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1.
黔饲1号小黑麦适宜刈割次数及刈割期研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
对饲草型小黑麦新品系黔饲1号不同刈割次数及在孕穗期、抽穗期、开花期与乳熟期不同刈割时期,测定其鲜草产量、干草产量、鲜干比、株高、粗蛋白含量、酸性洗涤纤维及中性洗涤纤维含量等指标,利用灰色关联度分析法进行综合评价,根据评价结果确定该品系的最佳刈割期。结果表明,刈割2次处理鲜草产量达45.638 t/hm~2;不同刈割时期以乳熟期干草产量最大,为19.45 t/hm~2;抽穗期粗蛋白产量2.24 t/hm~2,均高于其他生育时期,且综合评价也最高。要得到较高的经济效率,应选择乳熟期刈割;要得到最佳利用率,应选择抽穗期刈割。  相似文献   

2.
用甘农2号小黑麦于2017年在甘肃省甘南州合作市筛选小黑麦青贮的最佳刈割期和青贮添加剂,旨在丰富该地区牧草饲喂方式,为科学应用小黑麦提供技术支持。试验设2个因素,分别为小黑麦刈割期(A_1:抽穗期;A_2:开花期;A_3:灌浆期;A_4:乳熟期;A_5:蜡熟期)和添加剂种类[B_1:Sila-Max;B_2:Sila-Mix;B_3:CK(不添加)]。通过评价不同刈割期和添加剂间青贮饲料营养品质的差异,结合TOPSIS法进行综合评价,结果表明:随小黑麦的生长发育,CP含量逐渐降低,各刈割期小黑麦的WSC含量普遍较高且乳熟期达到最高,抽穗期小黑麦的NDF、ADF含量和DMD显著低于其他时期;开花期pH值最低,乳酸含量在灌浆期最高,乙酸含量随小黑麦的生长发育呈下降的趋势;在开花期以后,ADF含量显著降低,DMD显著升高;乳熟期和蜡熟期的丙酸含量显著低于其他刈割期。添加Sila-Max显著提升了小黑麦的青贮品质,提高了乳酸含量,降低了pH值和氨态氮/总氮,尤其在乳熟期和蜡熟期。以收获草产量为目的,则应该在蜡熟期刈割,要获得较优的营养价值以及青贮品质,兼顾较高草产量,则应在乳熟期刈割。  相似文献   

3.
用甘农2号小黑麦于2017年在甘肃省甘南州合作市筛选小黑麦青贮的最佳刈割期和青贮添加剂,旨在丰富该地区牧草饲喂方式,为科学应用小黑麦提供技术支持。试验设2个因素,分别为小黑麦刈割期(A1:抽穗期;A2:开花期;A3:灌浆期;A4:乳熟期;A5:蜡熟期)和添加剂种类[B1:Sila-Max;B2:Sila-Mix;B3:CK(不添加)]。通过评价不同刈割期和添加剂间青贮饲料营养品质的差异,结合TOPSIS法进行综合评价,结果表明:随小黑麦的生长发育,CP含量逐渐降低,各刈割期小黑麦的WSC含量普遍较高且乳熟期达到最高,抽穗期小黑麦的NDF、ADF含量和DMD显著低于其他时期;开花期pH值最低,乳酸含量在灌浆期最高,乙酸含量随小黑麦的生长发育呈下降的趋势;在开花期以后,ADF含量显著降低,DMD显著升高;乳熟期和蜡熟期的丙酸含量显著低于其他刈割期。添加Sila-Max显著提升了小黑麦的青贮品质,提高了乳酸含量,降低了pH值和氨态氮/总氮,尤其在乳熟期和蜡熟期。以收获草产量为目的,则应该在蜡熟期刈割,要获得较优的营养价值以及青贮品质,兼顾较高草产量,则应在乳熟期刈割。  相似文献   

4.
不同生长时期刈割对王草产量及品质影响的试验结果表明；王草生长期为６３ｄ时刈割，鲜草产量及营养价值最高，年公顷产鲜草达７０３５４ｋｇ，粗蛋白含量６．８７％。  相似文献   

5.
试验旨在系统评价高寒地区禾本科一年生牧草不同时期的营养价值。以高原地区常见的4种燕麦草（白燕麦、青燕麦、科纳燕麦和林纳燕麦）为研究对象，采用概略养分分析法、体外产气法并结合不同时期单位面积产量综合评定。结果表明，4种燕麦草的鲜草产量均在乳熟期达到峰值，干草产量在成熟期最盛。随着刈割时间的推移，4种燕麦草的鲜干比、粗蛋白（CP）含量和粗脂肪（EE）含量降低；而酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）含量增加，能量变化不大。4种燕麦草72 h发酵液总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度随刈割期的推移而下降，乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸和丁酸含量均在抽穗期最高。研究表明，燕麦草在成熟期刈割干草产量最高，在抽穗期刈割品质最好，在乳熟期刈割单位面积营养物质输出量、可消化干物质和有机物产量最高。  相似文献   

6.
本试验以科纳燕麦为研究对象,在拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期与乳熟期刈割,测定其产草量和营养成分等指标,探讨攀西地区冬闲田种植晚熟型燕麦的最佳刈割时期。通过研究发现随着刈割时间的推移,科纳燕麦的干重呈现逐渐积累的趋势。乳熟期干草产量最高,显著高于拔节期和抽穗期(P0.05),与灌浆期差异不显著。随着刈割期的推迟粗蛋白含量逐渐下降,乳熟期和灌浆期显著低于拔节期和抽穗期(P0.05)。酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量随着刈割时期的推迟表现为先升后降,不同刈割期的RFV值表现为先降后升的趋势。乳熟期的酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量低于抽穗期、灌浆期,RFV值为108.63,高于抽穗期、灌浆期。综合产草量和营养品质得出,攀西地区种植晚熟型燕麦最佳刈割时间应为乳熟期,但考虑到届时恰逢雨季,为获得较高产量同时不影响下茬作物的生长以选择灌浆期刈割为宜。  相似文献   

7.
为了进一步筛选适宜河套地区种植的优质饲草大麦品种,本研究以12PJ-051,12PJ-007,12PJ-067、12PJ-068为参试材料,以蒙啤麦3号为对照,测定各品种饲草的草产量和营养指标,确定各品种最佳的刈割时期。通过研究表明,随着时间的推移,各大麦品种饲草产量呈现先升高后降低的趋势。12PJ-067在抽穗期刈割效果最佳,鲜草产量2947.78kg/666.7㎡,干草产量显著高于其他品种各个时期(P<0.05),达到564.99kg/666.7㎡,粗蛋白含量14.0%。12PJ-007在灌浆期、乳熟期、乳熟后期,鲜、干草产量均表现最好,鲜草产量均在3000kg/666.7㎡以上,干草产量均在500kg/666.7㎡以上,粗蛋白含量均在12%以上。各品种不同刈割期粗蛋白含量在8.4%~18.5%之间,其中12PJ-007在乳熟期粗蛋白含量最高,达到18.5%,显著高于其他品种的各个时期(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

8.
牧草在适宜时期刈割,可确保其草产量和营养品质达到最优组合。本研究通过对甘引1号黑麦(Secale cereale‘Ganyin No.1')在天祝县高寒区不同生育期株高、草产量、茎叶比、鲜干比、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维等指标的测定,确定其最佳刈割期。结果表明,甘引1号黑麦株高、干草产量及酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量随生育期推移逐渐增加,粗蛋白含量逐渐降低,粗蛋白产量先增后减。从拔节到抽穗期,甘引1号黑麦生长速度最快,开花期和乳熟期鲜草产量无显著差异(P0.05),虽然开花期干草产量不及乳熟期,但其粗蛋白产量最高,达2.16t·hm-2。经隶属函数法分析4个刈割期综合评价值为抽穗期开花期孕穗期乳熟期,因此选择抽穗期至开花期刈割最为适宜。  相似文献   

9.
不同生育期(营养期、现蕾期、开花期、盛花期、结荚期)选用品种(新牧1号、新牧2号、当地苜蓿、红豆草、高辉苜蓿)进行刈割,研究刈割时期对紫花苜蓿和红豆草产量及营养价值的影响。结果表明,新牧2号苜蓿开花期的鲜草产量和干草产量显著高于其他品种其他几个时期鲜草产量和干草产量(P0.05);牧草在营养期的粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量显著高于其他几个刈割时期(P0.05);牧草在盛花期的NFE含量显著高于其他几个刈割时期(P0.05);随着生育期由营养期延迟至结荚期,牧草的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量显著增加(P0.05),而牧草的相对饲用价值含量显著降低(P0.05);新牧1号、新牧2号、当地苜蓿、红豆草、高辉苜蓿5个品种的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素、酸不溶灰分、相对饲用价值无显著差异(P0.05)。牧草现蕾期的产量和营养价值优于其他几个时期,新牧2号的产量和营养价值优于其他几个品种。  相似文献   

10.
全株玉米青贮是玉米在乳熟期至腊熟期之间刈割,将全株(含茎、叶、穗等)进行青贮的一种青贮模式.该青贮模式与玉米秸秆青贮相比,是将玉米籽实和青秸秆同时切铡混合进行青贮,是在玉米产量和营养价值最高的时期刈割贮制,所以消化率和适口性都会有较大幅度的提高、营养价值和商业价值也会更高.  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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