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1.
昆山麻鸭的肉用性能及其相关性的测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以94羽63日龄昆山麻鸭为测定对象,测定其屠体性状。结果公鸭屠体重、半净膛重、腿肌重高于母鸭(P>0.05),母鸭的胸肌重、皮脂重、腹脂重显著高于公鸭(P<0.05)。公鸭的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率和皮脂率、腹脂率显著低于母鸭(P<0.05)。昆山麻鸭活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重之间相关达极显著水平(P<0.01),活重与皮脂重(率)、腹脂重相关极显著(P<0.01),而与腹脂率相关不显著。肉鸭屠体重、屠宰率、半净膛重(率)、全净膛重(率)与皮脂重(率)、腹脂重(率)相关达显著水平。 相似文献
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黄羽肉鸡IMF选择与遗传参数估计 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用家系选择的方法，对黄羽肉鸡90日龄胸肌肌内脂肪含量（IMF）进行了4个世代的选择；采用动物模型（样本数N=632～1084）和MTDFREML软件对部分肉质性状进行了遗传力（h^2）和遗传相关（r）估计。试验结果表明：经过4个世代的选择，G4代比G0代IMF含量提高了17．8％（P〈0．01），变异系数由29．59％降低到21．72％。胸肌IMF含量的估计遗传力h^2=0．220，4个世代的平均实现遗传力h^2=0．322，初步说明IMF含量为中等遗传力性状，可以通过选择提高。腹脂重、腹脂率、脂带宽、皮脂厚、冠高、冠厚、90日龄体重等性状的遗传力在0．08～0．54范围内，胸肌IMF、腿肌IMF与腹脂重等性状间呈遗传正相关。 相似文献
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为开发麒麟鸡种质资源并探讨其主要体尺性状与屠宰性能之间的相关性,本试验对14周龄麒麟鸡随机选取公母各6只,并测定了其体尺与屠宰性能。结果表明：麒麟鸡公鸡与母鸡在体重、体斜长、胫长、胫围、屠体重、屠宰率、半净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重、腿肌率、腹脂重、腹脂率、肌间脂肪宽和皮脂厚上差异显著（P〈0.05）。体重分别与体斜长、龙骨长、胫长、胫围、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与腹脂重、肌间脂肪宽存在极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;体斜长、龙骨长、胫长、胫围均与腹脂重、肌间脂肪宽、皮脂厚存在不同程度的负相关,相关系数介于-0.909-0.323,而与其他屠宰性能指标均存在不同程度的正相关,相关系数介于0.368-0.872。试验结果对麒麟鸡选育及开发利用具有积极意义。 相似文献
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仙湖肉鸭B系肌内脂肪含量与屠体性能关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究对仙湖肉鸭B系的肌内脂肪含量与屠体性状关系进行分析.结果表明:公鸭活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重与肌内脂肪含量均表现为中等正相关,其中半净膛重与肌内脂肪含量的相关关系达到显著水平(P<0.05),胸肌重、腿肌重、皮脂重、皮脂率均与肌内脂肪含量呈弱的正相关,相关关系不显著;母鸭腹脂重、腹脂率与肌内脂肪含量的相关系... 相似文献
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本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术,对438只黄羽矮小型肉鸡的胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ基因(IGF-Ⅰ)的5′端进行遗传多态性研究,发现该区域的PCR扩增产物经Hinf Ⅰ酶切后出现GG、GT和TT 3种基因型。经χ2检验,群体在该位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。方差分析结果显示,性别对9个性状(活体重、屠体重、皮脂厚、半净膛、全净膛、胸肌重、腿肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率)有极显著影响(P<0.01),对肌间脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。家系效应在8个性状上(活体重、屠体重、半净膛、全净膛、胸肌重、腿肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率)达到极显著水平(P<0.01);而基因型效应只在腹脂率上达到显著水平(P<0.05),腹脂重没有达到显著水平(P=0.0669)。不同基因型的最小二乘均值间多重比较结果发现,TT型的腹脂重和腹脂率均显著低于GT型(P<0.05),而GG型和GT、TT型的差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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对Z型北京鸭3个品系的肌内脂肪含量与屠体性能的关系进行了分析。结果表明:Z2系母鸭腿肌重、皮脂重与肌内脂肪含量的相关系数分别为0.3738、0.4349(P<0.01),均为极显著中强正相关,而皮脂率为显著弱正相关。Z4系公母鸭肌内脂肪含量与胸肌重(率)、腿肌重(率)、腹脂重(率)、皮脂重(率)均相关较弱,表现为相关不显著。杂交系公鸭皮脂重与肌内脂肪含量相关系数为0.3(P<0.05),表现为显著弱正相关;母鸭胸肌重、腿肌重与肌内脂肪含量均表现为显著弱正相关。综合本试验可得出:由于各品系间及品系内肌内脂肪含量与屠体各指标相关程度的不同,在瘦肉型北京鸭选育过程中,要针对不同品系公母单独制定育种目标,以加快北京鸭的选育速度。 相似文献
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本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术,对438只黄羽矮小型肉鸡的胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ基因(IGF-Ⅰ)的5′端进行遗传多态性研究,发现该区域的PcR扩增产物经Hinf Ⅰ酶切后出现GG、GT和TT 3种基因型.经x2检验,群体在该位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05).方差分析结果显示,性别对9个性状(活体重、屠体重、皮脂厚、半净膛、全净膛、胸肌重、腿肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率)有极显著影响(P<0.01),对肌间脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05).家系效应在8个性状上(活体重、屠体重、半净膛、全净膛、胸肌重、腿肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率)达到极显著水平(P<0.01);而基因型效应只在腹脂率上达到显著水平(P<0.05),腹脂重没有达到显著水平(P=O.0669).不同基因型的最小二乘均值间多重比较结果发现,TT型的腹脂重和腹脂率均显著低于GT型(P<0.05),而GG型和GT、TT型的差异不显著(P>0.05). 相似文献
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朗德鹅血液性状与体脂沉积间相关关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以朗德鹅为试验对象,分别测定70日龄时与脂肪代谢有关的血液生化指标和体重、胸肌含脂率、腿肌含脂率、腹脂率、皮脂厚度、肌间脂宽,探讨朗德鹅血液性状与体脂沉积和体重的关系。结果表明:①在所测性状中,公鹅体重和母鹅胆固醇的变异系数较小,所有鹅极低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯的变异系数均较大。②极低密度脂蛋白与甘油三脂呈显著相关(P<0.05),与其它血液指标相关不显著。③极低密度脂蛋白与腹脂率呈显著相关(P<0.05),与肌间脂肪宽呈极显著相关(P<0.01);胆固醇与活重、皮下脂肪厚度、肌间脂肪宽呈显著正相关(P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白与胸肌含脂率、皮下脂肪厚度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与肌间脂肪宽呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。以上结果说明,极低密度脂蛋白可作为培育低脂朗德鹅的遗传指标;甘油三脂可以作为极低密度脂蛋白选择的辅助指标。 相似文献
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北京鸭肌肉生长抑制素基因多态与屠体性状关系分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
肌肉生长抑制素（Myostatin,MSTN）基因在发育和成熟的骨骼肌中特异表达,对肌肉具有负调控作用。应用聚合酶链式反应单链构象多态性（PCR-SSCP）的方法,对6周龄北京鸭2个群体（Z2系和Z4系）共200个个体Myostatin基因5’调控区进行SNP分析,并对所发现的单核苷酸多态性与胴体重、胸肌重、腿肌重、全净膛重、皮脂重、腹脂重、骨架重、胸肌率、腿肌率、皮脂率、腹脂率进行了关联分析。结果发现,A1/A2位点基因型（AA和AB型）对6周龄Z2系和Z4系北京鸭的腹脂重（P＜0.05）和胸肌重（P＜0.10）有显著影响,因此可以将Myostatin基因作为影响北京鸭Z2系和Z4系腹脂重和胸肌重的候选基因。 相似文献
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多元回归方程估测北京鸭屠体性状的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验测定了202只6周龄北京鸭公鸭的体重X1、体尺性状(体斜长X2、龙骨长X3、胸宽X4)和屠体性状(胸肉重Y1、腿肉重Y2、皮脂重Y3、腹脂重Y4、瘦肉重Y5和脂肪重Y6)共10项指标,在分析体重、体尺性状与屠体性状的相关关系的基础上,以体重、体尺性状为自变量,屠体性状为依变量,构建了估测北京鸭活体屠体性状的回归方程。结果表明:6周龄北京鸭胸肉重、腿肉重、皮脂重、瘦肉重、脂肪重分别与体重、体尺性状呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),腹脂重与体重呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与体尺性状呈显著正相关(P<0.05);建立的6个最优多元回归方程,经F检验回归关系均达极显著水平(P<0.01),各回归系数也均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),表明各方程的自变量与依变量之间真实存在着多元回归关系,可为估测北京鸭活体胸肉重、腿肉重、皮脂重、腹脂重、瘦肉重和脂肪重提供理论依据,具有一定的参考使用价值。 相似文献
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Genetic parameters for carcass traits of 1774 field progeny (1281 steers and 493 heifers), and their genetic relationships with feed efficiency traits of their sire population (740 bulls) were estimated with REML. Feed efficiency traits included feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI). RFI was calculated by the residual of phenotypic (RFIphe) and genetic (RFIgen) regression from the multivariate analysis of feed intake on metabolic weight and daily gain. Progeny traits were carcass weight (CWT), rib eye area (REA), rib thickness (RBT), subcutaneous fat, yield estimate (YEM), marbling score (MSR), meat quality grade, meat color, fat color, meat firmness and meat texture. The estimated heritability for CWT (0.70) was high and heritabilities for all the other traits were moderate (ranged from 0.32 to 0.47), except for meat and fat color and meat texture which were low (ranged from 0.02 to 0.25). The high genetic correlation (0.62) between YEM and MSR suggests that simultaneous improvement of high carcass yield and beef marbling is possible. Estimated genetic correlations of RFI (RFIphe and RFIgen) of sires with CWT (− 0.60 and − 0.53) and MSR (− 0.62 and − 0.50) of their progeny were favorably negative indicating that the selection against RFI of sires may have contributed to produce heavier carcass and increase in beef marbling. The correlated responses in CWT, REA and RBT of progeny were higher to selection against RFI than those to selection against FCR of sires. This study provides evidence that selection against RFI is preferred over selection against FCR in sire population for getting better correlated responses in carcass traits of their progeny. 相似文献
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７头商品鲁西牛胴体第１１肋后缘截面的客观测量值及相应的其它屠宰数据应用ＳＡＳ软件对胴体产肉率进行了回归分析,结果表明半胴体重、皮下脂肪厚、背眼肌面积、腔脂％组建的四元方程对后腿分割肉产率的预测力最大,其次是后躯分割肉产率、全部可食肉产率、主要分割肉产率对全部分割肉产率的预测力最小。眼肌面积是主要分割肉产率最重要的独立预测指标;腔脂％对全部分割肉产率、全部可食肉产率、后躯分割肉产率单独的预测作用最大 相似文献
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基于BLUP和GBLUP方法估计北京油鸡胴体和肉质性状遗传参数的差异 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
旨在比较不同方法对遗传参数估计的差异,为未来北京油鸡胴体和肉质性状选育方法的制定提供参考依据。本研究利用传统最佳线性无偏预测（best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP）和基因组最佳线性无偏预测（genomic best linear unbiased prediction,GBLUP）两种方法对北京油鸡的胴体和肉质等性状进行了遗传参数估计。从系谱较为完整的北京油鸡群体中,选择100日龄体重相近的公鸡615只,测定其100日龄体重（BW）、屠宰率（EP）、胸肌率（BMP）、腿肌率（LMP）、腹脂率（AFP）、嫩度（T,以剪切力值表示）和肌内脂肪（IMF）等性状,并用SNP芯片（Illumina,60K）进行个体基因分型。结果表明,除IMF和剪切力（SF）遗传力基于两种方法的估值存在较大差异外,其余性状利用两种方法得到的遗传力估值差异较小;除嫩度外,GBLUP方法估计的遗传力均低于BLUP方法。所有胴体相关性状中,除屠宰率遗传力为低遗传力外,其余性状均属于中等遗传力性状。嫩度呈现低遗传力,而IMF基于BLUP法和GBLUP法的估计遗传力分别为中等（h2 =0.256）和低遗传力（h2 =0.107）。基于BLUP方法,IMF与BW、BMP和SF 3个性状间均呈高度遗传负相关（-0.572、-0.420、-0.682）,与EP的遗传相关为中度负相关（-0.234）,与AFP的遗传相关为中度正相关（0.420）;基于GBLUP方法,IMF与BW、BMP和SF 3个性状间均呈高度遗传负相关（-0.808、-0.725、-0.784）,与EP的遗传相关为高度负相关（-0.626）,与AFP的遗传相关为低度正相关（0.097）。综上,对于某些性状,基于传统的BLUP方法与新的GBLUP方法得到的遗传力与遗传相关估值存在较大差异,实际育种工作中,为提高育种效率,需要综合考虑。 相似文献
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为探究康县太平鸡的体尺性状、屠宰性状及两者间的相关性,以40周龄的健康太平鸡为研究对象,测定其体尺性状与屠宰性状,并对所有测定性状指标间的相关性进行分析。结果表明：40周龄太平鸡体斜长为21.87 cm、龙骨长为10.70 cm、胫长为9.01 cm、胫围为4.32 cm、胸围为28.05 cm、胸深为10.65 cm、胸宽为6.82 cm、骨盆宽为7.65 cm;宰前活重为1 920.7 g、屠体重为1 712.5 g、半净膛重为1 533.4 g、全净膛重为1 314.3 g、胸肌重为277.6 g、腿肌重为395.5 g、屠宰率为89.1%、半净膛率为79.3%、全净膛率为67.8%、胸肌率为20.8%、腿肌率为27.1%、心重率12.2%、腹脂率3.0%。太平鸡体斜长、胸围、胫长、胫围与屠体重、全净膛重、半净膛重、腿肌重之间呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01）。结论：太平鸡产肉性能好、低脂,体斜长、胸围、胫长、胫围可以作为太平鸡屠宰性能选育的指标。 相似文献
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M.A. Hoque M. Hosono & K. Suzuki 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2009,126(1):14-21
Genetic parameters for feed intake and performance traits of 514 bulls and carcass traits of 22 099 of their progeny, and the relationships of measures of feed intake with performance and carcass traits were estimated. Feed intake traits were dry matter intake (DMI), concentrate intake (CONI), roughage intake, ratio of roughage intake to DMI, metabolizable energy intake (MEI) and digestible crude protein intake (DCPI). Performance traits included daily gain, metabolic weight, live weight at the end of test, dry matter conversion ratio and residual feed intake. Progeny carcass traits were carcass weight, percentage of meat yield, rib eye area (REA), subcutaneous fat, marbling score, meat colour (MCS), fat colour (FCS) and meat quality grade. All the feed intake and performance traits were moderately heritable. The heritabilities for REA and MCS were moderate, and that for FCS was low, while those for the other carcass traits were high. Selection against DMI, CONI and DCPI would reduce excessive intake of feed, but would have undesirable effects on growth and most of the carcass traits. Selection against MEI would lead to improvements in feed efficiency and growth traits. Selection against DCPI would also improve feed efficiency; however, responses in growth traits would decrease. Results indicate that selection against MEI might be better than any other measures of feed intake to improve feed efficiency with simultaneous improvement in growth and most of the carcass traits. 相似文献
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J C Greeff E Safari N M Fogarty D L Hopkins F D Brien K D Atkins S I Mortimer J H J van der Werf 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2008,125(3):205-215
Genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits of about 18-month-old Merino rams (n = 5870), the progeny of 543 sires from three research resource flocks, were estimated. The estimates of heritability for hot carcass weight (HCW) and the various fat and muscle dimension measurements were moderate and ranged from 0.20 to 0.37. The brightness of meat (colour L*, 0.18 +/- 0.03 standard error) and meat pH (0.22 +/- 0.03) also had moderate estimates of heritability, although meat relative redness (colour a*, 0.10 +/- 0.03) and relative yellowness (colour b*, 0.10 +/- 0.03) were lower. Heritability estimates for live weights were moderate and ranged from 0.29 to 0.41 with significant permanent maternal environmental effects (0.13 to 0.10). The heritability estimates for the hogget wool traits were moderate to high and ranged from 0.27 to 0.60. The ultrasound measurements of fat depth (FATUS) and eye muscle depth (EMDUS) on live animals were highly genetically correlated with the corresponding carcass measurements (0.69 +/- 0.09 FATC and 0.77 +/- 0.07 EMD). Carcass tissue depth (FATGR) had moderate to low genetic correlations with carcass muscle measurements [0.18 +/- 0.10 EMD and 0.05 +/- 0.10 eye muscle area (EMA)], while those with FATC were negative. The genetic correlation between EMD and eye muscle width (EMW) was 0.41 +/- 0.08, while EMA was highly correlated with EMD (0.89 +/- 0.0) and EMW (0.78 +/- 0.04). The genetic correlations for muscle colour with muscle measurements were moderately negative, while those with fat measurements were close to zero. Meat pH was positively correlated with muscle measurements (0.14 to 0.17) and negatively correlated with fat measurements (-0.06 to -0.18). EMDUS also showed a similar pattern of correlations to EMD with meat quality indicator traits, although FATUS had positive correlations with these traits which were generally smaller than their standard error. The genetic correlations among the meat colour traits were high and positive while those with meat pH were high and negative, which were all in the favourable direction. Generally, phenotypic correlations were similar or slightly lower than the corresponding genetic correlations. There were generally small to moderate negative genetic correlations between clean fleece weight (CFW) and carcass fat traits while those with muscle traits were close to zero. As the Merino is already a relatively lean breed, this implies that particular attention should be given to this relationship in Merino breeding programmes to prevent the reduction of fat reserves as a correlated response to selection for increased fleece weight. The ultrasound scan traits generally showed a similar pattern to the corresponding carcass fat and muscle traits. There was a small unfavourable genetic correlation between CFW and meat pH (0.19 +/- 0.07). 相似文献
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用北京鸭主要体尺体重指标制定胸肉重、胸肉率的综合选择指数初探 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
试验测定了三项北京鸭7周龄体尺指标、胸肉重、胸肉率和两项体重指标，估计了其遗传力和它们之间的表型和遗传相关。结果表明，胸肉重、胸肉率、体重、龙骨长、胸宽和胸肉厚的遗传力分别为0．61、0．43、0．43、0．45、0、42和0．36。体重、龙骨长、胸宽和胸肉厚四项指标与胸肉重的遗传相关分别为0．78、0．76、0．76和0．76；龙骨长、胸宽、胸肉厚三项指标与胸肉率的遗传相关分别为0．66、0．71、0．71。用体重(P1)、龙骨长(P2)、胸宽(P3)和胸肉厚(P4)制定出的胸肉重间接选种的综合选择指数为：I1=2．96P1 P2 1．56P3 1．2P4；用龙骨长(P1)、胸宽(P2)和胸肉厚(P3)制定出的胸肉率间接选种的综合选择指数为：I2=1．79P1 5．18P2 P3。 相似文献