共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
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自１９５９年中国从朝鲜引进虹鳟以后，又先后从前苏联、日本、法国引进了养鳟技术，养鳟业开始在中国萌芽。此后经历了将近２０年的沉默，上世纪８０年代后期养鳟业开始向全国普及，１９９６年后又先后引进了金鳟、山女鳟、白点鲑、褐鳟、大西洋鲑等品种，中国养鳟业由虹鳟单一品种养殖进入了多品种养殖的发展新时期。现在全国至少有２６个省、市、区发展了养鳟业，养鳟场户达８００余家，年产鳟鱼约６０００～８０００吨，已开发利用的冷水资源流量达４０～６０米３／秒。随着养鳟业的发展，鳟鱼游钓、鳟鱼饲料加工、鳟鱼食品加工等相关产… 相似文献
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中国养鳟业的发展及存在问题 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
一、中国养鳟业的技术特点1959年原国家水产部将朝鲜赠送的虹鳟鱼发眼卵和稚鱼交给黑龙江水产研究所时,国内还没有一个字的养鳟技术资料,养鳟研究从零起步。此后历经30年之久,立足于自行研究又先后汲取了俄罗斯大麻哈鱼人繁技术,日本、法国的养鳟和饲料加工技术,至80年代中期,确立了以人繁、养殖、常见病防治、全价硬颗粒饲料加工以及养鳟设施设计为主要内容的全人工养殖技术,开创了养鳟研究这一新的水产科研领域。至今这套技术仍然是养鳟业持续发展的重要支撑。其基本特点主要有以下几个方面。繁殖适宜水温是2～13℃,繁殖盛期是12～1月份。… 相似文献
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本溪位于辽东山区，养鳟条件优越，近年养鳟业发展迅速，形成了一定规模，带动了辽东地区养鳟事业。全市有国营养鳟场1处，集体养鳟场7处，个体户养鳟200户，养鳟面积120亩。年产鳟鱼30多万公斤。为丰富菜篮子，开辟农村致富门路起到了重要作用。 相似文献
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<正> 仔鱼开口饲料质量的好坏直接关系到虹鳟苗种生产的成败,苗种生产的成败影响着养鳟业的发展。大凡养鳟发达的国家和地区均有 相似文献
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Kyle J. Brumm Jory L. Jonas Carson G. Prichard Nicole M. Watson Kevin L. Pangle 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2019,28(1):11-19
Watershed development may alter tributaries in ways that influence the growth and development of juvenile fish. For Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, the extent of land cover influence on the diet composition of stream‐residing juveniles is still an open but important question, particularly given their broad global distribution. Our study evaluated the effect of land cover on diet composition and condition metrics of juvenile Rainbow Trout in Lake Michigan tributaries. Juveniles were collected in the fall of 2014 and 2015 from 18 sampling locations across the Lake Michigan basin and included a wide variety of land cover types. Multivariate statistical procedures were used to quantitatively score sites along axes that maximized variation in land cover and diet composition. Subsequently, Spearman's rank correlations were used to test for significance of correlations between (a) land cover and diet composition, (b) land cover and fish condition, and (c) diet composition and fish condition. Our results indicated that land cover had an influence on the diet compositions of juvenile Rainbow Trout, but neither land cover nor diet composition had a significant influence on Rainbow Trout condition. These findings contrast with previously published work focusing on the growth responses of other fish species and provide insight into the plastic nature of Rainbow Trout. Further, we discuss potential ways in which fish may mitigate the effect of land cover changes as they are transmitted through stream food webs; however, the magnitude of the mitigation likely varies among fish species. 相似文献
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《Aquaculture Research》1974,5(4):118-118
Book Reviewed in this article:
A Survey of the Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in Britain and Ireland. By Dr Winifred E. Frost. 1974. Salmon and Trout Association, London. 相似文献
A Survey of the Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in Britain and Ireland. By Dr Winifred E. Frost. 1974. Salmon and Trout Association, London. 相似文献
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Due to widespread stocking, Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) are perhaps the most widely distributed invasive species in the world. Nonetheless, little is known about the effects of stocked Rainbow Trout on native non‐game species. We conducted experiments in an artificial stream to assess the effects of hatchery Rainbow Trout on home range and behaviour of Warpaint Shiners (Luxilus coccogenis Cope), a common minnow frequently found in stocked Southern Appalachian streams. We used the LoCoH algorithm to generate polygons describing the home ranges used by Warpaint Shiners. When a stocked trout was present Warpaint Shiners: (a) increased home range size by 57%, (b) were displaced into higher velocity mesohabitats, and (c) reduced mean overlap between the home ranges of individual warpaint shiners. Rainbow Trout did not significantly affect the edge/area ratio of Warpaint Shiner home ranges. Warpaint Shiner density (two and five fish treatments) did not significantly affect any response variable. Displacement from preferred microhabitats and increases in home range size likely result in increased energy expenditure and exposure to potential predators (i.e., decreased individual fitness) of Warpaint Shiners when stocked trout are present. 相似文献
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国际虹鳟育种产业简介及其对我国的借鉴意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss原产于北美地区,为典型的冷水性鱼类,是世界性重要经济养殖鱼类之一和水产遗传育种领域的重要研究对象。虹鳟是最早采用数量遗传学理论指导遗传选育的水产动物之一,BLUP育种值估计和配合力分析等遗传评定方法以及家系选育、杂交和配套系育种等技术均在虹鳟育种实践中广泛应用。淡水鱼类养殖中,必须使用遗传选育的优良品种的行业共识,最早在虹鳟中确立。目前,在欧洲、北美以及智利等主要鲑鳟鱼养殖国家和地区,虹鳟良种覆盖率均已达到90%以上。鉴于虹鳟仍是我国养殖产量最高的鲑鳟鱼类,其育种工作在许多非原产国都取得了令人瞩目的成就,本文以全球化的视角,从虹鳟养殖与选育的历史概况、虹鳟种业的主要技术手段及产业格局、主要虹鳟育种机构的组织形式与类型特点等方面,简要介绍了国际虹鳟种业的发展及对我国虹鳟种业的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Optimizing zinc supplementation levels of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed practical type fishmeal‐ and plant‐based diets 
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下载免费PDF全文 Rainbow trout (23.1 ± 0.4 g) were fed either a fishmeal‐ or plant‐based diet supplemented with various levels of zinc (0, 15, 30, 60 or 120 mg kg?1) for 12 weeks. Trout fed the fishmeal diet had significantly higher weight gain than with the plant‐based diet. Zinc supplementation in the fishmeal diet had no effect on growth performance, suggesting that additional dietary supplementation of zinc is not required. However, in trout fed the plant‐based diet, growth increased significantly up to 30 mg kg?1 zinc after which growth was not affected. Trout fed the plant‐based diet containing no zinc exhibited severe growth retardation, and in fish fed the 0 and 15 mg kg?1 zinc diets, cataracts were present. Use of broken‐line quadratic modelling suggests that dietary supplementation of zinc needed to prevent deficiency and promote adequate growth in rainbow trout fed the plant‐based diet in this study was 30.1 mg kg?1 (80 mg kg?1 total dietary zinc). This is higher than the NRC (2011, Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp) dietary recommended level of 15 mg kg?1 for rainbow trout. Following the NRC recommendation could lead to zinc deficiency in rainbow trout fed a plant‐based diet. 相似文献
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Rainbow trout were exposed to 0–80 μg l−1 aluminum (Al) at pH 5.2 in synthetic soft water, for up to 8 weeks. Trout were submitted to an incremental swimming test to quantify their aerobic swimming capacity (Ucrit). After a simple, non-invasive cardiac surgery to install Doppler flow probes, their heart rate, cardiac output and stroke volume were measured while swimming at increasing water velocities. Fish exposed to Al accumulated significant amounts of Al at the gills (0–80 μg g−1) and in their liver (5–60 μg g−1) and had decreases in swimming capacity, ranging from 11 to 21%. Analysis of cardiac parameters during swimming revealed that increases in heart rate were used in trout exposed to the highest concentrations of Al to increase cardiac output, whereas control fish tended to increase cardiac output through increases in stroke volume. 相似文献
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虹鳟鱼肌肉营养成份的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用国标所规定的方法，对虹鳟鱼肌肉的营养成分进行了测定，其粗蛋白为20．5％，粗脂肪为3．34％，水分为73．6％；用氨基酸自动分析仪测定了18种氨基酸含量，并与青鱼、草鱼、兴国红鲤、鲢鱼、鳙鱼的营养物质含量进行对比分析，结果表明：虹鳟的蛋白质含量、脂肪含量以及必需氨基酸的含量均高于上述几种淡水鱼类。 相似文献
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S.M. Hixson C.C. Parrish J.S. Wells E.M. Winkowski D.M. Anderson C.N. Bullerwell 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(3):615-630
Camelina meal (Camelina sativa) (CM) is a potential protein source for aquaculture feeds, on account of its crude protein level (380 g kg?1) and inclusion of most indispensable amino acids. Two experiments were conducted with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Rainbow trout (44.9 g fish?1) were fed diets with CM at 0 g kg?1 (0% CM), 70 g kg?1 (7% CM), 140 g kg?1 (14% CM) or 210 g kg?1 (21% CM) for 12 weeks at 14 °C in freshwater, and salmon (241.8 g fish?1) were fed diets with CM at 0 g kg?1 (0% CM), 80 g kg?1 (8% CM), 160 g kg?1 (16% CM) or 240 g kg?1 (24% CM) for 16 weeks at 14 °C in sea water. Growth, lipid and amino acid tissue compositions were compared between species. Trout could tolerate up to 14% CM diets without affecting the growth compared to the control, while salmon fed ≥8% CM gained less weight than the control (P = 0.008). The feed conversion ratio in trout fed 21% CM was higher than the control (P = 0.002), and feed intake in salmon fed ≥8% CM was lower than the control (P = 0.006). Trout fatty acid and amino acid composition showed minimal differences between CM‐fed and control‐fed fish, while salmon showed significant alterations after feeding CM diets. Multivariate analyses emphasized differences in tissue composition between species fed CM diets. 相似文献