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1.
1日龄AA肉仔鸡250只,随机分为5组,每组设5个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组(Ⅰ)喂给基础日粮,试验组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ)分别在基础日粮中添加脱乙酰度分别为82.5%、86.2%、90.5%和95.3%的壳聚糖10g/kg。试验期7周。试验结果表明:1～21日龄,添加壳聚糖各组对肉仔鸡日增重均有不同程度的抑制作用,但差异不显著;22～49日龄中添加脱乙酰度95.3%壳聚糖,具有一定的促生长作用。在肉仔鸡生长全期添加不同脱乙酰度的壳聚糖(10g/kg)对肉仔鸡生长性能无显著影响;在日粮中添加不同脱乙酰度壳聚糖对肉仔鸡腹脂和血脂有一定的抑制作用,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

2.
日粮中25-OH-D3、VD3不同水平组合对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
试验分为5个处理组,25-OH-D3(μg/kg)、VD3(IU/kg)的添加量分别为0、2760,69、0,34.5、1380,34.5、2760,69、1380,每组4个重复,每个重复10只健康艾维茵肉公雏,共200只,研究25-OH-D3和VD3不同添加水平组合对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响。结果表明,各处理组肉仔鸡生长性能均较好,而且相互之间的差异均不显著(P>0.05)。日粮中组合添加25-OH-D334.5μg/kg和VD31380 IU/kg时,肉仔鸡的生长性能最佳。  相似文献   

3.
本试验旨在研究八角及其精油和残渣对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道发育和养分利用率的影响。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将1日龄爱拔益加肉仔鸡384只随机分为4组,每组12个重复,每个重复8只。对照组肉仔鸡饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组肉仔鸡分别饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上添加5 g/kg八角(八角组)、0.2 g/kg八角精油(精油组)和5 g/kg八角残渣(残渣组)的饲粮。八角组和精油组饲粮中反式茴香脑含量为0.204 g/kg,对照组和残渣组饲粮中反式茴香脑含量低于0.005 g/kg。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)八角组和精油组肉仔鸡平均日增重和平均日采食量显著高于对照组(P0.05),残渣组与对照组没有显著差异(P0.05)。与对照组和残渣组相比,饲粮中添加八角和八角精油显著提高了肉仔鸡21日龄体重(P0.05)。2)与对照组和残渣组相比,八角组和精油组肉仔鸡空肠的相对长度显著提高(P0.05),同时精油组小肠的相对重量显著提高(P0.05);此外,八角组和精油组肉仔鸡空肠的相对重量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)与对照组和残渣组相比,饲粮中添加八角和八角精油显著提高了十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度(P0.05)。4)精油组粗蛋白质的表观和真实利用率及表观和真实代谢能均显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加5 g/kg八角或0.2 g/kg八角精油均可改善肉仔鸡的生长性能、肠道发育,并提高肉仔鸡对养分的消化利用,而添加5 g/kg八角残渣没有此作用效果。  相似文献   

4.
试验旨在研究日粮壳聚糖对肉仔鸡血清应激激素促肾上腺皮质素(ACTH)和皮质酮(COR)水平的影响。试验选择1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡(公母各半)240只,随机分为6个日粮处理组,每个处理组5个重复,每个重复组8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其它5种试验日粮分别是在基础日粮中添加50、200、500、1000和2000mg/kg的壳聚糖。试验期42d。结果表明,壳聚糖对肉仔鸡血清ACTH及COR水平的影响呈剂量依赖关系。随日粮壳聚糖添加量的增加,血清ACTH及COR水平呈现显著二次曲线降低趋势(P<0.05)。其中,以500~1000mg/kg壳聚糖组较低;但当壳聚糖添加量提高到2000mg/kg时,肉仔鸡血清ACTH和COR水平都有不同程度的升高趋势。  相似文献   

5.
试验旨在研究胍基乙酸对AA肉仔鸡生长性能和经济效益的影响。试验一选用432只1日龄商品代AA肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为4个处理组,每组6个重复,每重复18只,试验期42 d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余3个处理组分别在基础日粮中添加200、400和600 mg/kg胍基乙酸。结果表明,日粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸可显著提高肉仔鸡平均日增质量和降低其生长全期料重比(P005)。试验二选用3万只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为2个处理组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸,试验期43 d。结果表明,与对照组相比试验组平均日增质量提高930 g,料重比降低011,造肉成本降低018元/kg,成活率提高128%及欧益指数提高7471。综上所述,胍基乙酸能有效改善AA肉仔鸡生长性能,提高肉仔鸡养殖经济效益。  相似文献   

6.
试验研究日粮中禽脂水平(30和24 g/kg)以及是否添加外源乳化剂溶血卵磷脂(LPC)对肉仔鸡生长性能、脂肪酸表观消化率以及日粮表观代谢能(AME)的影响.本试验选用168只1日龄AA肉仔鸡(公雏),按照2×2因子设计,分4个处理,每个处理7个重复,每个重复6只鸡.试验中测定生长性能、营养物质表观消化率以及日粮AME.结果表明,禽脂添加水平对肉仔鸡生长性能、脂肪酸表观消化率以及日粮AME没有显著影响(P>0.05).日粮中添加LPC提高肉仔鸡体增重(P<0.05)、降低料重比(P<0.05)、提高14～17日龄日粮AME(P<0.05).添加LPC有提高14～17日龄肉仔鸡粗脂肪表观消化率的趋势(P=0.086).日粮中添加外源乳化剂LPC提高了C18:0脂肪酸的表观消化率(P<0.05),对其他脂肪酸、粗蛋白质以及粗脂肪表观消化率没有显著影响(P>0.05).这些结果表明,在含禽脂的日粮中添加500 mg/kg LPC能改善肉仔鸡生长性能;LPC改善肉仔鸡生长性能的作用是通过提高脂肪表观消化率实现的.  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在研究有机与无机微量元素的不同比例对肉仔鸡生长性能、血液生化指标、血清和组织中微量元素含量及胫骨性能指标的影响。试验选用1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡400只,随机分成5组,每组8个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验共设5个组,I组为对照组,以无机盐形式添加铁(Fe)100 mg/kg、铜(Cu)20 mg/kg、锰(Mn)120 mg/kg和锌(Zn)120 mg/kg;Ⅱ~Ⅴ组分别用30%、50%、70%和100%的有机微量元素(OTM)替代对照组相应的无机微量元素(ITM),各组元素的添加水平保持一致。试验期为42 d。结果表明:1)肉仔鸡饲粮中使用30%和50%的OTM替代ITM,4~6周龄和1~6周龄的料重比(F/G)显著低于对照组(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加50%OTM+50%ITM的肉仔鸡肝脏Cu、Mn含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性最高;3)肉仔鸡饲粮中添加70%OTM+30%ITM能显著提高血清中Fe的含量(P0.05)。综上所述,在肉仔鸡基础饲粮中用50%的有机微量元素替代相应比例的无机微量元素对肉仔鸡生长性能、微量元素沉积和SOD活性的提高有良好的效果。  相似文献   

8.
试验旨在研究饲料中添加不同剂量的卷心菜浆液对肉鸡生长性能和肠道发育的影响。选取健康、体重相近的1日龄肉仔鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加10、15、20 g/kg卷心菜浆液,试验期42 d。于试验第21、42天分别称重、计算采食量,采集十二指肠、空肠、回肠检测肠道发育指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组22～42日龄的采食量、日增重显著提高(P0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮中添加15、20 g/kg卷心菜浆液,能够显著提高肉仔鸡21日龄的十二指肠绒毛长度、绒毛/隐窝比和42日龄的绒毛长度(P0.05),饲粮中添加20 g/kg卷心菜浆液,能够显著提高肉仔鸡21日龄的空肠绒毛长度、隐窝深度和42日龄回肠平滑肌厚度(P0.05)。提示在试验条件下,饲粮中添加卷心菜浆液,可改善肉鸡肠道发育状况,20 g/kg为较合适的添加剂量。  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在考察叶酸添加水平对肉仔鸡血清中脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)含量以及肝脏中脂肪代谢相关基因表达和甲基化的影响。选择1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡300只,随机分成3组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加5和10 mg/kg叶酸的试验饲粮。试验期为42 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加10 mg/kg叶酸显著降低了21日龄肉仔鸡血清中LPL活性(P<0.05);饲粮中添加5和10 mg/kg叶酸极显著降低了42日龄肉仔鸡血清中LPL活性(P<0.01),极显著提高了21和42日龄肉仔鸡血清中PPARγ含量(P<0.01),极显著降低了21和42日龄肉仔鸡血清中FAS活性(P<0.01)。2)实时荧光定量PCR结果发现,饲粮中添加5和10 mg/kg叶酸均未显著影响42日龄肉仔鸡肝脏中LPL和PPARγ基因的相对表达量(P>0.05),但均显著降低了FAS基因的相对表达量(P <0.05)。3)甲基化分析显示,饲粮中添加5和10 mg/kg叶酸均未显著影响42日龄肉仔鸡肝脏中LPL和PPARγ基因的甲基化比率(P>0.05),但饲粮中添加5 mg/kg叶酸极显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡肝脏中FAS基因的甲基化比率(P<0.01)。由此得出,饲粮中添加5和10 mg/kg叶酸极显著降低了42日龄肉仔鸡血清中LPL和FAS的活性,极显著增加了PPARγ的含量,显著降低了肝脏中FAS基因的表达;此外,饲粮中添加5 mg/kg叶酸还极显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡肝脏中FAS基因的甲基化水平。  相似文献   

10.
研究日粮锌水平对4~6周龄肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响。360只1日龄Arbor Acres(AA)肉公雏,0~3周龄统一饲喂同种日粮(含锌86.25 mg/kg),于22日龄从中选取288只鸡按体重随机分成8个处理,每个处理分6个重复笼饲养,每个重复笼6只鸡。分别饲喂不添加锌的玉米-豆粕型基础日粮(对照组,含锌27.66 mg/kg)和在基础日粮中分别添加20、40、60、80、100、120和140 mg/kg锌(试剂级硫酸锌)日粮。试验期21 d。研究结果表明,日粮锌水平对4~6周龄肉仔鸡生长和胴体性能均无显著影响(P>0.10),但日粮中添加适宜水平的锌可显著降低肉仔鸡胸肌、腿肌的滴水损失和胸肌丙二醛含量,提高胸肌L*值(P<0.10)。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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