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本研究采用组织切片和透射电镜技术,对莱氏拟乌贼(Sepioteuthis lessoniana)纳精囊进行超显微结构分析,并通过扫描电镜和投射电镜技术观察纳精囊中精子的形态构造。结果显示,莱氏拟乌贼口膜具有1个椭圆形的纳精囊,呈乳白色,交配后雌体的口膜内侧散布大量精子囊。纳精囊由囊壁组织、中心管腔和储精小囊组成,储精小囊数量较多,少数呈圆形或椭圆形,2个或多个储精小囊形成中心管腔,二者的囊腔中均分布大量精子。储精小囊和中心管腔由上皮细胞组成,细胞间排列紧密,其细胞核较大,细胞质中含有多种细胞器,包括线粒体、内质网、高尔基复合体和囊泡等;中心管腔中精子大多排列紧密有序,精子头部朝向纤毛,鞭毛位于囊腔中间。莱氏拟乌贼的精子头部细长,由圆屋顶形的顶体和细长圆柱形的精核组成,线粒体距位于精核后端,尾部为细长鞭毛。研究表明,莱氏拟乌贼纳精囊具有储存精子的功能。其中,储精小囊的上皮细胞具备一定分泌功能,其分泌物质能吸引精子进入纳精囊。 相似文献
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嫁虫戚精巢的组织学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文研究了嫁虫戚雄性生殖系统的组织学。嫁虫戚的精巢结构同贻贝、栉孔扇贝的相似,也是由外膜及其内的无数生殖小管构成。外膜较薄,由平滑肌和少量结缔组织组成,只在局部区域含有单层柱状上皮细胞。生殖小管间充填着结缔组织及来自外膜的薄层肌肉,结缔组织中含有血管。生殖小管由位于基膜上的生殖上皮及由生殖上皮增殖出的精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子组成。精原细胞较大,圆形或椭圆形,核较大,与细胞同形,染色质呈颗粒状靠近核膜分布,核仁1个,圆形,明显。初级精母细胞和次级精母细胞结构相似。精细胞圆形,核染色深。精子呈长棒状,悬浮于生殖小管腔内。 相似文献
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采用组织学和电镜技术对金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)成体副缠卵腺的结构进行了研究。结果显示,(1)解剖结构显示,副缠卵腺呈耳状,下端呈‘M’型与缠卵腺紧密连接,颜色为白色并夹杂着橙黄色;(2)显微结构显示,副缠卵腺由腺壁、腺体小管和结缔组织构成,腺壁由外向内依次为外膜层和肌肉层,其中,外膜层由单层柱状上皮细胞组成;腺体小管数量较多,平均直径为70μm,内腔表面可见微绒毛层,管腔内含有大量的分泌物质;结缔组织具有集中分布的血管和肌肉纤维;(3)超微结构显示,上皮细胞细胞质中含有数量较多且分布集中的囊泡,部分囊泡中含有分泌球状体;微绒毛分布面积较广且排列密集,而纤毛一部分集中分布,另一部分呈单行排列,着生不连续;腺体小管管腔内具有大量的共生菌,绝大部分为球菌,且在管腔中具有较多的分泌球状体。研究表明,金乌贼副缠卵腺是一种起分泌作用的腺体,存在的共生菌据认为在胚胎发育阶段的病害防治方面具有一定作用。 相似文献
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嫁(虫戚)精巢的组织学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文研究了嫁Qi雄性生殖系统的组织学。嫁Qi的精巢结构同贻贝、栉孔扇贝的相似，也是由外膜及其内的无数生殖小管构成。外膜较薄，由平滑肌和少量结缔组织组成，只在局部区域含有单层柱状上皮细胞。生殖小管间充填着结缔组织及来自外膜的薄层肌肉，结缔组织中含有血管。生殖小管由位于基膜上的生殖上皮及由生殖上皮增殖出的精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子组成。精原细胞较大，圆形或椭圆形，核较大，与细胞同形，染色质呈颗粒状靠近核膜分布，核仁1个，圆形，明显。初级精母细胞和次级精母细胞结构相似。精细胞圆形，核染色深。精子呈长棒状，悬浮于生殖小管腔内。 相似文献
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中华绒螯蟹 (河蟹 )的体壁是支撑体躯 ,保护内脏的器官 ,在神经内分泌的调控下经肌肉牵引产生运动 ,保证了捕食和逃避敌害行为的完成。但体壁限制了河蟹的生长发育 ,影响种苗的存活及生活史序列的进行 ,因此必须借蜕壳来完成发育过程和上述行为功能。河蟹体壁的基本结构可分基膜、上皮细胞和角质膜等三层。基膜呈白色 ,由结缔组织或上皮细胞分泌物组成。上皮细胞为一层柱状上皮 ,由它向外分泌内、外、上角质膜及钙化、未钙化几丁质和黑色素粒 ,它们在河蟹的蜕壳、变态及色素形成中起着重要的作用。研究河蟹的蜕壳、变态和生长及生理机制的调… 相似文献
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为揭示金乌贼精子进入纳精囊及产卵过程中的精子利用方式,丰富金乌贼繁殖生物学研究内容,本研究利用实验生态学和组织切片技术,检测了交配后不同时间段雌性口膜表面精子囊和纳精囊中精子数量的变化,观察分析了雌性金乌贼纳精囊的组织结构。结果显示,金乌贼纳精囊位于繁殖期雌性个体口膜腹面的突起处,共1对。纳精囊开口于口膜内表面,通过一根中央管连通整个纳精囊。中央管内壁含有大量褶皱和纤毛。在中央管两端,有12~20个储精小囊与之相连。储精小囊四周具有发达的环肌,其中储存有大量精子,并且大部分精子头部均朝向腔室内壁。完成一次交配后,雌性金乌贼对精子囊和纳精囊中精子的利用可以分为三个阶段,主要利用精子囊中的精子(交配后1~2 d);由利用精子囊中的精子向纳精囊中的精子过渡(交配后2~3 d);主要利用纳精囊中的精子(交配后3 d以上)。研究表明,从精子囊释放出的精子进入雌性口膜表面的褶皱中,通过自身运动到达纳精囊。进入纳精囊的精子通过自身运动及中央管内壁纤毛的摆动进入储精小囊,其中大部分精子头部朝向储精小囊内壁有规律地分布。在产卵过程中,雌性优先利用精子囊中的精子,而在精子囊中精子不足时,纳精囊通过肌肉收缩以及纤毛摆动将其中的精子逐渐释放出来,卵子在雌性口膜附近完成体外受精。 相似文献
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栉江珧消化系统组织学与组织化学的研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
运用组织学和组织化学方法对栉江珧消化系统的结构和功能进行了研究.栉江珧消化管的粘膜上皮由纤毛柱状细胞和杯状细胞组成,唇瓣、中肠和上行肠的上皮层还有嗜酸性粒分泌细胞;消化盲囊的腺上皮由分泌细胞和消化(吸收)细胞组成.皮下结缔组织中富含血腔隙,结缔组织和血腔隙中有"颗粒细胞".食道、胃、中肠、晶杆囊及消化盲囊能分泌消化酶,对食物进行消化和吸收;结缔组织、"颗粒细胞"也参与了食物的消化吸收.唇瓣、食道、晶杆囊和中肠的上皮细胞及结缔组织中的"颗粒细胞"内含铁,结缔组织中含钙. 相似文献
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缢蛏外套膜的组织学和组织化学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
解剖壳长(53.24±2.23)mm缢蛏Sinonovacula constricta的外套膜组织,经H·E染色和特殊染色等组织学和组织化学方法研究了外套膜组织结构与细胞化学成分。组织学观察表明:外套膜由边缘膜和中央膜组成,无边缘膜突起;边缘膜由内外侧上皮、结缔组织、肌纤维及分布在其中的粘液细胞组成。组织化学研究显示:上皮细胞和分泌细胞内含物中含有丰富的糖类;外侧上皮和肌纤维蛋白质含量较高;在外侧上皮中检测到较强的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。本研究结果可为解决缢蛏贝壳易破损、运输中大量死亡等问题提供参考。 相似文献
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半滑舌鳎性腺的组织学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用组织切片,对半滑舌鳎性腺的组织学结构进行了观察研究。结果表明,半滑舌鳎的精巢为小叶型,精巢内的生殖细胞分为五种。其精原细胞存在于精小叶的内壁上,精母细胞和成熟的精子细胞位于精小囊中。精子成熟后,精小囊破裂释放精子进入小叶腔,完成发育过程。半滑舌鳎卵巢外有被膜包裹,其被膜的结缔组织可明显地分为内外两层。内层的结缔组织、血管与原始生殖细胞一同伸进卵巢内部形成许多产卵板。产卵板以卵巢腔为中心向四周呈辐射状排列,上有原始生殖细胞分化形成卵原细胞和不同时相的卵母细胞。半滑舌鳎卵巢中的卵母细胞的发育可以分为5个时相。本文描述了各时相卵母细胞的形态学特征。并阐述了半滑舌鳎的产卵类型。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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