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为探讨柔嫩艾美耳球虫杂交株对亲本株的免疫保护性,本研究用柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)杂交株及其亲本广州株、长春株、黑龙江株分别对AA肉鸡进行免疫和攻虫,通过OPG计数、粪便计分、盲肠病变计分、增重测定和保护率等指标评价免疫保护效果。结果表明E.tenella杂交株对其亲本广州株、长春株、黑龙江株的感染具有较强的免疫保护效果,保护率分别为83.9%、79.1%和81.2%;杂交株免疫肉鸡的盲肠病变计分和粪便计分显著低于广州株、长春株和黑龙江株(p0.05)。杂交株免疫后的肉鸡再用亲本株攻虫,采血进行CD4+T、CD8+T细胞检测,结果杂交株能引起两种T细胞数量增加,表明CD4+T、CD8+T细胞在球虫免疫中起着重要作用。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2010,(21)
为了研究柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)不同地理株的免疫保护性,试验采用E.tenella广州株、保定株、长春株、山东株、黑龙江株对AA肉鸡分别进行免疫和攻虫,通过OPG计数、粪便计分、盲肠病变计分、增重测定、保护率计算、CD4+T淋巴细胞和CD8+T淋巴细胞检测评价免疫保护效果。结果表明:广州株对于同株攻虫的免疫保护率显著高于其他虫株(P0.05);广州株、保定株、山东株、长春株、黑龙江株对于其他株攻虫的平均免疫保护率分别为72.8%、66.5%、63.7%、58.2%、52.7%,广州株极显著高于长春株和黑龙江株(P0.01);各株均能引起2种T淋巴细胞数量增加。说明E.tenella不同地理株的免疫保护性不同。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(3)
为研究鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella,E.tenella)海南株SO7基因原核表达产物对E.tenella攻击的免疫保护效力,分别于8和16日龄采用SO7基因可溶性重组蛋白和包涵体重组蛋白经肌肉注射两次免疫文昌鸡公雏,同时设立攻虫对照组和空白对照组;其中,免疫组和攻虫对照组雏鸡于27日龄接种5×10~4个E.tenella卵囊,观察其诱导产生的保护力。结果显示,与攻虫对照组相比,SO7可溶性蛋白组雏鸡的相对卵囊产量降低了82.9%,攻虫至试验结束的增重增加了76.3%,盲肠病变减少了29.8%;SO7包涵体蛋白组雏鸡的相对卵囊产量降低了60.4%,攻虫至试验结束鸡增重增加了42%,盲肠病变减少了18.7%。结果表明,E.tenella海南株SO7基因在大肠杆菌中的表达产物对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的攻击有一定的免疫保护作用,且SO7可溶性蛋白的抗球虫效力优于包涵体蛋白。 相似文献
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五种不同地理株柔嫩艾美耳球虫免疫保护性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用五个不同地理株的柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimeria tenella），即：广州株、保定株、长春株、北京株、沈阳株，对12日龄雏鸡分别进行免疫攻虫。通过OPG计数，粪便计分，盲肠病变计分，增重测定，计算保护率。结果发现不同地理株球虫的免疫保护率有明显差异，广州株80．2％〉保定株73．2％〉长春株68．4％〉北京株63．8％〉沈阳株51．0％。其中广州株比其他虫株有显著保护率（P〈0．01）。免疫后的雏鸡抽血进行CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞检测，结果各株均能引起两种T细胞数量增加，表明CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞在球虫免疫中起着重要作用。 相似文献
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用柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella子孢子表面抗原基因原核细胞表达产物免疫雏鸡,观察其对球虫攻击的免疫保护作用.将可溶性重组蛋白和包涵体重组蛋白经肌肉注射分别于7日龄、14日龄两次免疫罗曼小公雏,同时设攻虫对照组和空白对照组,于第2次免疫后1周(28日龄)用1 ×104个E.tenella卵囊进行攻毒,观察其诱导产生的保护力.结果表明,3-1E可溶性蛋白组免疫无论从卵囊计数、盲肠病变计分和相对增重均优于包涵体免疫组.说明3-1E基因在大肠杆菌中的表达产物对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的攻击有一定的免疫保护作用. 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2018,(23)
为分析鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)河北株的致病性及其ITS-1基因序列遗传变异特点,对临床分离的柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株通过人工感染雏鸡试验验证其致病性,并计算其半数致死量(LD_(50)),采用RT-PCR对柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株的ITS-1基因进行扩增、克隆,测序后进行生物信息学分析其基因序列变异情况。结果显示:柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株对雏鸡有较强的致病性,其LD_(50)为3.16×10~4个/只;柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株的ITS-1基因与GenBank登录的柔嫩艾美耳球虫ETSH4PF3-17株和柔嫩艾美耳球虫上海株的相似性在97.7%～99.0%之间,系统发育进化树分析显示柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株与GenBank发表的柔嫩艾美耳球虫ETSH4PF3-17株和柔嫩艾美耳球虫上海株聚为一支,亲缘性最近,与其它虫株亲缘性较远;与GenBank发表的柔嫩艾美耳球虫ETSH4PF3-17株序列相比,柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株的ITS-1基因序列中在第4、13、16、425位4个碱基发生缺失;第258、348位2个碱基发生变异,由C变为T,由G变为T。研究结果为进一步研究柔嫩艾美耳球虫河北株遗传变异情况提供参考依据。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献