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1.
Decheng Wang Yufeng Liu Ruiping She Jingjing Xu Liqiang Liu Jinmao Xiong Yurong Yang Quan Sun Kaisong Peng 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(3-4):229-237
Recent studies here have demonstrated that increased mast cell populations and tryptase activity contribute to lesion formation in regions of immune organs in special-pathogen-free chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). Mast cells and their mediators have been implicated in acute inflammatory injury after vvIBDV infection, but their precise role in this process remains elusive. In this study, the role of mast cells in the vvIBDV infection process was examined using ketotifen, a mast cell membrane stabilizer. On days 1, 2, and 3 postinfection, the bursa of Fabricius (BFs) were collected to quantify mast cells, tryptase and histamine contents by cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and fluorospectrophotometry analyses, respectively. The results showed that the mast cell populations, tryptase expression, and histamine released increased significantly in the BFs (p < 0.01) of infected birds compared to controls, and acute inflammatory responses were observed in the former. In contrast, in infected chickens pretreated with ketotifen, mast cells, tryptase, and histamine were markedly decreased (p < 0.01) and probably as a result, the BFs remitted significantly. The overall results suggest that mast cells are positively involved in BF injury induced by vvIBDV infection. Inhibition of mast cell degranulation and concurrent mediator release may represent a novel strategy to modulate this process. This study, thus, advances the understanding of the acute inflammatory injury mechanisms triggered by vvIBDV infection and the contribution of mast cell activity in this process. 相似文献
2.
提取惠阳胡须鸡脾脏、胸腺、盲肠扁桃体、胸肌、肝脏、肾脏、心脏、未刺激的外周血淋巴细胞（PBL）和ConA刺激后的PBL的总RNA,采用RT-PCR的方法检测IFN-α/β受体α链（IFNAR1）、IFN-α/β受体β链（IFNAR2）和IFN-γ受体β链（IFNGR2）基因的表达情况.在未经刺激的PBL中未检测到IFNAR1、IFNAR2的表达,ConA刺激后的淋巴细胞中IFNAR1、IFNAR2的表达量比较高;在组织中,仅在脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、肝脏和胸腺中检测到了IFNAR1、IFNAR2的表达.在未刺激的PBL、ConA刺激后的PBL、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、肝脏、胸腺、胸肌中均检测到了IFNGR2的表达,在肾脏和心脏中未检测到IFNGR2的表达.IFNAR1、IFNAR2、IFNGR2在刺激后的PBL、免疫器官和肝脏中分布,表明IFNAR1、IFNAR2、IFNGR2可能参与机体的免疫调节和肝脏的代谢过程.不同的干扰素受体在PBL和各组织中分布情况的差异可能与其各自功能的差异有关. 相似文献
3.
番鸭呼肠孤病毒诱导的细胞凋亡观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以番鸭呼肠孤病毒人工感染10日龄健康番鸭,运用原位末端标记技术及免疫组织化学方法,对番鸭呼肠孤病毒感染后番鸭多种组织的细胞凋亡进行检测,对死亡因子FasL的表达进行研究。原位末端标记检测显示,多种组织器官中出现大量阳性细胞,表明番鸭呼肠孤感染可引起肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、肺脏、胸腺、盲肠和法氏囊发生不同程度的细胞凋亡。免疫组织化学研究结果表明,感染番鸭呼肠孤病毒后,肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、胸腺、盲肠和法氏囊等多种组织中可观察到FasL表达,且各种组织FasL表达的强弱与原位末端标记检测的细胞凋亡指数高低相一致。结果表明番鸭呼肠孤病毒诱导细胞凋亡的机制与FasL的表达密切相关。 相似文献
4.
高致病力传染性法氏囊病野毒致弱株回传SPF鸡致病性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
vvIBDV致弱株经4周龄SPF鸡传代培养过程中,对接种鸡的法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体等免疫器官进行病理组织学检查,并分析主要免疫器官指数.发现随传代次数的增加,法氏囊和胸腺萎缩及脾脏肿大的程度逐渐加重;法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体内淋巴细胞崩解、坏死及脾脏内网状巨噬细胞增生的程度逐渐加深.试验结果表明,在传代过程中vvIBDV致弱株的毒力又逐渐恢复. 相似文献
5.
选择1日龄健康雏番鸭45只,随机分为3组,分别喂以每kg含锌离子20mg、40mg、200mg的饲料,饲养期为45d。于15日龄、30日龄和45日龄每组随机宰杀5只,取法氏囊、脾脏、胸腺,Carnoy法固定,甲苯胺蓝染色,显微镜观察肥大细胞数量的变化规律。结果表明：15日龄时,低锌日粮组鸭子胸腺和脾脏的肥大细胞数量均比另外两组高,（P〉0.05）,而法氏囊中低锌日粮组肥大细胞数量比另外两组明显高（P〈0.01）。30日龄时,低锌日粮组鸭子胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊中肥大细胞数量均比高锌日粮组显著增多（P〈0.05）,而与正常锌日粮组相比,差异不显著（P〉0.05）。45日龄时,法氏囊高锌日粮组与低锌日粮组和正常锌日粮组差异显著（P〈0.05）;脾脏各组间差异不显著（P〉0.05）,但高锌日粮组肥大细胞数量最多;胸腺低锌日粮组与高锌日粮组和正常锌日粮组差异极显著（P〈0.01）。因此,锌具有稳定免疫器官中肥大细胞数量的重要作用,但长时间添加高剂量锌反而会增加肥大细胞数量。 相似文献
6.
鸭瘟病毒强毒株在急性人工感染成年鸭病例体内分布规律 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
5 6只 3月龄四川麻鸭经皮下接种鸭瘟病毒 (DPV)强毒 SC1株 ,成功建立了 DPV感染的急性病理模型 ,并应用PCR方法检测了不同时间 DPV在感染鸭体各组织器官的分布情况。结果表明 ,接种 2 h后 ,即能够从脑、肝、脾、法氏囊、胸腺中检出 DPV DNA;12 h,可从心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、十二指肠、直肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、脑、胸肌、食管、腺胃、血液、舌、口腔分泌物、皮肤、骨髓和粪便等检测到 DPV的 DNA。检出时间最早和检出率最高的组织器官为肝脏和脑组织。本试验为阐明 DPV的致病机理和应用 PCR方法检测感染鸭体组织中的 DPV提供了重要的实验数据。 相似文献
7.
The replicative abilities and tissue tropism properties of 13 non-pathogenic or low-pathogenic waterfowl-origin type A influenza isolates recovered in 1986 were examined in chickens. Following intravenous challenge, reisolation of challenge virus was attempted from swabs of the luminal surfaces of the cloaca, jejunum, ileum, bursa, trachea, and air sacs and from swabs of bone marrow and liver tissues. Virus-isolation attempts were also accomplished on brain, thymus, spleen, pancreas, gonad, kidney, blood, and lung tissues. The overall frequency of influenza virus recovery for each experiment ranged from 3.1% to 49.3%. For all experiments combined, 58.3% of the kidney tissues and 62.9% of the cloacal swab samples collected on days 1 to 10 postinoculation were positive for challenge virus recovery. Virus titers up to 10(8.7) mean embryo infective dose per gram of kidney tissue were demonstrated in clinically normal chickens. Distinct biological variations and nephrotropism appear to exist among the corporate properties of virus populations making up each of the 13 waterfowl-origin type A influenza isolates. 相似文献
8.
鸭瘟病毒弱毒株在免疫雏鸭体内的分布和排毒规律 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：9
鸭瘟病毒(DPV)弱毒Cha株经皮下、口服和滴鼻3种途径免疫1日龄雏鸭，应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测了病毒在体内分布和排毒规律。Cha株免疫雏鸭后，对血液、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、十二指肠、直肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、肌肉、骨髓、粪便和食道共19种组织PCR检测结果如下：(1)皮下接种雏鸭后4h，即可在心、肝、脾、肾、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑和小脑共10种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，所有采取的组织器官均可检测到DPV的DNA。(2)口服接种雏鸭后4h，可在舌和食道中检测到DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共12种组织器官中检出DPV的DNA。(3)滴鼻接种雏鸭后4h，未能在各种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共11种组织中检测到DPV的DNA。(4)在3种免疫途径中，检出时间最早和检出率最高的组织器官为肝脏、脑(大脑、小脑和延脑)；3种途径免疫的鸭，从免疫后12h至21d均能从所有采集的组织中检测出DPV DNA。 相似文献
9.
In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were utilized to identify tissues infected in ovo with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Chicken embryos were inoculated in ovo (chorioallantoic sac) with the Arkansas (Ark) serotype of IBV at 18 days of age. At 24, 48, 72, and 120 hr postinfection (HPI), bursa, lung, spleen, heart, and thymus were collected, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, and paraffin embedded. The digoxigenin-labeled antisense S1 riboprobe detected viral mRNA in the cytoplasm of respiratory epithelial cells in the primary bronchus at 24, 48, and 72 HPI. Viral mRNA was detected in bursa samples collected at 48 hr. Immunohistochemistry detected viral antigens in epithelial cells of the parabronchi and bursal tissues at 24 and 48 hr, respectively. No viral mRNA or antigen was detected by in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry, respectively, in heart, thymus, or spleen at any time after inoculation. On the basis of these data, IBV apparently initially infects lung tissue, then migrates to and infects cells of the bursa. These results indicate that in situ hybridization can be useful in detection of IBV-infected chickens and in understanding the pathogenesis and virulence of IBV infection. 相似文献
10.
鸭瘟病毒强毒株在感染鸭实质器官内的增殖与分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鸭瘟病毒(DPV)CHv强毒株经皮下注射、滴鼻和口服3种途径分别感染20日龄天府肉鸭,于攻毒后10、30、60、90min以及4、12、48、72h和9、15d每组分别剖杀2只鸭,采集心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、胸腺、法氏囊、哈德氏腺等实质器官,应用TaqMan-MGB探针实时荧光定量PCR对DPV在这些器官的分布和增殖进行检测。结果表明,DPV分布到具体器官的速度与感染的途径、鸭的解剖结构密切相关,其中皮下注射是DPV分布到各实质器官速度最快的途径。30min于皮下感染鸭的肝、脾、胸腺、法氏囊、哈德氏腺、肺、脑、肾,口服感染鸭的肺和法氏囊,滴鼻感染鸭的心脏和哈德氏腺均检测到DPV-DNA;90min所有受检样品中检测到DPV-DNA。鸭抗DPV感染的免疫器官的重要性依次是脾、胸腺、法氏囊和哈德氏腺,30min内DPV-DNA分布到脾、胸腺、法氏囊的速度和数量决定了DPV感染的潜伏期和疾病的严重程度。不同途经感染鸭的相同器官在同一时间内的DPV-DNA拷贝数大多以皮下感染鸭为最高。DPV致死鸭的法氏囊和肾是DPV-DNA含量最高的实质器官。 相似文献
11.
鸡传染性法氏囊病的病理学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
人工接种２８日龄非免疫鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）后,对感染鸡的法氏囊、胸腺、脾、盲肠扁桃体、哈德氏腺、肝、肾进行病理组织学检查。感染后４８ｈ,法氏囊淋巴组织最早出现坏死且长久存在。其他淋巴器官的病变出现较迟,程度轻微且恢复较快。ＩＢＤＶ单抗免疫荧光检测,法氏囊及其他淋巴器官中均检测到病毒,接种后１２ｈ法氏囊中即检出病毒,持续时间也最长（攻毒后１２ｄ）,其次是盲肠扁桃体（攻毒后８ｄ）。攻毒１３ｄ以后,上述器官均未检测到病毒。法氏囊粘膜上皮的扫描电镜观察,攻毒后２ｄ,上皮细胞肿胀,微绒毛减少或消失。攻毒后３ｄ,局部上皮细胞坏死、脱落,并向整个粘膜层扩展,攻毒后１０ｄ,上皮层基本修复。 相似文献
12.
鸡传染性法氏囊病超强毒感染后SPF鸡免疫器官病理学观察 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
IBDV超强毒株LX株接种2周龄SPF雏鸡后，其致病性不同于经典强毒株CJ801株，它主要引起接种鸡全身性炎症反应，法氏囊、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体等免疫器官中大量异嗜性白细胞、巨噬细胞浸润，淋巴细胞严重坏死崩解，胸腺皮质严重萎缩、坏死，骨髓中造血细胞减少、巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞增生。在接种后14d法氏囊淋巴滤泡严重萎缩、淋巴细胞排空形成囊腺样结构，未见恢复正常，其它免疫器官形态基本恢复正常。电镜观察，接种后2和4d可见胸腺淋巴细胞胞浆浓集、染色质周边化形成新月形，表现细胞凋亡特征；在法氏囊坏死淋巴细胞胞浆中可见60nm大小呈晶格排列或散在的病毒粒子。研究初步探明了鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒超强毒的致病机理。 相似文献
13.
14.
本试验选用在山东省普遍使用的两种中等毒力IBD疫苗，分别在12和19日龄两次免疫SPF鸡，二免后13开人工接种vvIBDV，连续观察14天。结果表明，这两种疫苗均能有效地保护vvIBDV对SPF鸡的感染，而且也进一步证明，这两种疫苗免疫SPF鸡后，均能对SPF鸡法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏等免疫器官产生不同程度的病理性损伤并且这种损伤是可逆性的。 相似文献
15.
雏鸡不同组织TLR3、TLR7和TLR21 mRNA转录水平研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
参考GenBank登录的ChTLRs基因序列设计实时定量PCR特异性引物,建立检测鸡T011样受体（ChTLR）mRNA相对转录水平的实时定量PCR方法,分析ChTLR3、ChTLR7和ChTLR21在雏鸡不同器官组织中的转录水平。3种ChTLRs在脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺和各段肠道组织中均有转录。其中,ChTLR3 mRNA在肾脏、胸腺、盲肠、空肠、肝脏和十二指肠转录水平较高,在皮肤中未检测到转录;chTLR7 mRNA在脾脏、肾脏、盲肠、胸腺和十二指肠转录水平较高,在肝脏和皮肤中转录水平很低;ChTLR21 mRNA在所检测组织中均有转录,其中在脾脏转录水平最高,其次为法氏囊、胸腺和十二指肠。结果表明,ChTLRs mRNA在雏鸡各器官组织中转录水平差异较大,可能与雏鸡各器官组织对病原的识别和抵抗能力有关。 相似文献
16.
B E Powers R W Norrdin S P Snyder R E Smith 《American journal of veterinary research》1988,49(9):1589-1597
Ten-day-old chicken embryos were inoculated with isolates of myeloblastosis-associated virus that induced osteopetrosis of slow or rapid onset. Bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen, bone marrow, kidney, liver, and lung were examined at 15, 17, and 19 days in ovo and at 7 and 25 days after hatching by histologic and immunoperoxidase techniques. Tissues from 19-day-old in ovo embryos also were examined by electron microscopy. The lymphoid organs of embryos inoculated with all isolates manifested changes suggesting inhibited development. Virus was most often associated with macrophages, heterophils, and nonlymphoid stromal cells in these organs. Viral particles and antigen were abundant in tissues from embryos inoculated with slow-onset isolates, but cell necrosis was infrequent. The kidney and bursa had especially abundant viral particles and antigen. Conversely, viral particles and antigen were minimal in tissues from embryos inoculated with the rapid-onset isolate, yet intravascular cellular thrombi, substantial cell necrosis, and increased heterophils and hemocytoblasts were found. 相似文献
17.
Cheng Z Shi Y Zhang L Zhu G Diao X Cui Z 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1295-1298
Two commercial flocks of Chinese partridge experienced increased mortality associated with a wasting disease at 120-day old in June 2006. Postmortem examination of dead chickens consistently showed visceral tissues mainly proventriculus, liver and spleen were diffuse enlargement. Microscopic examination revealed masses of immature lymphocytes with frequent mitotic figures were seen in various tissues including proventriculus, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, lung, thymus and intestine. Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) was isolated from each of four blood samples. Viral antigens were observed in cultured CEF (SPF embryos came from the Ji-nan poultry institute) inoculated blood samples via on indirect immunofluorescent assay. Three hundred bp fragments of LTR of REV obtained from liver samples of six chickens by PCR. This disease has not previously been reported in Chinese partridge. Chinese partridge may represent a potential reservoir of infection for other Chinese local chickens. 相似文献
18.
绒山羊肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶的免疫组化及图像分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]探讨绒山羊肥大细胞中是否存在类胰蛋白酶及不同固定液对其常规染色和免疫组化染色结果的影响。[方法]采用兔抗羊肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶多克隆抗体间接免疫过氧化物酶技术检测由Carnoy液和中性福尔马林液(NBF)固定的绒山羊空肠、瓣胃和肺等组织肥大细胞中是否存在类胰蛋白酶。同时采用Image-ProPlus图像分析软件和人工计数法对结果进行分析,比较经常规染色和免疫组化染色后不同固定液固定组织中肥大细胞的形态及数量,进而判断Carnoy液和中性福尔马林液(NBF)对该检测技术的影响。[结果]兔抗羊多克隆抗体与绒山羊肥大细胞中的类胰蛋白酶具有良好的交叉反应,证实绒山羊肥大细胞胞浆颗粒中存在类胰蛋白酶。同时,与Carnoy液相比较,NBF液固定组织能较好地反映肥大细胞在组织中的数量和形态变化。[结论]绒山羊肥大细胞中存在类胰蛋白酶,且与Carnoy液相比较,NBF液是一种更为适合绒山羊肥大细胞常规染色和免疫组化染色的固定剂。 相似文献
19.
7日龄 SPF鸡经滴鼻、点眼感染 PMV- 2 ,可引起轻微的呼吸道症状 ,病理组织学观察可见气管黏液分泌亢进和轻微的淋巴细胞浸润 ;感染 PMV- 2后的 1天 ,2天 ,3天… 11天 ,定位采取气管、肺、肝、脾、肾、心、大脑、法氏囊、盲肠扁桃体等组织 ,检查病毒的分布规律 ,结果表明 ,PMV- 2在法氏囊、气管、肺、胸腺、脾、肾、大脑中均有分布 ;SPF雏鸡感染 PMV - 2后 ,接种鸡新城疫克隆 30疫苗 ,免疫后 5 - 30天 ,每 5天 1次检测血清中 ND的 HI抗体效价 ,结果表明 ,PMV- 2感染组比对照组的 HI抗体效价平均低 2 log2 ,统计结果显示差异极显著。雏鸡感染 PMV - 2后对新城疫疫苗的免疫应答有影响 ,从而可能抑制机体的免疫功能 ,危害养鸡生产。 相似文献
20.
Pathogenicity of a low-virulence duck virus enteritis isolate with apparent immunosuppressive ability 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) was isolated from commercial 2-to-6-wk-old white Pekin ducks experiencing 25%-30% mortality and high morbidity. Secondary infections with Pasteurella multocida, Riemerella anatipestifer, and Escherichia coli were frequently seen in affected ducks. The isolated virus was identical to the prototype DEV by virus neutralization test but differed from the classic DEV by causing lymphoid organ atrophy and inconsistent hemorrhagic lesions in the intestinal annular bands. Attempts to reproduce the disease in white Pekin ducks were unsuccessful until the virulence of the virus was increased by three passages in Muscovy ducklings. Significant thymic atrophy (P < or = 0.001) was detected during the first 10 days postinfection (DPI), but thymus size returned to normal by 17-24 DPI. However, bursal atrophy increased significantly (P < or = 0.001) from 4 DPI until the end of the experiment (39 DPI). Reduction in body weight was significant (P < or = 0.05) between 4 and 6 DPI. There was massive depletion of thymic and bursal lymphocytes with lymphoid necrosis in the thymus, bursa, spleen, and Harderian gland. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were observed in thymus, bursa, spleen, esophagus, cloaca, liver, conjunctiva, and Harderian gland. Occasional intracytoplasmic inclusions were also found scattered in the epithelial cells of conjunctiva, esophagus, bursa of Fabricius, and cloaca. Virus was recovered from experimentally infected ducks from thymus, bursa, spleen, liver, kidneys, trigeminal ganglion, and cloaca during the first 10 days of infection. These findings suggest that a low-virulent DEV can cause a massive lymphoid atrophy and can sustain immunosuppression as noted by the secondary bacterial infection. 相似文献