Therefore, we demonstrated that turbid water induced interstream movement of a commercially important ayu as refuge behaviour, suggesting that river connectivity is important for the persistence of the ayu. 相似文献
16.
Sixty-four isolates of Flavobacterium psychrophilum from ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel), and other fish (n=16) in Japan and the type strain (NCIMB 1947(T)) were typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with endonuclease BlnI and XhoI. These isolates were classified into 20 clusters and 42 genotypes by PFGE analysis. The most predominant cluster of isolates from ayu was cluster XII (n=20), followed by clusters XVII, XVI, XX, XI, IX, X, XIII and XV; the remaining 17 isolates from other fish were divided into clusters I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, XIV, XVIII and XIX. The PFGE genotype of isolates from ayu clearly differed from those of other fish. The isolates from ayu in Gunma Prefecture belonged to clusters XII, XVI, XVII and XX, and the strains of three of these clusters (XII, XVII and XX) were isolated from ayu in 15 of 19 prefectures. PFGE typing enabled more accurate classification of isolates into clusters than previously achieved by analysing the restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR products. These results suggest that F. psychrophilum isolated from ayu and other fish are genetically different and strains with several PFGE types have spread within Japan. 相似文献
17.
HEISUKE NAKAGAWA TETSUYA UMINO TAKASHI SEKIMOTO IRFAN AMBAS W LINN MONTGOMERY TAKETO NAKANO 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(2):341-346
ABSTRACT: The gut and gut contents of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis caught in the Ohta River in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan were examined. Relative intestine length (intestine length/body length) was almost constant. Except for relative intestine length, characteristics of the gut of wild ayu were not significantly different from those of cultured ayu. The height of intestinal folds increased and their width declined from stomach to anus. Cyanobacteria ( Homoeathrix sp. and Calothrix sp.) and diatoms ( Cymbella sp., Gomphonema sp., Melosira sp., Navicula sp., and Synedra sp.) were well digested during passage through the gut despite a lack of apparent destruction. In contrast, green algae ( Dictyosphearium sp., Coelastrum sp., and Pediastrum sp.) exhibited little degradation. The pH of stomach contents ranged from 2.8 to 7.4 (mean ± SD = 4.1 ± 1.0), whereas that of the posterior intestine was 7.0–8.5 (7.9 ± 0.4). Gut contents of wild ayu increased with bodyweight, and were more than threefold greater than those of cultured ayu, suggesting that wild ayu compensate for low nutrient content of algae through the continuous ingestion of large quantities of feed organisms. 相似文献
18.
T. KITAO T. AOKI M. FUKUDOME † K. KAWANO YO. WADA Y. MIZUNO 《Journal of fish diseases》1983,6(2):175-181
Abstract. During the period from 1965 to 1980, 263 Vibrio anguillarum strains from ayu, Plecoglossiis altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel), two from rainbow trout. Salmo gairdneri Richardson, and two from eel, Anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel), were collected from fish suffering from vibriosis in various parts of Japan. On the basis of cross-agglutination and cross-absorption tests with thermostable (O) antigens, six distinct serotypes (A, B, C, D, E and F) were established among 12 selected strains of V. anguillarum . 241 strains isolated from ayu and two strains from rainbow trout belonged to serotype A, six strains from ayu and one strain from eel to serotype B, 12 strains from ayu to serotype C, three strains from ayu to serotype D, one strain from ayu to serotype E, and one strain from eel to serotype F. V. anguillarum strains belonging to serotypes D, E and F have not been detected from ayu, rainbow trout and eel since 1973; these serotypes appear to be minor types. V. anguillarum strain NCMB 6 and 1669 belong to our serotype A and V. anguillarum 813 to our serotype C. 相似文献
19.
2017年4月,四川省西昌某养殖场养殖的长丝裂腹鱼暴发一种以体表、内脏器官出血及角膜浑浊为特征的传染病。为探究此次疫病的病因,自病鱼的肝、脾和肾组织中分离到1株病原菌LXP170412,在脑心浸液琼脂上28℃培养48h,形成白色、半透明、表面光滑的圆形菌落,人工感染试验证实了其病原性;通过表型特征特性测定、16SrDNA和gyrB基因序列分析鉴定,分离菌LXP170412为温和气单胞菌。药敏试验结果表明,温和气单胞菌LXP170412对强力霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星等敏感,对头孢拉定、新霉素、阿莫西林、庆大霉素、丁胺卡那、恩诺沙星、青霉素、罗红霉素等耐药。试验证实,温和气单胞菌为此次流行病的病原菌,药敏试验结果将为临床用药提供参考依据。 相似文献