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1.
流行病学调查表明，肉鸭鸭疫氏杆菌病最是发病日龄为１０日龄，直至出售中仍在发病，发病率５％－９０％，死亡率５％－６０％，是肉鸭饲养中的一大传染病。对自然病例和人工感染病例剖检，本病的特征性病理变化为纤维素性心包炎、胸膜炎、气囊炎和肝周炎。疫区病鸭体内分离的１０朱细菌，经培养特性和生化试验鉴定均为鸭疫巴氏杆菌；分离的菌株通过易感鸭感染试验获得成功，证明该菌具有致病性  相似文献   

2.
武汉地区鸭疫巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  
２０００年３～５月,对送检于华中农业大学兽医院的病鸭进行病理剖检及细菌分离鉴定,确定送检病例５０％以上由鸭疫巴氏杆菌（ＰＡ）引起,其发病日龄为７～５０日龄。从病鸭的脑脊液、心血、肝等均易分离到ＰＡ。药敏试验显示所有菌株对氯霉素高度敏感。此次试验结果说明,在武汉地区鸭疫巴氏杆菌确已存在,并已成为严重危害当地养鸭业的重要疾病之一。  相似文献   

3.
１９９９年４月和５月，在镇江郊区某鸭场有两批樱桃谷肉鸭发生了以纤维素性渗出性变化，肝周炎、心包炎、气囊炎为主要病变的疫病。第一批２０００只肉鸭在３天内发病９２０只，死亡２５６只，发病率４６％，死亡率１２．８％。第１批病肉鸭经送市畜牧兽医站临床剖检及实验室诊断，同时取病料到扬州大学微生物教研室进行细菌分离、血清型鉴定和生化试验，确诊是由Ⅱ型鸭疫里氏杆菌感染所致，现将情况报告如下。１发病情况该鸭场于１９９９年４月２５日从常州某炕房购进樱桃谷肉鸭２０００只进行饲养，饲喂某正大公司生产的肉鸭料。该鸭场鸭…  相似文献   

4.
1995年11月,某鸭场一批樱桃谷肉鸭发生疫病,一栏520羽鸭,在一周内死亡360多羽,病鸭主要病变为纤维素性心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、腹膜炎等变化,经分离培养,确诊为鸭疫巴氏杆菌与大肠杆菌混合感染,现将有关情况报道如下:1 临床症状发病鸭群约18日龄,病鸭临床上主要表现为精神不振、拉绿色稀粪、头颈震颤、昏睡,有轻度罗音.开始死亡较急,后逐渐趋缓,一周内,520羽鸭子死亡360多羽,死亡率高达69.2%.  相似文献   

5.
肉鸭爆发鸭疫巴氏杆菌病的诊疗徐健（湖北省石首市畜禽开发公司４３４４００）石首市一养鸭专业户饲养的２４００只樱桃谷肉仔鸭于２０日时，突然发病。发病初期，曾用链霉素（５００单位／只）经饮水投服治疗二天，但无明显疗效，仍发生大批死亡，死亡率达２８．５／。经...  相似文献   

6.
1999年4月和5月,镇江币郊区某鸭场的两批樱桃谷肉雏鸭发生了以纤维素性渗出性变化,肝周炎、心包炎、气囊炎为主要病变的疫病。肉鸭经临诊剖检和实验室初步诊断,同时取病料到扬州大学畜牧兽医学院微生物教研组进行细菌分离、血清型鉴定及生化试验,确诊此疫病是由n型鸭疫里氏杆菌感染所致,现将情况报道如下。1发病情况该鸭场于1999年4月25日从常州某炕房捉进樱桃谷肉雏鸭2000只进行饲养,饲喂某公司生产的肉鸭料,鸭舍卫生状况较差,采用套养方式进行饲养,每隔！0－12d进一批雏鸭,消毒不严格。肉雏鸭在匕日龄时发病,到18日龄时3d时间…  相似文献   

7.
鸭疫巴氏杆菌病又称鸭传染性浆膜炎,是鸭的一种接触性传染病.一般10～40日龄发病,但以15～30日龄发病最多,发病率为30%～95%,病死率30%左右,最高可达80%,病后康复鸭生长缓慢.  相似文献   

8.
鸭疫巴氏杆菌病又称新鸭病、鸭败血症、鸭疫败血症和传染性浆膜炎 ,是由革兰氏阴性巴氏杆菌引起的一种急性或慢性疾病。其主要特征是纤维性心胞炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、脑膜炎和关节炎 ,1～ 8周龄的雏鸭高度易感 ,2～ 4周龄雏鸭最为严重 ,种鸭及产蛋的蛋鸭罕见发病 ,发病率、死亡率与季节、饲养管理条件有关 ,以低温、阴雨季节较为严重 ,死亡原因主要是关节炎导致运动失调以致无法采食而死亡 ,死亡率为 2 0 %～70 % ,本病潜伏期 1～ 3d ,长者可达 7～ 8d。主要通过呼吸道感染 ,其次为创口感染 ,也可通过种蛋传递。2 0 0 2年广南县珠琳镇糯者新…  相似文献   

9.
鸭疫巴氏杆菌病，又称鸭传染性浆膜炎，是由鸭疫巴氏杆菌即鸭疫里默氏杆菌引起鸭的一种急性或慢性接触性传染病。我市从１９９５年在甘棠发现本病以来，其危害性日益突出，已成为影响我市养鸭业的一种主要传染病。为了更好地防治本病，提高广大鸭农饲养效益，现将本市鸭疫巴氏杆菌的诊治情况介绍如下：１流行病学本病主要发生于７～５６日龄的麻鸭、半番鸭和番鸭，其中以２～３周龄的鸭最易感，而１周龄以下和８周龄以上的不易感染发病。本病在我市一年四季均有发生，但以冬春气候变化剧烈时较易感，此外，还与栏舍环境、饲管水平及其它…  相似文献   

10.
郑州市郊某肉鸭饲养户,购入北京肉鸭２０００只,１８日龄时突然发病并死亡３１只,以后９日内共死亡４２２只,死亡率为２１．１％,经综合诊断,确诊为鸭疫巴氏杆菌与大肠杆菌混合感染。一、临诊症状病鸭嗜眠、缩颈、腿软,不愿走动,食欲减少,眼有粘液性分泌物,粪便...  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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