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1.
《农产品加工．学刊》2020,(10)
以抗氧化能力为评价指标,通过单因素试验及正交试验确定辣木叶提取液的最优提取工艺,并以辣木叶提取液、百香果汁为主要原料,通过单因素试验及正交试验方法确定辣木百香果饮料的最佳配方。结果表明,辣木叶提取液的最优浸提工艺为提取温度60℃,提取时间50 min,料液比1∶10,乙醇体积分数60%,在该条件下得到的提取液总抗氧化值为69.067 U/mL;辣木百香果饮料的最佳配方为复配比(辣木叶提取液∶百香果汁) 7∶3,复配液添加量30%,柠檬酸添加量0.05%,白砂糖添加量10%,总抗氧化值为19.733 U/mL,较市售5种饮料高。所得饮料具有抗氧化功能、独特辣木风味和百香果层次口感。 相似文献
2.
以优质的白茅根和淡竹叶为原料，经过切割、浸泡、过滤步骤后辅以适当的蜂蜜、柠檬酸等进行调配，并对白茅根添加量、淡竹叶添加量、蜂蜜添加量、柠檬酸添加量4个因素进行单因素试验，在此基础上进行正交试验，优化白茅根-淡竹叶复合运动饮料的工艺配方。结果表明，白茅根-淡竹叶复合运动饮料的最佳工艺配方为：白茅根添加量4.0 g，淡竹叶添加量5.0 g，蜂蜜添加量6.5 g，柠檬酸添加量0.3 g。按此条件生产出的白茅根-淡竹叶复合运动饮料口感较佳，营养丰富。小鼠试验表明，小鼠经连续白茅根-淡竹叶复合运动饮料灌胃30 d后，与对照（灌胃等体积的0.85%生理盐水）相比，负重游泳时间显著延长，说明白茅根淡竹叶复合运动饮料具有一定的抗运动疲劳效果。 相似文献
3.
以燕麦和鹰嘴豆为原料,参考联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织（FAO/WHO）规定的氨基酸组成标准模式,确定了燕麦和鹰嘴豆最佳氨基酸互补质量比为138∶18。在单因素试验的基础上对燕麦鹰嘴豆复合饮料配方进行正交试验优化,并在最佳复合饮料配方基础上,通过响应面试验对其稳定性进行优化。结果表明,燕麦鹰嘴豆复合饮料最佳配方为：料液比（燕麦鹰嘴豆复合粉∶水）1∶16（g/mL）,白砂糖添加量20 g/L,柠檬酸添加量2 g/L,在此条件下配制的复合饮料口感最佳,感官评分为88.63±0.97分;燕麦鹰嘴豆复合饮料最佳稳定剂配方为：羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）添加量0.8 g/L,黄原胶添加量0.5 g/L,海藻酸钠添加量0.3 g/L,在此条件下复合饮料稳定性最高,离心沉淀率为12.40%±0.07%。该试验结果为谷豆类复合饮料加工提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
4.
以海棠果、灵芝、桂花为主要原料,蔗糖、柠檬酸、β-环状糊精、黄原胶、CMC-Na为辅料,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验和响应面试验优化海棠灵芝桂花复合饮料配方,并提高其稳定性。结果表明,海棠灵芝桂花复合饮料的最佳配方为：海棠果汁添加量50%,灵芝汁添加量6%,桂花汁添加量12%,蔗糖添加量100 g/L,柠檬酸添加量0.2 g/L;复合稳定剂配方为：黄原胶添加量0.3 g/L,CMC-Na添加量0.4 g/L,β-环糊精添加量0.6 g/L。按此配方制备的复合饮料产品外观呈橙黄色,口感酸甜柔和,具有海棠果、灵芝、桂花的香气。 相似文献
5.
以鼠曲草为原料,采用水提法提取鼠曲草中的黄酮类物质,再将鼠曲草水提液、柠檬酸、白砂糖、羧甲基纤维素钠进行调配,制作鼠曲草黄酮饮料。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验分别对鼠曲草黄酮水浸提工艺及鼠曲草黄酮饮料配方进行优化。结果表明,鼠曲草黄酮的最佳浸提工艺为：浸提料液比1∶130(g/mL),浸泡时间30 min,提取时间2.5 h,浸提温度80℃;鼠曲草黄酮饮料最佳配方为：以100 m L饮料计,鼠曲草水提液添加量40 mL,白砂糖添加量9 g,柠檬酸添加量0.05 g,羧甲基纤维素钠添加量0.05 g。按此配方制备的饮料可溶性固形物含量8.39%,总黄酮含量6.56 mg/100 mL。按上述工艺配方制备的鼠曲草黄酮饮料呈青绿色,具有鼠曲草的清香,酸甜适口。 相似文献
6.
以欧李、山楂、沙棘为原料,研制复合饮料,以感官评价为指标,通过单因素和正交试验确定最佳配方,并考察其对小鼠力竭游泳时间和运动后体内生化指标的影响。结果表明,欧李山楂沙棘复合饮料最佳配方为：欧李汁添加量40.0%,山楂汁添加量15.0%,沙棘汁添加量1.0%,蔗糖添加量14 g/L;与空白组相比,该复合饮料能显著延长小鼠的负重游泳时间,增强小鼠体内肝糖原（HG）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和还原型谷胱甘肽酶（GSH）的活性,并降低血乳酸（BLA）、血尿素氮（BUN）及丙二醛（MDA）含量,具有一定的抗疲劳功效,适用于运动营养领域。 相似文献
7.
《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(20)
采用红枣、薏米、蒲公英进行单因素试验和L9(34)正交试验,探讨了制作红枣薏米蒲公英复合饮料的生产工艺。试验表明,混合液的配比为蒲公英汁料液比1∶15,红枣汁料液比1∶7,薏米汁料液比1∶4,三者体积比为6∶2∶1;每100 m L红枣薏米蒲公英复合饮料的最佳配方为蒲公英汁20 m L,红枣汁6.7 m L,煮沸后的薏米汁3.3 m L,甜味剂添加量6 g,酸味剂添加量0.07 g,黄原胶添加量0.02 g,山梨酸钾添加量0.6 g,加水至100 m L。该复合饮料风味好、色泽浅、口味适宜,且有一定的保健功效。 相似文献
8.
通过在苹果醋中添加山楂汁、决明子汁、木糖醇、柠檬酸,开发一种复合型饮料。以感官评分为指标,采用单因素试验结合正交试验筛选最优配方。结果表明,复合饮料最佳配方为：以苹果醋为基液,山楂汁添加量20%,决明子汁添加量15%,木糖醇添加量10 g/L,柠檬酸添加量0.15 g/L;按该配方制备的山楂决明子苹果醋复合饮料,色泽透亮、口感纯正、酸甜可口、具有山楂和苹果特有的果香味;蛋白质含量为8.6 mg/100 mL,总酸含量为5.9 g/100 mL,总糖含量为3.6 mg/100 mL,微生物指标检测结果符合相关国家标准。 相似文献
9.
研究一款以红枣和灵芝多糖为主要原料的新型饮料。以超临界CO2萃取灵芝孢子油后所剩的灵芝孢子粉为原料,经水提醇沉技术获得灵芝多糖;通过单因素试验和正交试验等方法对红枣灵芝多糖复合饮料的制备及稳定性进行研究。结果表明,红枣汁最佳制备工艺为：红枣清洗去核,以液料比30∶1（mL/mg）的比例加入水,煮沸30 min后,用超声水提处理2次,超声提取70 min,温度70 ℃;灵芝多糖最佳提取条件为：液料比35∶1（mL/mg）,提取温度40 ℃,超声波功率600 W下提取90 min;红枣灵芝多糖复合饮料最佳配方为：红枣汁添加量250 g/L,灵芝多糖添加量50 g/L,柠檬酸添加量15 g/L,木糖醇添加量40 g/L,壳聚糖添加量0.2 g/L。所得产品口感饱满、风味鲜美且稳定性好,是一种新型的集营养与保健于一体的多功能复合饮品。红枣灵芝多糖复合饮料的开发满足了目前功能性产品开发趋势的需求,同时,也可为优质功能性红枣产品、灵芝多糖产品的开发提供借鉴。 相似文献
10.
以鼠曲草、胡萝卜和苹果为主要原料研制保健饮料。通过正交试验优化超声波辅助水提法提取鼠曲草中有效成分的工艺条件以及复合饮料配方。结果表明,鼠曲草有效成分的最佳浸提工艺参数为:料液比1∶100(g/m L),超声功率160 W,提取温度80℃,提取时间20 min,此时黄酮得率为2.82 mg/g;鼠曲草苹果胡萝卜复合饮料的最佳配方为:苹果汁与胡萝汁比1∶1(m∶m),鼠曲草浸提液添加量10%,蔗糖添加量8%,柠檬酸添加量0.20%。按此工艺制得的饮料为均匀的橙红色,组织细腻,滋味柔和,酸甜可口,具有苹果、胡萝卜和鼠曲草的清香。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献