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1.
盐胁迫及贮藏时间对4种补血草种子发芽特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了盐胁迫和贮藏时间对二色补血草、黄花补血草、中华补血草和德国补血草种子发芽特性的影响,以探讨其种子萌发时的耐盐性差异,并了解适宜种子发芽的贮藏时间.试验对发芽率、胚根长度、发芽速度、耐盐指数等指标进行了测定分析,结果表明:在0 ～8 g/L NaCl浓度范围内,二色、黄花、德国补血草种子发芽率之间的差异均不显著,但中华补血草种子在8 g/L NaCl浓度下的发芽率显著低于对照及2 g/L和4 g/L的盐处理;随着盐胁迫程度加深,4种补血草的胚根和幼苗长均呈现出先上升后下降的趋势;盐胁迫下德国补血草发芽速度最快,黄花补血草发芽速度最慢;4种补血草有较强的耐盐性,种子萌发时均可耐8 g/L的盐浓度,4种补血草耐盐性强弱表现为:二色补血草＞德国补血草＞中华补血草＞黄花补血草.贮藏1年的4种补血草种子的发芽率均极显著高于贮藏2年的,贮藏时间对中华补血草种子发芽特性影响最小,对德国补血草影响最大,德国补血草不宜采用隔年种子育苗. 相似文献
2.
重金属Cu污染对苏丹草种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
为了探讨苏丹草在重金属Cu污染土壤植被修复中的应用,以苏丹草种子为材料,研究了不同浓度铜(Cu)溶液对苏丹草种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：Cu胁迫浓度低于10 mg/L时,对苏丹草种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和5 mm胚芽鞘的伸长具有促进作用,随Cu浓度升高,促进作用变为抑制效应;Cu胁迫浓度对幼苗高度、根长、鲜重和干重均存在抑制作用,且浓度越高对幼苗生长抑制越明显;Cu对苏丹草幼苗地上部分的抑制作用大于对根系的抑制。重金属Cu对苏丹草种子萌发和幼苗生长存在抑制效应,植被修复中应测定土壤Cu含量后决定播种及种子用量。 相似文献
3.
4种补血草属植物种子萌发期抗旱性研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为了研究4种补血草属植物种子之间的抗旱性差异及大小,为干旱荒漠区选择出抗旱性较强的补血草植物,笔者用不同浓度PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫条件,对二色补血草（Limonium bicolor）、大叶补血草（Limonium gmelinii）、耳叶补血草（Limonium otolepis）和乡土种黄花补血草（Limonium aureum）4种补血草种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、幼苗鲜重、活力指数进行了测定,并将处理7天后未萌发的种子移入蒸馏水中,测定了种子萌发恢复率。结果表明：在蒸馏水中,种子萌发率最高;随着PEG-6000溶液浓度的增加,种子的发芽率、发芽势、幼苗鲜重和发芽指数呈递减趋势。PEG-6000溶液处理后,未发芽的种子在复水后可恢复萌发。黄花补血草的抗旱耐性指数最大,其次依次为二色补血草、大叶补血草和耳叶补血草。结合发芽势、发芽率、幼苗长度、发芽速率、种子幼苗鲜重等指标分析表明,黄花补血抗旱性最强,二色补血草和大叶补血草居中,耳叶补血草最差。 相似文献
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5.
为研究空心莲子草对草坪草的化感作用,以3种常见暖季型草坪草(细叶结缕草、地毯草和狗牙根)为试验材料,采用培养皿滤纸法对不同浓度空心莲子草水浸提液对3种常见暖季型草坪草种子萌发的影响进行研究。结果显示:空心莲子草全株水浸提液对细叶结缕草种子萌发的影响随着浓度的增加而抑制作用加强;对地毯草种子萌发,在0.125、0.25 g/mL浓度条件下具有促进作用,在0.0625、0.5 g/mL具有抑制作用;对狗牙根种子萌发影响表现出高浓度抑制、低浓度促进的双重效应。表明空心莲子草具有较强的化感作用,通过向周围环境释放化感物质影响种子的萌发和幼苗生长。 相似文献
6.
用不同浓度的NaCl溶液处理大吴风草种子,观测NaCl胁迫对大吴风草种子萌发的影响。结果表明：适量的NaCl（〈0．2％）胁迫有利于提高大吴风草种子的幼苗生长;随着NaCl胁迫浓度升高,大吴风草种子的发芽率、芽长、发芽速度及发芽指数均呈下降趋势,移栽成活率显著低于对照,说明高浓度的NaCI（〉1．1％）胁迫可明显影响种子萌发和移栽。 相似文献
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以培养皿为小区,在实验室研究了农林复合系统中匙叶翼首草种子浸提液对甘青5号青稞种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：匙叶翼首草种子不同浸提时间的浸提液对青稞的化感作用效果不同,且出现了浸提液对青稞种子萌发及幼苗生长有短时间浸提液促进、长时间浸提液抑制的双重效应。且浸提48h的浸提液对青裸种子发芽抑制作用最大,浸提24h促进作用最大。匙叶翼首草种子不同浸提时间的浸提液对青稞的根系活力和过氧化氢酶活性的不同影响同样反映了不同程度的化感效应,同时彼此相互作用。 相似文献
9.
6-BA等对驱蚊香草种子发芽与幼苗生长的影响 总被引：12，自引：5，他引：12
本文分析了6-BA、GA3、NAA等植物生长调节剂对驱蚊香草种子发芽与幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:不同植物生长调节剂对驱蚊香草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响不同,同一植物生长调节剂的不同浓度也有不同的影响.与ck对比,GA3进驱蚊香草发芽与幼苗生长的最佳浓度为150 mg/L;而6-BA与NAA的理想浓度则分别为1 mg/L和0.5 mg/L.其中,1 mg/L的6-BA对驱蚊香草种子发芽和幼苗生长的作用效果最好. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献