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1.
DEM为水文分析提供了更加多样化的研究分析途径。研究以ASTER GDEM为数据源,利用均值变点和水道分叉比综合对比分析不同区域的水文特征和流域地貌特征,对比不同区域在最佳阈值提取的河网差异及彼此间流域河道分叉比的特征。试验结果表明:清溪河样区和杏子河样区的最佳汇流阈值分别为1500和1300,其所对应的河网密度分别为0.63和0.68;不同的流域内取相同的汇流阈值时河道的分叉能力相同或相近,但河道的数目上有较大的区别。这两者的结合可以在今后的地形分析中提供必要的理论依据。 相似文献
2.
基于DEM的东江湖风景区水文分析研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
DEM(Digital Elevation Model)是流域分析的主要数据源,提供了丰富的地质地貌、水文信息。详细介绍了利用DEM数据提取水文特征的方法,包括洼地填充、水流方向、汇流累积量、水流长度和水文分析。以东江湖流域为例,采用ArcGIS软件的Hydrology模块提供的D8算法以确定水流方向,通过汇流累积量的计算和相关阈值的设定,提取东江湖水文特征。结果表明,研究区最大水流长度为113651 m;采用该算法模拟的流域数字水系与水利部门提供的地形数据基本相符,真实反映了研究区水系的空间分布规律,为进一步研究东江湖流域的植被生态环境演变提供基础数据和参考。 相似文献
3.
基于DEM 的重庆长江流域水系分维估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
摘要：基于数字高程模型,本文利用ArcGIS9.3的水文分析模块,根据不同的集水面积阈值, 提取了重庆长江流域河网信息,通过网格法计算了相应的水系分维。根据集水面积阈值与水系分维的相互关系, 确定该流域水系分维值为1. 036,经计算得到的河网特征以及流域信息与实际河流水系特征及流域信息基本吻合。 相似文献
4.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(5)
以黄秋葵干果荚为原料,选用超声辅助手段对提取其多糖工艺进行优化。采用单因素试验探讨了超声温度、超声时间、液料比和超声功率对黄秋葵干果荚多糖提取得率的影响,在此基础上进行正交试验以确定最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明,提取黄秋葵干果荚多糖的最佳工艺条件为超声温度60℃,超声时间25 min,液料比40:1(mL:g),超声功率90 W,在此条件下提取的黄秋葵干果荚多糖平均得率为3.53%(m/m);制得的RPS对·OH的清除率随着其质量浓度的增加而增大,IC_(50)值为2.41±0.07 mg/mL,表现出较好的体外抗氧化活性。 相似文献
5.
通过在茶园中使用三种有机肥料及5个梯度施肥用量对比试验，测定茶叶春梢内含物质变化。结果表明，EM生物有机肥的最佳施肥量为200 kg/667 m2,酵素菌生物有机肥的最佳施肥量为300 kg/667 m2,油枯肥的最佳施肥量为200 kg/667 m2;当施肥量为150 kg/667 m2、200 kg/667 m2、250 kg/667 m2时，最佳肥料均为EM生物有机肥；当施肥量为300 kg/667 m2时，最佳肥料为酵素菌生物有机肥。在所有处理下，除油枯肥150 kg/667 m2处理，酚氨比略高于8,其余处理酚氨比都低于8,适宜加工绿茶。 相似文献
6.
为了探索析取克里格插值算法中的插值参数对构建DEM精度的影响,以云南元谋干热河谷典型冲沟为例,基于野外实测点云数据,改变析取克吕格插值中的核函数、搜索点数、搜索方向和光滑因子参数构建DEM,运用交叉检验和验证数据集检验评价DEM插值精度。研究结果表明：（1）在不同的核函数中,Stable 函数的插值效果最佳;（2）搜索点数为2~5 个是最佳的选择;（3）在搜索方向的对比中,有方向搜索比无方向搜索误差小,且四方向比八方向的误差小;（4）当光滑因子≥0.8 时,DEM插值精度的误差明显增大。通过对析取克里格插值参数的优选,在研究样区构建出0.08 m的高精度DEM,为该区域的冲沟研究提供资料。 相似文献
7.
一种高质量的数字高程模型（DEM）建立方法
——ANUDEM法 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
建立高质量的数字高程模型（DEM）是正确计算坡度、坡向、提取流域地形特征、进行水文分析的前提，因而在研究土壤侵蚀、植被建设和土地利用规划与评价中都具有重要意义。ANUDEM采用迭代有限微分内插技术和地形强化算法，自动去除伪下陷点和生成输入数据错误文件，便于查错改善DEM质量，并减少了去除伪下陷点的编辑或DEM的后处理过程。本文以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型小流域为例，利用大比例尺（1:10000）数字化地形图，利用ANUDEM建立DEM，从DEM光照模拟图、回放等高线、提取水系、坡度等方面对建立的DEM的质量进行了评价。研究表明，ANUDEM建立的DEM表面光滑；回放等高线与原等高线符合度高，能更准确地表现地形起伏；由其提取的坡度准确；水系连续完整与地形图上河流一致，适宜水文分析，是一种建立高质量DEM的优良方法。 相似文献
8.
基于DEM的河网水系分形特征研究——以常德市桃源县为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了给流域的治理实践及理论研究提供基础性数字地形信息,以常德市桃源县为例,利用ArcGIS软件的水文分析扩展模块,探讨了DEM的制作处理,获取了研究区域水流流向、汇流累积量、河网水系等流域特征信息,同时用计盒维数和Horton定理2种水系分维数估算方法来估算水系分维数。结果表明：（1）运用DEM和ArcGIS的水文分析模块提取的水系连续完整,且与实际水系特征吻合性较好,是一种进行流域水文分析的优良方法;（2）利用DEM提取水系的分维值,与原水系分维值基本一致,说明利用DEM提取水系分维值的方法具有可行性;（3）根据分维值可以判定研究流域地貌处于幼年期,此时水系尚未充分发育。 相似文献
9.
以核桃青皮为原料,以提取的色素在510 nm处的吸光值为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用Plackett-Burman试验和响应曲面法优化核桃青皮色素的超声辅助-醇提工艺。结果表明,乙醇体积分数、液料比和提取温度是影响核桃青皮色素提取效果的三个主要因素;核桃青皮色素提取的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数40%,液料比20∶1(m L/g),提取温度70℃,超声功率150 W,提取时间80 min;所得模型预测值与验证试验的实际值相近,色素的平均吸光值为0.64,平均提取率为2.32 mg/g,说明对核桃青皮色素提取工艺的分析结果可靠、精密度高、重现性好,可用于实际工业化生产。 相似文献
10.
以龙牙楤木芽为试材,在单因素试验的基础上,以多糖提取率为响应值,通过Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面分析,对龙牙楤木芽多糖提取工艺进行优化;以脱色率和多糖保留率为考察指标,利用正交试验优化活性炭脱除龙牙楤木芽多糖中色素的工艺。结果表明,龙牙楤木芽多糖的最佳提取工艺参数为:提取温度84℃,提取时间5 h,液料比26∶1(m L/g),在该工艺条件下龙牙楤木芽多糖平均提取率为5.87%。采用粉末活性炭用量0.6%(m/m)、p H 4.0、温度60℃、时间60 min工艺条件进行脱色处理,平均脱色率达94.08%、多糖保留率为68.15%。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
19.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献