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1.
《分子植物育种》2020,(15)
AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor)家族转录因子是植物中的一大类转录因子,最早从拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)中分离出。该家族转录因子一般包含两个AP2/ERF结构域,该结构域大约由60～70个氨基酸组成与DNA结合有关。AP2/ERF家族参与非生物胁迫的反应,比如干旱胁迫、高盐胁迫和低温胁迫等。这些胁迫会激活植物激素ABA、茉莉酸(jasmonate, JA)、乙烯(ethylene, ET)、水杨酸(salicylic acid, SA)等信号途径,同时激活AP2/ERF转录因子家族基因的表达,进而调控其下游功能基因的表达。本研究综述了近年来有关植物AP2/ERF转录因子响应非生物胁迫应答机制的新进展,探讨了该家族转录因子的结构特点、分布,及其对植物发育和次级代谢的影响以及对非生物胁迫的应答。 相似文献
2.
植物抗逆相关ERF转录因子研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植物在它的生命周期中要经历各种逆境胁迫。植物许多胁迫相关基因的表达主要受特定转录因子在转录水平的调控。ERF转录因子家族参与植物的生物胁迫和非生物胁迫的应答,是同植物抗逆应答密切相关的一类转录因子大家族。它们通过识别不同的顺式元件,调节多种功能基因的表达,调节植物抗性应答。综述简要介绍ERF转录因子及其相关顺式作用元件。阐述植物ERF转录因子家族在植物抗逆应答中的功能。 相似文献
3.
AP2/ERF转录因子在植物中广泛存在,其在植物生长发育及逆境应答过程中均发挥重要作用。但目前对花椰菜中AP2/ERF转录因子及其功能知之甚少。本研究利用前期花椰菜转录组数据,采用RT-PCR等方法从花椰菜中分离并克隆得到一个AP2/ERF转录因子:ERF056。基因序列及分子特征分析结果表明,花椰菜ERF056全长741 bp,编码246个氨基酸,具有一个AP2/ERF结构域,其编码产物为疏水性蛋白,无跨膜结构,内部以无规则卷曲和α-螺旋为主。聚类分析结果显示,花椰菜ERF056与油菜和甘蓝中相应转录因子具有较高相似性。转录表达谱分析结果显示,ERF056在花椰菜不同组织中均有表达,其中花球中表达量最高。盐胁迫表达特征分析表明,花椰菜ERF056在盐胁迫条件下呈下调表达,暗示其负向响应盐胁迫。相关研究为深入揭示花椰菜ERF056在盐胁迫应答中的功能及调控机制提供了帮助。 相似文献
4.
AP2/ERF转录因子广泛参与银杏的生物学过程,其ERF基因家族存在着通过调控次生代谢来应对环境压力的可能。为探究ERF基因家族在这一过程中的应答机制,本研究分别构建了紫外和干旱处理下银杏叶转录组数据库,利用在线生物信息学工具对银杏AP2/ERF转录因子的保守结构域、理化性质及基因家族同源性进行分析,同时利用转录组测序技术检测了ERF基因家族在这两种逆境胁迫下的表达情况,筛选其中5个与类黄酮等代谢相关的ERF基因进行荧光定量PCR验证分析。结果表明,在银杏中共鉴定到61个AP2/ERF转录因子,根据其保守结构域特点分为4类,即ERF亚家族28个、DREB亚家族23个、AP2和RAV亚家族分别为5个。不同成员之间的氨基酸数目、等电点(pI)等理化性质有较大差别。从与拟南芥、大豆的序列同源性分析结果来看,同一个亚家族的成员之间亲缘关系较近。GbERF亚家族和GbDREB亚家族同属于银杏ERF基因家族,成员数最多。转录组预测分析结果显示,大部分ERF基因家族成员在紫外和干旱胁迫诱导下的基因表达量会增加。经验证,5个基因表达量的变化情况总体与预测结果一致。本实验结果为后期开展银杏ERF基因家族的功能研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
5.
农作物旱胁迫响应相关转录因子的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
旱胁迫下,植物体内多种反式作用因子在逆境胁迫应答过程中发挥了关键作用。而转录因子在感知、传递和诱导响应基因表达过程中通过依赖ABA调节系统和不依赖ABA调节系统,调节植物组织结构变化或内含物积累,维持机体内稳态以适应或抵御胁迫伤害。目前,已在农作物中发现了众多转录因子家族。本文简要总结了AP2/ERF、NAC、MYB和WRKY等四类转录因子的作用模式,概述了上述转录因子参与的两类调节网络。最后,对目前研究中亟待解决的共性问题也进行了探讨。 相似文献
6.
转录因子与植物抗逆性研究进展 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
近年来,转录因子在植物防卫反应和逆境胁迫应答过程中的应用越来越广泛。本文综述了与植物逆境抗性相关的5个转录因子家族: MYB类、bZIP类、WRKY类、AP2/EREBP类和NAC类的调控机制以及它们在植物抗逆基因工程的研究进展。 相似文献
7.
ERF (Ethylene-responsive factor)转录因子家族是AP2-EREBP (APETALA2 and ethylene-responsive element binding proteins, AP2/ERF)超家族中的一个具有较多成员的家族,其在植物中广泛存在并在植物生长发育过程中发挥重要作用。在水稻中ERF转录因子家族成员的OsERF74为水稻干旱响应模块7的节点基因。本研究从水稻品种‘日本晴’中克隆了OsERF74,通过生物信息学和蛋白质系统发育树分析显示OsERF74为ERF类转录因子,具有高度保守的AP2结构域,并在其N端具有跨膜结构域;在烟草中对OsERF74进行亚细胞定位显示其定位于细胞膜上;OsERF74在水稻营养生长和生殖生长时期的各个组织中均有表达,而在苗期的根和叶组织中OsERF74的表达受到多种激素和非生物胁迫的调节;为了解OsERF74基因功能,构建并获得了超表达转基因植株。通过高渗透胁迫下的种子萌发实验显示OsERF74超表达能够增强水稻种子在高渗透胁迫下的萌发率。本研究初步探究了OsERF74的特性与功能,为进一步挖掘水稻干旱响应功... 相似文献
8.
DREB(dehydration responsive element binding protein)类转录因子是AP2/EREBP(APETALA2/an ethylene-responsive element binding protein)转录因子家族的一个亚家族,拥有保守的AP2结构域,能够特异性地与抗逆基因启动子区域的DRE顺式作用元件相结合,在低温、干旱和盐碱等条件下调节一系列下游逆境应答基因的表达,是逆境适应中的关键性调节因子.拟南芥中与逆境相关的DREB转录因子可分为DREB1/CBF和DREB2两类,其中DREB1/CBF类成员主要参与低温胁迫应答反应,DREB2类成员则主要参与干旱胁迫应答反应.根据近十年来的报道,目前已从拟南芥、水稻、玉米、小麦、黑麦、大豆、西红柿和油菜等几十种植物中分离并鉴定出调控干旱、高盐及低温耐性的DREB基因,并利用这些基因得到了抗逆性增强的拟南芥、油菜、西红柿、小麦以及杨树等转基因植株.转基因结果表明DREB转录因子家族在双子叶植物,单子叶植物,草本植物及木本植物抗逆品种改良中均具有重要的应用价值.本文总结了十多年来特别是近五年来国内外相关研究进展,并对DREB转录因子的研究前景及其在木本植物良种选育中的研究趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
9.
作为重要的植物转录因子家族, AP2/EREBP转录因子在植物发育、激素、病原反应及非生物胁迫如干旱、高盐、低温应答方面起重要作用。本研究发现水稻AP2/EREBP转录因子家族EREBP亚家族成员OsASIE1 (abiotic stress induced EREBP gene)在水稻受到高盐、干旱胁迫时表达量迅速提高, 并且在水稻中超表达OsASIE1能够改善水稻抵抗盐胁迫的能力。凝胶迁移率实验(electrophoresis mobility shift assay, EMSA)表明该转录因子的AP2结构域能够结合干旱应答顺式作用元件DRE (dehydration-responsive element)和乙烯应答元件GCC box (ethylene response element), 推测OsASIE1可能通过结合DRE和GCC box 作用元件调控下游相关基因的表达, 进而调控相关抗逆反应。 相似文献
10.
板栗(Castanea mollissima)是中国重要的经济林树种之一,素有木本粮食之称,主要组成成分是淀粉,其含量对坚果品质具有重要影响。采用双波长紫外分光光度计法,测定ABA处理后板栗坚果不同发育时期的直链淀粉、支链淀粉和总淀粉含量;选择成熟期坚果的转录组数据,对AP2/ERF转录因子家族开展生物信息学和表达分析。结果表明,外施一定量ABA后,坚果仁中支链淀粉含量提高。转录组数据共检测出7 603个差异表达基因,检测出转录因子344个,AP2/ERF转录因子家族占比最多为18.31%。从板栗基因组中检测出AP2/ERF转录因子155个;在ABA处理后83 d的坚果中,AP2/ERF家族中有63个基因响应。AP2/ERF家族转录因子在坚果发育过程中通过响应ABA信号,调控糖和淀粉类物质的积累。本试验分析了淀粉积累过程中响应ABA的AP2/ERF转录因子家族,可为进一步实践验证板栗该基因家族功能和调控表达提供一定参考。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献