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1.
甜椒贮藏病害及其防腐措施的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
鉴定发现，甜椒果实贮藏期间的主要真菌病害有：甜椒灰霉病（Ｂｏｔｒｙｔｉｓ ｃｉｎｅｒｅａＰｅｒｓ．）、甜椒果腐病［Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａ ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔａ（Ｆｒ．） Ｋｅｉｓｓｌ］及甜椒根霉腐烂病（Ｒｈｉｚｏｐｕｓｎｉｇｒｉｃａｎｓ Ｅｈｒ．）等。化学药剂抑菌试验结果表明：ＣＨＣ（次氯酸钙）、ＤＭＦ（富马酸二甲酯）效果最好；ＳＢ（仲丁胺衍生物）、ＹＯＰＰ（乙酸ＯＰＰ）、ＫＭ（克霉灵－５０％的仲丁胺）、 Ｉ２（碘制剂）、 ＣｌＯ２（二氧化氯）次之。这些药剂用于处理接种灰霉病菌或未接种病菌的甜椒果实，其防腐效果以ＣＨＣ ０．０１５％、Ｉ２０．０５％、ＳＢ０．１ｍＬ／ｋｇ和ＫＭ０．１ｍＬ／ｋｇ较好。 相似文献
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猕猴桃幼果期钙处理对果实贮藏和品质的影响 总被引：27，自引：1，他引：26
以中华猕猴桃品系湘酃８０－２为试材,在幼果期进行浸钙处理。结果表明：不同钙处理能不同程度地延长猕猴桃果实贮藏期,其中以０．５％Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２处理对果实贮藏中品质的综合效果最好;０．５％Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２＋１００ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１萘乙酸能显著提高果实硬度与贮藏性能。 相似文献
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猴头菌产量与培养料含氮量的动态关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用２０种配方进行猴头菌的栽培试验。培养料配方为棉籽壳、木屑和麦麸,其含Ｎ量为０．２２％￣１．４２％。试验结果表明,猴头菌子实体干物质绝对生物学效率（ＡＢＥ％＝ｙ１）,经济效益（ｙ２）与培养料含Ｎ量（Ｎ％＝ｘ１）之间的动态关系符合Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ方程：ｙ１＝１０．００／（１＋３．４２４２ｅ＾－２．３２１５ｘ１）,ｒ’ｙ１ｘ１＝－０．８６４８＾＊＊,Ｐ〉０．０１;ｙ２＝３．００／（１＋８．６７９１ｅ 相似文献
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采用二因子试验方法，设计７种培养料配方和４种栽培方法对肺形侧耳Ｐ９５４１８菌株进行优化栽培试验。结果表明，熟料栽培方法效果最好，生物学效率高于１００％。适宜配方依次为：稻草培养料（稻草８４％，麦麸１５％，石膏粉１％），橡胶树木屑培养料（橡胶树木屑８４％，麦麸１５％，石膏粉１％），橡胶树木屑＋甘蔗渣培养料（橡胶树木屑４０％，甘蔗渣４４％，麦麸１５％，石膏粉１％），甘蔗渣培养料（甘蔗渣８４％，麦麸１５％，石膏粉１％）。肺形侧耳在雷州半岛一年四季都可出菇，尤以初夏和秋季出菇最理想。 相似文献
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目的:利用辣木枝屑为主料栽培糙皮侧耳。方法:通过辣木与常规配方对比试验,研究辣木对糙皮侧耳菌丝生长速度、菌丝长势及生物转化率的影响,以此评价辣木枝屑为主料栽培糙皮侧耳的可行性。结果:糙皮侧耳在辣木枝屑为主料的各配方中均能正常生长和出菇,以配方④(辣木枝屑60%,棉子壳38%,石灰1%,石膏1%)和配方⑤(辣木枝屑50%,杂木屑23%,棉子壳25%,石灰1%,石膏1%)表现最佳,菌丝长势强,生长速度分别为8.0 mm/d和7.3 mm/d,生物转化率分别为96.03%和93.51%,且均优于对照组。结论:辣木枝屑可用于栽培糙皮侧耳。 相似文献
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正交试验法在龙眼和荔枝组织培养中的应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
利用正交设计试验法研究了椰乳（ＣＭ）、２,４－Ｄ、赤霉素（ＧＡ３）和蔗糖等四个因素及其组合对石硖龙眼和桂味荔枝的幼胚愈伤组织产生的影响,并讨论了正交设计试验法应用于龙眼和荔枝组织培养基筛选的可能性。结果表明：１）对龙眼,诱导愈伤组织的最优组合是ＣＭ１０％、２,４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１和蔗糖３％;对荔枝,最优组合是ＣＭ０％,２,４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１,ＧＡ３０ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１和蔗糖５％。２）适当 相似文献
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无土基质与营养液EC值对切花菊生长发育的影响 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
探讨了营养液不同水平ＥＣ值与３ 种栽培基质对切花菊生长发育的影响。结果表明， 在‘日本黄菊’现蕾期前， 锯末混合河沙基质， 营养液ＥＣ 值为３ ．６ ～４ ．０ ｍＳ·ｃｍ － １ 对菊花生长发育较好； ＫＤ１ 型高吸水性树脂混河沙基质， 营养液ＥＣ值为２．６～３ ．０ ｍＳ·ｃｍ － １ 为宜。锯末混炉渣的ＥＣ值以２．０～２ ．５ ｍＳ·ｃｍ － １ 适宜。在上述ＥＣ 值下， 菊花生长发育良好， 切花外观达标率高。在生长发育良好状态下（ＥＣ３ ．１ ～３ ．５） 菊花组织矿质元素含量为： Ｎ （３６ ．７８ ±１２．０９） 、Ｐ （６．７０ ±２．６３） 、Ｋ （５７ ．４３ ±２２ ．１０） 、Ｃａ （５ ．４９±２ ．０３） 、Ｍｇ （１．８０ ±０．４９） ｍｇ·ｇ－ １ 。 相似文献
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利用正交设计试验法研究了椰乳（ＣＭ）、２，４－Ｄ、赤霉素（ＧＡ３）和蔗糖等四个因素及其组合对石硖龙眼和桂味荔枝的幼胚愈伤组织产生的影响，并讨论了正交设计试验法应用于龙眼和荔枝组织培养培养基筛选的可能性。结果表明：１）对龙眼，诱导愈伤组织的最优组合是 ＣＭ １０％、２，４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ·１－１、ＧＡ３０ｍｇ·１－１和蔗糖３％；对荔枝，最优组合是ＣＭ０％，２，４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ·１－１，ＧＡ３０ｍｇ·１－１和蔗糖 ５％。 ２）适当的 ２，４－Ｄ浓度（１．０ ｍｇ·１－１）可提高愈伤组织的产量；３）ＧＡ３抑制了龙眼和荔枝的愈伤组织的产生；４）不同树种的胚需要不同的糖浓度；５）适当ＣＭ浓度（１０％）可提高龙眼愈伤组织的产量，而荔枝愈伤组织的产生并不需要ＣＭ。 相似文献
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AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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Fulé Peter Z. Crouse Joseph E. Heinlein Thomas A. Moore Margaret M. Covington W. Wallace Verkamp Greg 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(5):465-486
Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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以西双版纳黄瓜和‘华黄5号’黄瓜叶片为试验材料,研究了衰老过程中两种黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量变化及脱镁叶绿素脱镁叶绿酸水解酶基因PPH和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶基因PAO的表达。结果表明：随着叶片衰老,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值在0.5左右,推测叶绿素b的含量可能对黄瓜叶片保绿起到重要作用。荧光定量RT-PCR分析结果显示：PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片生长35 d时表达量最高,分别为5.50和1.86;PPH在‘华黄5号’叶片35 d时表达量最高,为7.14,而PAO在35和45 d表达量都很高,分别为3.90和3.91;PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片中的表达量低于在‘华黄5号’中。 相似文献
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AIM:To observe the effect of simvastatin on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) induced by serum and growth factor PDGF-BB and the effect of simvastatin on the expression of PTEN,a important regulator of G1/S cell cycle transition. METHODS:The DNA synthesis was determined by [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry, the protein level of PTEN was measured by Western blot method. RESULTS: (1)Simvastatin inhibited [3H]-TdR incorporation in a dose dependent manner. (2) Flow cytometric DNA analysis revealed that simvastatin induced significantly enhancement of G0/G1 phase and decrease in S phase VSMCs.(3)Simvastatin increased protein level of PTEN and mevalonate, a metabolite of HMG-COA, reversed the effect of simvastatin on PTEN protein expression. CONCLUSION:Simvastatin may inhibit proliferation of VSMCs and retarded cell cycle in G0/G1 phase by increasing PTEN expression through inhibiting synthesis of mevalonate. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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A two-year field study investigated the possible effects of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) and uncultivated areas on the abundance of generalist predators in commercially-managed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields in Texas, USA. From 63 to 70 fields were sampled for pests and predators over nine consecutive weeks during early stages of cotton development. Additional data on agronomic practices and landscape composition at three spatial scales were also collected for each field. Stepwise regression analyses were used to determine the relationships of landscape, agronomic and prey variables to the abundance of generalist predators. Because the variables most closely linked to predator levels could vary over time, separate regressions were conducted for three time periods corresponding to stages of grain sorghum growth (half-bloom, hard-dough, maturity) in each year. Significant relationships between predator abundance and agricultural landscape composition appear in both years and in all three time periods, but the specific relationships of landscape variables to cotton predator levels differed between and within years. At maturity in 2001, predator levels rose as the amount of uncultivated land from 1.6 to 3.2 km distant and the perimeter shared with grain sorghum increased. During 2002, the area of grain sorghum (half-bloom) and uncultivated land (hard-dough) within 1.6 km of cotton fields were both positively related to predator numbers. Cotton planting dates and the abundance of cotton fleahoppers (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus [Reuter]) were also strongly linked to predator numbers during both years. Results suggest that the total amount of grain sorghum or uncultivated land in an area is more important than the presence of these habitats adjacent to cotton fields, and that landscape composition may sometimes be the most important factor in determining predator abundance. 相似文献