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发芽糙米具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、延缓衰老等保健功能,其中抗氧化活性是其他生物活性的基础。通过测定发芽糙米水提取液清除超氧阴离子活性,研究了发芽糙米在发芽过程及干燥过程中抗氧化活性的变化规律。结果表明,发芽后,抗氧化活性显著增强,在6~18 h,抗氧化活性增加速度很快;但是发芽糙米在干燥过程中其抗氧化活性降低,65℃干燥1.5 h或微波干燥对发芽糙米抗氧化活性破坏较小。 相似文献
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以还原能力和超氧阴离子抑制率为抗氧化指标,确定鹰嘴豆抗氧化多肽与其它抗氧化剂（Vc、VE及BHT）的协同抗氧化作用。结果表明：VE、Vc在低浓度时与鹰嘴豆抗氧化肽具有协同的还原能力,BHT与鹰嘴豆抗氧化肽未表现出协同还原能力;Vc、VE与鹰嘴豆抗氧化肽未显示出显著抑制超氧阴离子的协同效应,但BHT与鹰嘴豆抗氧化多肽表现出明显的抑制超氧阴离子的协同效应;且所有的协同作用随添加量和作用时间的增加而增强。 相似文献
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绞股蓝具有很强的抗氧化能力,为了确定绞股蓝抗氧化过程中起主要作用的功能成分,对绞股蓝进行初步分离、提取,并研究各提取片段的体外抗氧化活性。实验数据显示,在绞股蓝3种相提取物中,乙酸乙酯相在试验的浓度范围内所具有的抗氧化活性最强,是绞股蓝抗氧化作用的主要成分。 相似文献
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采用LC-MS/MS法检测分子量＜5 kDa的牦牛血抗氧化低聚肽的肽段组成及其序列,根据其氨基酸组成、肽段序列、活性位点以及分子量筛选出可能具有较好抗氧化活性的肽段7条,采用6种不同的体外抗氧化活性测定方法评价其抗氧化活性。结果表明,RRHPYFYAPELL、TLPDTEKQIKKQ、VLKDLKELVFYYLIMAKGGIVRS、EKKFWGKYLYEIARRHPYFYAPE、GPTQEFKKR、KFWGKYLYEIAR RHPYFYAPE、VSRSLGKVGTR这7条肽段均具有较好的体外抗氧化活性;其中,RRHPYFYAPELL在 ·OH清除力、ABTS+·清除力、DPPH·清除力、总抗氧化力、脂质过氧化抑制能力上均表现最好,GPTQEFKKR在还原力上表现最好。这与不同体外抗氧化活性检测方法中Leu、His、Tyr、Phe、Lys、Gln和 Pro残基对抗氧化活性的影响不同有关。此外,与本研究前期试验制备的分子量＜1 kDa的牦牛血抗氧化低聚肽比较,GPTQEFKKR、RRHPYFYAPELL在6个抗氧化指标上均无显著差异,表现出良好的体外抗氧化活性。 相似文献
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鹅掌楸抗氧化物质提取及其特性的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了研究鹅掌楸的抗氧化活性,为开发有应用前景的天然抗氧化剂奠定基础,以亚油酸过氧化抑制率为参照,通过单因素试验和正交试验研究了鹅掌楸抗氧化物质的最优提取条件,以及pH值和热处理对其抗氧化活性的影响,并探讨了鹅掌楸抗氧化物质对油脂抗氧化的作用。结果表明,鹅掌楸抗氧化物质提取的最佳条件为：乙醇体积分数为75%,料液比1:12,提取时间5 min,微波功率210 W。热处理对其抗氧化能力的影响较大,pH值的影响不显著;鹅掌楸提取物对猪油的抗氧化作用明显,且随着鹅掌楸提取物浓度的增大,其抑制猪油生成氢过氧化物的能力增强。VE和柠檬酸对鹅掌楸提取物的抗氧化作用有协同作用,协同增效的强弱顺序为：柠檬酸>VE,而VC没有明显的协同增效作用。 相似文献
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红枣中富含多种抗氧化活性成分,具有良好的抗氧化能力。综述了红枣不同成熟阶段、不同部位、黑化前后和不同品种抗氧化活性成分和抗氧化能力的差异,并对红枣产业的发展进行了展望,以期为红枣的进一步开发和利用提供借鉴。 相似文献
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喹乙醇对小鼠血清抗氧化酶系活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
摘要：按毒理学方法给小鼠灌喂不同剂量喹乙醇,探讨喹乙醇对小鼠血清抗氧化功能的影响。结果表明：喹乙醇对机体抗氧化功能的影响显著。低剂量会增强小鼠血清中的T-AOC,而高剂量则会产生一定的抑制作用。高剂量喹乙醇会使血清中SOD和GSH-Px的活力升高,MDA含量下降,说明喹乙醇引起动物机体抗氧化能力的降低应该是由GSH-Px和SOD以外的其他抗氧化因素来控制的,这些抗氧化因素不但中和了SOD和GSH-Px被诱导后的活力效应,而且明显降低了机体的抗氧化水平。 相似文献
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以羟自由基清除率、DPPH自由基清除率、还原能力的测定、螯合亚铁离子能力的测定为体外抗氧化能力评价指标,从皖北地区不同腌制菜中分离出20株乳酸菌,比较其菌体细胞和无细胞提取物的抗氧化活性。结果表明,不同乳酸菌的抗氧化能力存在差异,菌体细胞DPPH自由基清除率比无细胞提取物的强,而羟自由基清除能力和螯合亚铁离子能力两者相差不大,无细胞提取物的还原能力相对于菌体的还原能力更强。总体上,菌株7-1的抗氧化能力较好。其中,菌株7-1,3-3,A-1的菌体细胞抗氧化能力强,菌株3-1,3-5,10-1的无细胞提取物抗氧化能力强。研究为后续乳酸菌抗氧化方面的应用研究提供优良的菌种资源。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
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Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献