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本试验旨在研究饲粮消化能水平和可消化赖氨酸与消化能比值对长白×荣昌(长荣)杂交生长猪生长性能及胴体品质的影响。试验选用144头初始体重约为27.05 kg的健康长荣杂交猪,按体重相近、公母各占1/2的原则随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复4头猪。采用2×3因子设计,即饲粮消化能水平分别为13.00和14.50 MJ/kg,饲粮可消化赖氨酸与消化能比值分别为0.50、0.60和0.70 g/MJ。分别测定生长猪的生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质和血清生化指标。结果表明:饲粮消化能水平升高,显著提高生长猪平均日增重、胴体重、屠宰率和血清尿素氮含量(P<0.05),显著降低平均日采食量、料重比和滴水损失(P<0.05),且有提高血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P=0.07)及降低血清甘油三酯含量(P=0.06)的趋势。随着饲粮可消化赖氨酸与消化能比值的增加,生长猪眼肌面积、血清尿素氮和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著增加(P<0.05),肌内脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05),且料重比有提高的趋势(P=0.05),平均背膘厚呈降低的趋势(P=0.09)。饲粮消化能水平和可消化赖氨酸与消化能比值对生长猪胴体瘦肉率、血清尿素氮、肌肉pH45 min和pH24 h的影响存在显著交互效应(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,在保持氨基酸模式一致条件下,饲粮消化能和可消化赖氨酸水平对长荣生长猪的生长性能和胴体品质影响显著,综合评定可知,生长阶段的长荣猪最佳生长潜能和最优胴体品质所需的饲粮消化能和可消化赖氨酸水平分别为14.50 MJ/kg和0.73%。 相似文献
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营养水平对鲁农2号生长猪屠宰性能和肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用108头鲁农2号生长猪(49.58±1.49)kg,随机区组,分为3个处理组,每处理4个重复,每重复(圈)9头猪,在保持日粮消化能/粗蛋白质比例不变的情况下,分为高、中、低3个营养水平组,研究日粮不同消化能和粗蛋白质水平对鲁农2号生长猪屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。试验分50～80 kg和80～100 kg两个体重阶段饲养,当试验猪平均体重达到100 kg时进行屠宰,测定屠宰性能和肉品质。结果表明:3个处理组的背膘厚、眼肌面积、后腿重、后腿比例、脂肪率、屠宰率和瘦肉率均差异不显著(P>0.05);除大理石纹外,3个处理组的肉品质差异也不显著(P>0.05)。这预示着低能量和粗蛋白质日粮饲喂鲁农2号生长猪可以获得与高能量粗蛋白质日粮相近的屠宰性能和肉品质。 相似文献
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选择体重35kg左右的杂交猪34头,采用饲养试验和屠宰试验,研究了育肥结束体重和屠宰体重对试验猪的肥育性能及胴体肉品质的影响。结果显示:育肥结束体重在85~110 kg阶段对试验猪的生长肥育性能没有显著的影响;屠宰体重除对屠宰率形成显著差异外,对试验猪的其它胴体性能及肉品质影响不明显;采用综合选择指数对试验猪肥育性能及胴体肉品质进行综合评定,结果显示,体重在95~100kg阶段结束育肥并屠宰的试验猪生长性能及胴体肉品质的综合选择指数最大。因此,在该试验日粮水平下杜莱商品猪的适宜育肥结束及屠宰体重为95~100kg。 相似文献
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本研究旨在探讨饲粮粗蛋白质水平和氨基酸平衡性对肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响。选取平均初始体重为(69.3±3.6)kg的杜×长×大去势公猪125头,随机分为5个组,每组5个重复,每个重复5头猪。5个组分别为:高蛋白质饲粮组(粗蛋白质水平约为14%)、低蛋白质(粗蛋白质水平约为10%)-氨基酸平衡饲粮组以及3个低蛋白质(粗蛋白质水平约为10%)-氨基酸不平衡饲粮组(在低蛋白质-氨基酸平衡饲粮组的基础上分别将含硫氨基酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸与赖氨酸的比例降低10%)。所有饲粮的标准回肠可消化赖氨酸水平均设置为0.71%,低蛋白质-氨基酸平衡饲粮组中标准回肠可消化苏氨酸、标准回肠可消化含硫氨基酸和标准回肠可消化色氨酸与标准回肠可消化赖氨酸的比值分别为0.67、0.60和0.20。试验期为28 d。结果显示:与低蛋白质-氨基酸平衡饲粮组相比,高蛋白质饲粮组肥育猪的平均日采食量有下降趋势(P=0.05),低蛋白质-低色氨酸饲粮组肥育猪平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著下降(P0.05),低蛋白质-低苏氨酸饲粮组和低蛋白质-低含硫氨基酸饲粮组肥育猪的生长性能无显著差异(P0.05)。饲粮粗蛋白质水平和氨基酸平衡性对肥育猪的胴体性状和肉品质无显著影响(P0.05)。因此,低蛋白质-氨基酸平衡饲粮不影响育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质,分别降低10%标准回肠可消化含硫氨基酸、标准回肠可消化色氨酸和标准回肠可消化苏氨酸对肥育猪胴体性状和肉品质无显著影响,但降低10%标准回肠可消化色氨酸显著降低肥育猪平均日增重和平均日采食量。 相似文献
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低蛋白日粮下赖氨酸水平对生长猪氮平衡和生长性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验选用12头初始体重为(15.33±2.10)kg健康杜×长×大杂交去势公猪,分为6个处理,采用6×6双拉丁方设计,研究低蛋白日粮条件下赖氨酸水平对生长猪氮平衡和生长性能的影响。试验日粮包括1个高蛋白对照组(粗蛋白水平为18%,标准可消化赖氨酸0.83%)和5个低蛋白处理组(粗蛋白水平为14%,标准可消化赖氨酸水平分别为0.63%、0.73%、0.83%、0.93%和1.03%)。结果表明:日粮粗蛋白水平降低4%后,生长猪的氮排放量显著降低(P<0.01),氮沉积率和生物学价值随着日粮赖氨酸水平的升高呈线性上升(P<0.01);日粮粗蛋白和赖氨酸水平对生长猪的生长性能并无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合考虑日粮标准可消化赖氨酸水平对生长猪氮平衡和生长性能这两方面的影响,当日粮粗蛋白水平较《猪饲养标准》(2004)的推荐标准降低4%时,15~40kg生长猪最适日粮标准回肠可消化赖氨酸水平为0.93%~1.03%。 相似文献
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低蛋白质平衡氨基酸饲粮对生长猪生长性能、胴体品质及肠道健康的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在研究低蛋白质平衡氨基酸饲粮对生长猪生长性能、胴体品质、肌肉品质和肠道健康的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,选择初始体重为(17.02±1.40)kg的健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交去势公猪16头,随机分为正常蛋白质组(饲粮粗蛋白质水平为18%,标准回肠可消化赖氨酸含量为0.93%)和低蛋白质组(饲粮粗蛋白质水平为14%,标准回肠可消化赖氨酸含量为1.03%)2个组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期共39 d。在试验结束当天对生长猪进行称重、结料和采血,并屠宰所有生长猪用于测定胴体品质、肌肉品质、肠道形态及消化酶活性。结果表明:与正常蛋白质饲粮相比,低蛋白质平衡氨基酸饲粮显著提高了生长猪背最长肌的亮度值(P<0.01)和黄度值(P<0.05);对小肠各肠段的绒毛形态无显著影响(P>0.05),但有提高空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度比值的趋势(P=0.09);对生长猪的生长性能、胴体品质和肌肉品质无显著影响(P>0.05)。本试验结果表明,与正常蛋白质饲粮相比,标准回肠可消化赖氨酸含量为1.03%的低蛋白质平衡氨基酸饲粮能够维持生长猪正常生长性能,并有改善肠道健康状况的趋势。 相似文献
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选择体重35kg左右的杂交猪34头,采用饲养试验和屠宰试验,研究了育肥结束体重和屠宰体重对试验猪的肥育性能及胴体肉品质的影响.结果显示:育肥结束体重在85～110 kg阶段对试验猪的生长肥育性能没有显著的影响;屠宰体重除对屠宰率形成显著差异外,对试验猪的其它胴体性能及肉品质影响不明显;采用综合选择指数对试验猪肥育性能及胴体肉品质进行综合评定,结果显示,体重在95～100kg阶段结束育肥并屠宰的试验猪生长性能及胴体肉品质的综合选择指数最大.因此,在该试验日粮水平下社莱商品猪的适宜育肥结束及屠宰体重为95～100kga. 相似文献
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紫苏籽提取物对杜长大猪屠宰性能和肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验旨在研究生猪肥育期饲粮中添加紫苏籽提取物对猪屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选取160头平均体重相近的杜长大肥育猪,随机分为2组,每组8个重复,每个重复10头猪。肥育猪基础饲粮为玉米-豆粕型,粉料。对照组饲喂肥育猪基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg紫苏籽提取物,试验猪进行限饲喂养。预试期7 d,试验期56 d。饲养试验结束后每组选16头猪(公母各半)进行屠宰测定。试验结果显示,屠宰性能方面,屠宰率,两组差异不显著(P0.05);瘦肉率和眼肌面积都以试验组最高,分别显著提高5.91%(P0.05)和4.02%(P0.05);背膘厚,以试验组最低,与对照组相比显著降低9.97%(P0.05)。肉品质指标方面,大理石纹评分、p H、粗蛋白质含量3个肉质指标两组差异不显著(P0.05);肉色评分、肌内脂肪含量和肌苷酸含量3个肉质指标都以试验组最高,与对照组相比分别显著提高13.70%(P0.05)、13.5%(P0.05)和10.03%(P0.05);滴水损失以试验组最低,与对照组相比极显著降低19.08%(P0.01)。试验表明肥育猪饲喂200 mg/kg紫苏籽提取物显著提高瘦肉率和眼肌面积,显著降低背膘厚;肉品质方面,紫苏籽提取物显著提高了肉色评分、肌内脂肪含量和肌苷酸含量,极显著降低了滴水损失。综合考察肥育猪屠宰性能和肉品质相关指标表明,肥育猪饲粮中添加200 mg/kg紫苏籽提取物改善屠宰性能和肉品质的效果较为明显。 相似文献
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Effect of dietary protein source and lysine:DE ratio on growth performance, meat quality, and body composition of growing-finishing pigs. 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
C Szabó A J Jansman L Babinszky E Kanis M W Verstegen 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(11):2857-2865
The effects of four protein sources (soybean meal, sunflower meal, pea, and fish meal as the main protein source) and three apparent ileally digestible Lys:DE ratios (0.50, 0.43, 0.36 and 0.42, 0.36, 0.30 g Lys/MJ DE for 30 to 60 kg BW and 60 to 105 kg BW, respectively) in pig diets on growing-finishing performance, and carcass and meat quality traits were investigated. Eight individually housed animals per treatment received the diets from 30 to 105 kg BW at a level of 3.0 times maintenance requirements of energy. The ileal digestibility of protein sources was determined in a previous digestibility experiment. Protein sources showed no differences in growth performance from 30 to 105 kg BW. From 30 to 60 kg BW soybean treatment had lowest performance. The protein sources had no effect on lean meat percentage, liver weight, or meat quality (intramuscular fat content, pH at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter, drip loss, and meat color measured 24 h and 4 d after slaughter). The experimental diets formulated on the basis of similar apparent ileal digestible lysine content resulted in similar body composition regardless of the protein source used (P > 0.05). Reducing the Lys:DE ratio from 0.50/0.43 to 0.36/0.30 (by about 28%) reduced BW gain by 119 g/d from 30 to 60 kg and by 151 g/d from 60 to 105 kg BW. The gain:feed ratio increased by 82 g/kg in the first phase and by 47 g/kg in the second phase for the highest Lys:DE treatment compared with the lowest. Reducing Lys:DE ratio did not modify meat quality traits. A high Lys:DE ratio was associated with a high lean meat percentage. Differences between the medium- and low-Lys:DE groups were not significant. Lowering the Lys:DE ratio increased (P < 0.05) crude fat and fatty tissue content and decreased (P < 0.05) protein and muscle content in the body. Ash content and bone volume were not affected by Lys:DE ratio (P > 0.05). The chemical composition of the carcass can be predicted with moderate accuracy (R2 = 0.39 to 0.58) using volumetric composition data of previously frozen carcasses. In conclusion, similar growth performance, carcass and meat quality, and body composition can be expected if diet formulation is based on the apparent ileally digestible amino acid contents of feedstuffs, independent of dietary protein sources. Diminishing Lys:DE ratios reduce growth performance but do not modify meat quality traits. The chemical composition of the carcass can be predicted with moderate accuracy using the volumetric composition of thawed carcasses. 相似文献
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Influence of dietary protein level, amino acid supplementation, and dietary energy levels on growing-finishing pig performance and carcass composition 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding reduced-CP, AA-supplemented diets at two ambient temperatures (Exp. 1) or three levels of dietary NE (Exp. 2) on pig performance and carcass composition. In Exp. 1, 240 mixed-sex pigs were used to test whether projected differences in heat increment associated with diet composition affect pig performance. There were 10 replications of each treatment with four pigs per pen. For the 28-d trial, average initial and final BW were 28.7 kg and 47.5 kg, respectively. Pigs were maintained in a thermoneutral (23 degrees C) or heat-stressed (33 degrees C) environment and fed a 16% CP diet, a 12% CP diet, or a 12% CP diet supplemented with crystalline Lys, Trp, and Thr (on an as-fed basis). Pigs gained at similar rates when fed the 16% CP diet or the 12% CP diet supplemented with Lys, Trp, and Thr (P > 0.10). Pigs fed the 12% CP, AA-supplemented diet had a gain:feed similar to pigs fed the 16% CP diet when housed in the 23 degrees C environment but had a lower gain:feed in the 33 degrees C environment (diet x temperature, P < 0.01). In Exp. 2, 702 gilts were allotted to six treatments with nine replicates per treatment. Average initial and final BW were 25.3 and 109.7 kg, respectively. Gilts were fed two levels of CP (high CP with minimal crystalline AA supplementation or low CP with supplementation of Lys, Trp, Thr, and Met) and three levels of NE (high, medium, or low) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. A four-phase feeding program was used, with diets containing apparent digestible Lys levels of 0.96, 0.75, 0.60, and 0.48% switched at a pig BW of 41.0, 58.8, and 82.3 kg, respectively. Pigs fed the low-CP, AA-supplemented diets had rates of growth and feed intake similar to pigs fed the high-CP diets. Dietary NE interacted with CP level for gain:feed (P < 0.06). A decrease in dietary NE from the highest NE level decreased gain:feed in pigs fed the high-CP diet; however, gain:feed declined in pigs fed the low-CP, AA-supplemented diet only when dietary NE was decreased to the lowest level. There was a slight reduction in longissimus area in pigs fed the low-CP diets (P < 0.08), but other estimates of carcass muscle did not differ (P > 0.10). These data suggest that pigs fed low-CP, AA-supplemented diets have performance and carcass characteristics similar to pigs fed higher levels of CP and that alterations in dietary NE do not have a discernible effect on pig performance or carcass composition. 相似文献
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Jacela JY DeRouchey JM Dritz SS Tokach MD Goodband RD Nelssen JL Sulabo RC Thaler RC Brandts L Little DE Prusa KJ 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(6):1817-1829
A study with 3 experiments was conducted to determine the AA digestibility and energy concentration of deoiled (solvent-extracted) corn distillers dried grains with solubles (dDGS) and to evaluate its effect on nursery pig growth performance, finishing pig growth performance, and carcass traits. In Exp. 1, a total of 5 growing barrows (initial BW = 30.8 kg) were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) a diet with dDGS as the sole protein source, or 2) a N-free diet for determining basal endogenous AA losses in a crossover design at 68.0 kg of BW. Apparent and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of AA and energy concentration of dDGS were determined. In Exp. 2, a total of 210 pigs (initial BW = 9.9 kg) were used in a 28-d experiment to evaluate the effect of dDGS on nursery pig performance. Pigs were allotted to 5 dietary treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, or 30% dDGS) formulated to contain equal ME (increased added fat with increasing dDGS) and SID Lys concentrations based on the values obtained from Exp. 1. In Exp. 3, a total of 1,215 pigs (initial BW = 29.6 kg) were used in a 99-d experiment to determine the effect of dDGS on growth and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. Pigs were allotted to dietary treatments similar to those used in Exp. 2 and were fed in 4 phases. The analyzed chemical composition of dDGS in Exp. 1 was 35.6% CP, 5.29% ash, 4.6% fat, 18.4% ADF, and 39.5% NDF on a DM basis. Apparent ileal digestibility values of Lys, Met, and Thr in dDGS were 47.2, 79.4, and 64.1%, respectively, and SID values were 50.4, 80.4, and 68.9%, respectively. The determined GE and DE and the calculated ME and NE values of dDGS were 5,098, 3,100, 2,858, and 2,045 kcal/kg of DM, respectively. In Exp. 2, nursery pig ADG, ADFI, and G:F were similar among treatments. In Exp. 3, increasing dDGS reduced (linear; P < 0.01) ADG and ADFI but tended to improve (linear; P = 0.07) G:F. Carcass weight and yield were reduced (linear; P < 0.01), loin depth tended to decrease (linear; P = 0.09), and carcass fat iodine values increased (linear; P < 0.01) as dDGS increased. No difference was observed in backfat, percentage of lean, or fat-free lean index among treatments. In conclusion, dDGS had greater CP and AA but less energy content than traditional distillers dried grains with solubles. In addition, when dietary fat was added to diets to offset the reduced ME content, feeding up to 30% dDGS did not affect the growth performance of nursery pigs but did negatively affect the ADG, ADFI, and carcass fat quality of finishing pigs. 相似文献
14.
不同净能水平和赖氨酸净能比的低蛋白日粮对肥育猪生长性能和胴体品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用61.08 kg杜×长×大三元杂交猪540头,随机分为9个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复10头猪,公、母各半。采用3×3两因素设计,日粮蛋白水平降低4个百分点,净能为9.83、10.04、10.25 MJ/kg,赖氨酸净能比为0.76、0.84、0.91 g/MJ,研究净能和赖氨酸净能比对肥育猪生长性能和胴体品质的影响。结果表明:在60~100 kg阶段,10.04 MJ/kg净能组的ADG显著高于9.83 MJ/kg组的(P<0.05);赖氨酸净能比为0.84 g/MJ组的ADG显著高于0.76 g/MJ组(P<0.05);二者互作不影响生长性能和胴体品质(P>0.05),综合评定在60~100 kg阶段,猪的低蛋白日粮净能水平和赖氨酸净能比分别为10.04 MJ/kg和0.84 g/MJ为宜。 相似文献
15.
Heydar Zarghi Abolghasem Golian Mahdie Nikbakhtzade 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):156-165
This study was done to evaluate the effects of different dietary digestible lysine (dig Lys) levels on growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass and breast yield, and breast meat quality of broilers 23–38 days of age. Three hundred 23-day-old Cobb-500 male broiler chickens were allocated to a completely randomized design with five treatments (finisher diet containing 0.88%, 0.94%, 1.00%, 1.06% and 1.12% dig Lys) and six replicates of 10 birds each. Feed intake (FI) was not affected by different dietary dig Lys levels. Weight gain (WG) linearly increased and feed conversion ratio (FCR) linearly decreased with an increasing dietary dig Lys levels. With increasing dietary dig Lys levels, carcass and breast yield and breast meat hue angle (h*) linearly increased, but abdominal fat decreased quadratically, whereas breast meat lightness (L*) and ether extract composition linearly decreased. Dietary dig Lys levels did not show any significant effect on serum metabolites, breast meat cooking loss and water holding capacity. Based on the linear broken-line regression models, the weight gain, feed conversion ratio and breast yield were optimized when dietary dig Lys levels were 0.95%, 1.01% and 1.02% respectively. It is concluded that Lys requirements vary according to what productive parameter is taken for optimization. A minimum of 1.02% dig Lys concentration in the finisher diet is suggested to optimize breast yield, feed efficiency and performance in broiler chickens. 相似文献
16.
R G Campbell N C Steele T J Caperna J P McMurtry M B Solomon A D Mitchell 《Journal of animal science》1988,66(7):1643-1655
Thirty-six barrows were used in a 2 X 3 factorial experiment to investigate the effects of porcine growth hormone (pGH) administration (USDA-pGH-B1; 0 and 100 micrograms.kg body weight-1.d-1) and three levels of feeding of a single diet (EI; ad libitum, 1.64 and 1.38 kg/d) on the performance, body composition and rates of protein and fat deposition of pigs growing over the live weight phase 25 to 55 kg. Raising EI resulted in linear increases in growth rate and in protein and fat accretion but had no effect on the feed to gain ratio (F/G). Carcass fat content and carcass fat measurements also increased with EI, whereas carcass protein and water decreased (P less than .01). Growth hormone administration resulted in improvements in growth rate (16 to 26%), F/G (23%), protein deposition (34 to 50%) and increases in carcass protein and water at each level of feeding, but reduced ad libitum feed intake (P less than .01), carcass fat content (P less than .01) and carcass fat measurements (P less than .01). Estimated maintenance energy expenditure was increased by pGH administration (2.02 vs 1.72 Mcal digestible energy/d). Results indicate that the effects of pGH on growth performance and energy and protein metabolism were largely independent of, and additive to, the effects of energy intake. 相似文献
17.
本试验旨在研究5~8周龄京红1号蛋鸡饲粮赖氨酸(Lys)的需要量。选取4周龄末京红1号蛋鸡母雏360只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。饲粮Lys水平分别为0.70%、0.84%、0.98%、1.12%和1.26%,试验期4周。结果表明:0.84%Lys组蛋鸡平均日增重、8周龄体重和群体均匀度均显著高于1.26%Lys组(P0.05)。0.98%和1.12%Lys组的体格发育显著优于1.26%Lys组(P0.05)。0.98%和1.12%Lys组的十二指肠重、空肠长显著高于0.70%和1.26%Lys组(P0.05)。0.84%Lys组胸腺指数显著高于0.98%、1.12%和1.26%Lys组(P0.05);0.84%、0.98%和1.12%Lys组法氏囊指数显著高于其他组(P0.05)。0.84%、0.98%和1.12%Lys组血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量显著高于0.70%和1.26%Lys组(P0.05);0.98%Lys组血清尿素氮和尿酸含量显著低于1.26%Lys组(P0.05);0.84%Lys组血清碱性磷酸酶活性和血浆生长激素含量均显著高于0.70%Lys组(P0.05)。根据8周龄鸡体重、群体均匀度、全净膛重、屠体重、心脏指数、肝脏指数、胫长、十二指肠重及血清尿酸含量等指标,各自拟合二次曲线,得出最佳饲粮Lys水平分别为0.906%、0.888%、0.931%、0.928%、0.889%、0.902%、0.902%、1.071%和0.958%。综上,推荐5~8周龄京红1号蛋鸡饲粮Lys需要量为0.93%。 相似文献
18.
Response of low and high protein select lines of pigs to the feeding of the beta-adrenergic agonist ractopamine (phenethanolamine) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effect of ractopamine, a phenethanolamine beta-adrenergic agonist, on growth, nutrient utilization and carcass composition was studied in two lines of pigs that were fed high (24%) or low (12%) protein diets. Of the two lines of pigs that had been selected for seven generations for rapid lean growth when fed either the higher (HS line) or low (LS line) protein diet, the HS line tended to exhibit a leaner carcass when fed either diet. Ractopamine, at 20 ppm in the diet, was fed from 60 kg live body weight until slaughter at 90 kg. When compared with their respective line-diet control group, the greatest response to ractopamine treatment was observed in the LS-12 group; at 90 kg, that group had 31% less carcass lipid (P less than .05) and 17% more carcass protein (P less than .05). Considering the change that took place only between 60 and 90 kg live body weight, this translated into 57% less lipid and 59% more protein deposited in the carcasses with ractopamine treatment. This group also was 73% more efficient (P less than .05) in converting dietary protein to carcass protein but 39% less efficient (P less than .05) in energy utilization. Response to ractopamine treatment was least by the LS-24 group, followed by the HS-12 and HS-24 groups. A line x diet x treatment interaction (P less than .05) was noted for whole-carcass lipid, backfat, longissimus muscle area and efficiency of protein utilization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
19.
Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of porcine ST (pST) on the responses to a near-ideal blend of AA for pigs from 22 to 60 kg BW. Eighty Hampshire × Yorkshire gilts (40 gilts/experiment) were individually penned and assigned to a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of 4 diets with and without pST injection. A fortified corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated to contain 1.50% total Lys and Thr, Met, and Trp were added to obtain a near-ideal blend of these AA relative to Lys. In 3 additional diets, Lys was reduced to 1.25%, 1.00%, or 0.75% by diluting the basal diet with cornstarch, cellulose, and sand, such that the diets also contained the same ratios of AA. Pigs that received pST were administered a daily intramuscular injection of 2 mg of pST. Data from the 2 experiments were pooled. Administration of pST increased ADG (P < 0.01), G:F (P < 0.01), and LM area (P < 0.01), and decreased ADFI (P < 0.03), last rib backfat (P < 0.01), and 10th rib backfat (P < 0.01). Also, estimated carcass muscle and calculated lean gain increased (P < 0.01) in pST-treated pigs. Administration of pST also increased (P < 0.01) the percentage, total gain and accretion rate of water, protein, and ash in the carcass, and decreased (P < 0.01) the percentage, total gain, and accretion rate of carcass fat. Growth rate, G:F, and carcass traits improved (P < 0.01), percentage of carcass proteinand water increased (P < 0.01), and carcass fat percentage decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing dietary Lys. The percentage, total gain, and accretion rate of carcass protein increased to a greater extent in pST-treated pigs than in untreated pigs, resulting in a pST × Lys interaction (P < 0.05). The results indicated that pST improves performance, leanness, and protein accretion in pigs from 22 to 60 kg BW, and that these responses to dietary Lys and a near-ideal blend of AA is greater in growing pigs treated with pST than untreated pigs. 相似文献
20.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(4):558-572
Glycine has been reported to be conditionally essential for broilers fed reduced crude protein diets during the starter period. Research evaluating dietary Gly responses subsequent to the starter period is sparse. This experiment was conducted to ascertain the effects of feeding reduced crude protein diets supplemented with Gly and/or L-Gln (nitrogen source) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers during a 41-day production period. Eight dietary treatments were utilized with the negative control diets formulated to contain approximately 2.4 and 0.29% points lower crude protein and total Gly + Ser concentrations, respectively, than the positive control diets. The 6 other diets were formulated to contain intermediate concentrations of total Gly + Ser and/or crude protein (nitrogen) by adding Gly and/or L-Gln, respectively, to the negative control diets. Glycine appeared to have more pronounced effects than nitrogen contribution on feed conversion ratio and body weight gain of broilers during starter and grower periods, whereas Gln improved feed conversion of broilers in the finisher period. Total breast meat weight and yield of broilers provided diets with the additions of Gly and L-Gln were higher than those receiving diets with only Gly or L-Gln supplementation. The positive outcomes on growth performance and carcass characteristics suggested that providing adequate total Gly + Ser and nitrogen concentrations in diet formulation may be necessary for broilers when dietary CP content was reduced approximately by 2.4% points during a 6-week production period. 相似文献