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1.
规模化鸡场大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性监测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了对鸡致病性大肠杆菌的流行情况及耐药性调查分析,从山东省部分地区的60个鸡场采集了116份鸡内脏病料,结合培养特性对其进行了细菌的分离和生化鉴定,结果分离到大肠杆菌95株,其中致病性大肠杆菌76株.对这76株致病性大肠杆菌进行了12种抗生素敏感性试验,发现分离的菌株对12种药物均有不同程度的耐药性,青霉素对其完全没有抑制作用;新研制的利福平复合新药抑制作用最强,64.5%为高度敏感（49/76）,34.2%中度敏感（26/76）,表明该药对鸡大肠杆菌具有显著的效果;其中,丁胺卡那霉素（63.2%）、氟哌酸（55.3%）也有良好的抑菌作用. 相似文献
2.
规模化猪场大肠杆菌的耐药性监测及血清流行病学调查 总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40
为了调查猪致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性及流行血清型 ,从湖北、河南、江西、安徽、浙江等省的 33个猪场采集 32 1份仔猪黄、白痢病料进行细菌的分离和生化鉴定 ,结果分离到大肠杆菌 30 2株 ,其中致病性大肠杆菌 2 76株。对 112株致病性大肠杆菌进行了 15种抗生素敏感性试验 ,发现分离菌株对 15种药物均有不同程度的耐药性 :青霉素 G对其完全没有抑制作用 ;先锋霉素 抑制作用最强 (97.3% ) ,其次为呋喃妥因 (78.6 % )、痢特灵 (71.4 % )、环丙沙星(6 8.8% )、诺氟沙星 (6 5 .1% )。 112株菌中 ,有 4 7种耐药谱型 ,多数为 6耐以上的菌株 (80株 ) ,占供试菌株的 71.4 %。应用微量平板凝集试验 ,对分离的 2 76株致病菌进行了血清型鉴定 ,鉴定共有 72种血清型 ,其中优势血清型 10种 ,占能定型分离致病菌株的 5 3.7%。 相似文献
3.
为了调查鹿致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性及流行血清型,从吉林、辽宁的16个鹿场采集321份病料进行细茵的分离和生化鉴定,结果分离到大肠杆茵302株,其中致病性大肠杆菌112株.对112株致病性大肠杆菌进行了15种抗生素敏感性试验,发现分离菌株对15种药物均有不同程度的耐药性.青霉素G对其完全没有抑制作用;先锋霉素V抑制作用最强(97.3%),其次为呋喃妥因(78.6%)、痢特灵(71.4%)、环丙沙星(68.8%)、诺氟沙星(65.1%).112株茵中,有47种耐药谱型.多数为6耐以上的菌株(80株),占供试菌株的71.4%.应用微量平板凝集试验,对分离的112株致病菌进行了血清型鉴定,鉴定共有72种血清型,其中优势血清型10种,占能定型分离致病菌株的53.7%. 相似文献
4.
《中国家禽》2017,(6)
禽大肠杆菌病是造成家禽高发病率和死亡率的重要疾病,该病是由禽致病性大肠杆菌(Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC)感染引起的细菌性疾病。通过对2015~2016年分离自江苏和山东部分地区的173株禽大肠杆菌的血清型、致病性、耐药性等流行病学特征进行调查,结果表明:定型菌株135株,未定型菌株38株,定型率为78.03%;优势血清型有O78(21%)、O24(12%)、O1(10%),其余定型菌株涉及31种血清型;55个进行1日龄易感鸡致病性试验的分离株中,高致病性菌株39个,中度致病性菌株5个,低致病性菌株11个,其中80%分离株具有高中致病力;耐药性检测结果表明,APEC普遍存在耐药性,所有分离株对10种以上的抗生素耐药。调查结果为该地区禽大肠杆菌病的防控提供参考。 相似文献
5.
中药与抗菌药物联用对猪源大肠杆菌耐药性的抑制作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探讨中药与抗菌药物联用对大肠杆菌耐药性的作用效果,本研究对河南部分地区采集的样品(50份)进行分离鉴定、生化试验及致病性试验,对分离鉴定后的致病性猪大肠杆菌选用12种中药采用K-B法进行耐药性检测,将筛选出来的中药与抗生素进行中西联用对致病性大肠杆菌做体外抑菌试验,并分析中西药联用对大肠杆菌的抑制作用。结果显示,采集的50份样品有23株菌符合大肠杆菌的分离培养特性和生化特性,且23株菌均为致病性大肠杆菌;通过耐药性检测,23株试验菌株对测试的中药均有不同程度的耐药性,其中试验菌株对甘草耐药率最高(82.6%),其次为生地(78.2%),而对黄柏(17.3%)和白头翁(21.7%)耐药性较低,具有一定的敏感性;体外抑菌试验结果发现,中药与抗生素联用均有不同程度的抑菌效果,其中黄柏、白头翁与抗菌药物联用的抑菌效果最明显。以上结果说明中药与抗菌药物联用不仅可以抑制大肠杆菌的耐药性,还可以延缓大肠杆菌耐药性的产生。 相似文献
6.
《云南畜牧兽医》2015,(4)
为了解江川县不同地区鸡源大肠杆菌对临床常用抗生素的耐药情况,从不同乡(镇)的6个鸡场采集疑似鸡大肠杆菌病的17份病料进行病原菌分离鉴定、形态学观察、小白鼠致病性试验和耐药性分析。结果显示,从6个鸡场共分离到大肠杆菌17株,分离株对小白鼠有强致病性,均为强致病性菌株;分离株对15种常用抗生素显示出严重的多重耐药性,12耐1株,11耐2株,9耐3株,8耐4株,8耐以下共7株。青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、头孢氨苄、卡那霉素、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、链霉素和磺胺甲恶唑的耐药率均在58.8%(10/17)以上。痢特灵、头孢呋辛钠、头孢他啶、氟苯尼考的耐药率低于17.6%(3/17),可作为江川县鸡大肠杆菌病治疗的首选药物。 相似文献
7.
为了调查鸡源致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性情况,采用Kirby-Bauer氏法(K-B法)测定了分离自河南省信阳地区5个集约化鸡场的62株致病性大肠杆菌对12种抗菌药物的耐药性。结果表面,分离到的致病性大肠杆菌对12种抗菌药物全部表现为不同程度的耐药性,其中对四环素(95.2%)、复方新诺明(87.1%)、强力霉素(72.6%)和氨苄西林(64.5%)耐药性较强。对氟苯尼考、阿米卡星和庆大霉素也存在一定的耐药性。同时,分离菌株都表现出多重耐药性,最少的可同时耐3种抗菌药物,约占3.2%;最多的可同时耐12种抗菌药物,约占1.6%;同时耐7种和8种抗菌药物占的比例较高,分别占21.0%和25.8%。 相似文献
8.
对规模化猪场大肠杆菌耐药性的调查 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为了调查猪致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性，从重庆市荣昌和江津两地采集了220份仔猪黄白痢病料进行细菌分离和生化鉴定，结果分离到大肠杆菌201株，其中致病性大肠杆菌186株。对150株致病性大肠杆菌进行了16种抗生素敏感试验，发现分离菌株对16种药物有不同程度的耐药：青霉素G对其完全没有抑制作用，阿米卡星抑制作用最强（76％），其次为头孢唑肟（72％）。150株菌中，多数为8耐以上。占供试菌株的70．6％。因此，猪场应定期对大肠杆菌进行抗生素敏感性的监测，选择最有效的药物来控制仔猪腹泻性大肠杆菌病，或根据具体情况交替使用不同的抗生素，减少耐药性的发生。 相似文献
9.
四川省部分地区大肠杆菌的耐药性监测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用常规方法对87份采集于四川省部分地区规模化养猪场病料样品(51份),健康鸡(28份)和野生白鹭(8份)粪便样品进行大肠杆菌分离鉴定,并采用K irby-Bauer法对大肠杆菌分离株的26种抗菌药物耐药性进行检测。结果表明,分离鉴定的51株猪源大肠杆菌、28株鸡源大肠杆菌和8株白鹭源大肠杆菌均存在不同程度多重耐药性,3重及3重以上耐药菌株占总菌株数88.51%:其中对青霉素G(100%)、强力霉素(89.66%)、复方阿莫西林(85.20%)、四环素(82.76%)、头孢氨苄(63.22%)、头孢噻吩(52.87%),氨苄青霉素和复方新诺明(51.72%)的耐药性较强;8株野生白鹭大肠杆菌多重耐药性远低于猪源和鸡源大肠杆菌分离株多重耐药性,对受试喹诺酮类、复方新诺明等多种药物高度敏感。 相似文献
10.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(17)
为了了解山东、河北和河南等省部分地区养殖场鸡源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性,试验采用细菌分离和生化鉴定方法对鸡大肠杆菌进行分离和鉴定,通过动物试验确定分离大肠杆菌的致病性,应用血清学方法和药敏试验对致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性进行研究。结果表明:分离鉴定的119株大肠杆菌中致病性菌株有110株,其中92株致病性菌株能够定型,分别属于15个血清型,有5株出现交叉凝集,O14、O35、O1、O2、O78、O88为优势血清型;分离鉴定的致病性大肠杆菌对环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮等最敏感,对林可霉素、头孢克肟、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、红霉素的耐药率达60%以上。说明分离的致病性大肠杆菌血清型存在复杂性,对大部分临床常用药物产生了不同程度的耐药。 相似文献
11.
为了探讨中药与抗菌药物联用对大肠杆菌耐药性的作用效果，本研究对河南部分地区采集的样品（50份）进行分离鉴定、生化试验及致病性试验，对分离鉴定后的致病性猪大肠杆菌选用12种中药采用K-B法进行耐药性检测，将筛选出来的中药与抗生素进行中西联用对致病性大肠杆菌做体外抑菌试验，并分析中西药联用对大肠杆菌的抑制作用。结果显示，采集的50份样品有23株菌符合大肠杆菌的分离培养特性和生化特性，且23株菌均为致病性大肠杆菌；通过耐药性检测，23株试验菌株对测试的中药均有不同程度的耐药性，其中试验菌株对甘草耐药率最高（82.6%），其次为生地（78.2%），而对黄柏（17.3%）和白头翁（21.7%）耐药性较低，具有一定的敏感性；体外抑菌试验结果发现，中药与抗生素联用均有不同程度的抑菌效果，其中黄柏、白头翁与抗菌药物联用的抑菌效果最明显。以上结果说明中药与抗菌药物联用不仅可以抑制大肠杆菌的耐药性，还可以延缓大肠杆菌耐药性的产生。 相似文献
12.
[目的]为了分析河西走廊地区犊牛腹泻致病性大肠杆菌携带毒力基因和耐药性情况,[方法]2020—2021年在河西走廊地区采集患腹泻病犊牛的粪便、肛拭子及肝脏等病料组织279份,采用人工感染试验动物、PCR方法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌致病性、毒力因子和耐药性。[结果]结果表明,分离得到了126株大肠杆菌,其中79株犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌能引起小鼠死亡;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因crl、irp2、fimH、papC、K88、K99、stx1、stx2检测率在40.5%～100%之间,其他毒力基因检测率在15.2%～34.2%之间;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、新霉素等8种药物的耐药率在49.4%～96.2%之间,对其他药物的耐药率在5.1%～32.9%之间。[结论]从河西走廊地区患腹泻病犊牛病料组织中分离得到79株致病性大肠杆菌,这些菌株携带多种毒力基因,对临床中常用的抗菌药物产生了耐药性。 相似文献
13.
Current data on antibiotic resistance of the most important bovine mastitis pathogens in Switzerland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
100 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), 100 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 100 strains of Streptococcus spp. and 100 strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli), isolated from bovine mastitis milk samples between November 2002 and April 2003, were tested for their sensitivity to various antibiotics by means of the agar diffusion method. The antibiotics were chosen on the basis of their licenses for intramammary application in Switzerland (www.vetpharm.unizh.ch). 91% of the S. aureus strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. Only 9% of the strains were resistant to Penicillin G and 7% to Ampicillin. 53% of the CNS strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. 31% exhibited resistance to Penicillin G, 26% to Ampicillin, 16% to Cloxacillin and 14% to Lincomycin. 30% of the Streptococcus spp. strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. 4% were resistant to Penicillin G, 4% to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 1% to Cefoperazone, 2% to Cefquinome, 35% to Neomycin, 22% to Gentamicin, 61% to Kanamy-cin and 11% to Lincomycin. 43% of the strains showed multiple resistance. 79% of the E. coli strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. 20% exhibited resistance to Ampicillin, 9% to Neomycin and 10% to Kanamycin. A comparison of the own results with data of other authors in Switzerland shows no important changes in the resistance situation during the last 20 years. With the exception of two strains (Streptococcus spp.), all tested isolates were sensible against Cefquinome. 相似文献
14.
Drug resistance in strains of Escherichia coli isolated from the intestinal tract of pigs in Norway.
E Liven 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1979,20(2):258-269
Faecal samples from 95 healthy pigs and samples of jejunal content from 85 piglets suffering from colienterotoxaemia were tested for the presence of drug resistant E. coli strains. Practically all pigs in both groups harboured E. coli strains resistant to one or more of the 6 antibiotics/chemotherapeutic agents tested (Oxytetracycline, streptomycin, sulphaisodimidin, neomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol). Almost 100% of healthy and approx. 90% of diseased pigs harboured strains resistant to Oxytetracycline, streptomycin and sulphaisodimidin. Pigs with strains resistant to neomycin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol were less frequently found. The predominant coliform flora consisted of E. coli strains” resistant to Oxytetracycline, streptomycin and sulphaisodimidin in 71% to 81% of diseased pigs and in 47% to 69% of the healthy pigs. In diseased pigs ¾ of the animals had a coliform flora dominated by neomycinresistant E. coli strains.Of the 721 resistant E. coli strains isolated from healthy pigs, 11% were single resistant while the corresponding figure for the 518 resistant strains isolated from diseased pigs was 6%. Thus 89% and 94% of strains showed simultaneous resistance to 2 or more antibiotics. E. coli strains resistant to 3 or more drugs were found in approx. 60% and 70% of the isolates from healthy and diseased animals, respectively. Oxytetracycline/streptomycin/sulphaisodimidin resistance was most commonly found, approx. 22% and 38% of the strains from healthy and diseased pigs, respectively, showing this resistance pattern.Transmission of drug resistance which was examined in E. coli strains originating from the diseased pigs was demonstrated in approx. 76% of the isolates. The incidence of drug resistance transfer in single, double, triple and quadruple resistant strains was 11%, 68%, 97% and 98%, respectively. 相似文献
15.
16.
This study was designed to explore the effect of nitrogen and phosphorous on the resistance of E.coli from environment and the mechanism.Microcosms were established to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorous on the resistant phenotype of E.coli to chloramphenicol (CHL).cat gene of isolated drug-resistant strains and susceptible strains were detected.The results showed that,different concentration of nitrogen and phosphorous could induce the formation of antibiotics resistance of E.coli to CHL.The rate of cat gene of 46 strains of chloramphenicol resistant E.coli was 89.13%,which was 0 in the 16 strains of chloramphenicol sensitive E.coli.The results indicated that,nitrogen and phosphorous in the microcosms could induce the formation and maintenance of resistance to chloramphenicol in E.coli,which had correlation with cat gene. 相似文献
17.
鸡源大肠杆菌的耐药性监测及生物学特性研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
从山东省诸城地区6个集约化养鸡场采集50只病死鸡病料,从中分离鉴定得到32株大肠杆菌,对其进行了12种常规药敏试验,发现分离的菌株有不同程度的耐药性。对14株优势血清型菌株进行了质粒DNA提取分析,然后用Hind Ⅲ限制性内切酶对质粒进行了酶切。结果表明,质粒的得率为100%,来源相同的菌株具有相同或相似的质粒图谱,也就是说它们有共同的起源;来源不同的菌株的质粒图谱一般不同,即有不同的起源。将血清型和质粒图谱比较,结果发现,同一血清型可以有不同的质粒图谱,不同血清型可以有相似的质粒图谱,血清型与质粒图谱没有直接的联系。 相似文献
18.
Incidence of drug resistance and transmissible R factors in strains of E. coli isolated from faeces of healthy pigs 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
H Sogaard 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1973,14(3):381-391
Two hundred and twenty-six strains of E. coli were isolated from faeces of 107 pigs at different ages and without clinical signs of infectious diseases. The resistance of the strains to sulphonamide, tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid was determined. In 74 % of the animals the predominant E. coli flora was found to be resistant to one or more of the drugs mentioned. Fifty-three % of the strains were resistant. Multiple resistance was predominant among resistant strains (67 %). R factors transmissible to a sensitive strain of E. coli K12 W3132 were demonstrated in 28 %. The proportion of resistant strains was largest in young animals (0–14 weeks) accounting for 65 % of the strains isolated, as compared to 43 % of strains from pigs and sows (6 months or more). The incidence of resistance to sulphonamide, tetracycline, and streptomycin was high, whereas most of the strains were sensitive to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. All strains were sensitive to nalidixic acid.The incidence of resistance to antibiotics in a population of pigs to whom these drugs are not fed but applied as therapeutic agents solely seems rather high. When based on clinical findings only, the value is therefore questionable of sulphonamide, tetracycline and streptomycin treatment of infectious diseases caused by E. coli. 相似文献
19.