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尖裸鲤(Oxygymnocypris stewartii)成熟卵呈圆形,黄色,沉性,卵径(2.57±0.07)mm,受精卵吸水充分膨胀后卵径为(3.22±0.07)mm。水温9.5～11.8℃,尖裸鲤胚胎发育历时265h,根据胚胎发育的外部形态及典型特征,将其分为受精卵、胚盘形成、卵裂、囊胚、原肠、神经胚、器官分化和孵化共8个阶段、32个时期。出膜仔鱼全长(10.27±0.15)mm,出膜20d后卵黄耗尽,全长(15.22±0.27)mm。出膜后80d,鱼苗全长(23.65±0.59)mm,臀鳞出现,各鳍均已出现,鱼苗侧线全部形成且清晰,体色和体型接近成鱼。尖裸鲤早期发育的特点反映了其对雅鲁藏布江水域的适应性。报道了尖裸鲤胚胎发育和仔稚鱼发育的生物学特性,为雅鲁藏布江特有鱼类资源保护利用提供科学依据和理论基础。 相似文献
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南海区养殖条石鲷的胚胎发育 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
在较高温度下对南海区养殖条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)的受精卵进行观察,详尽记录和描述了发育时序和各发育时期的形态特征.条石鲷受精卵的卵径为0.860±0.023 mm,油球径为0.191±0.009 mm.在孵化水温为25.64±0.77 ℃、盐度30～32的条件下,受精卵历时22 h 30 min孵化出膜.初孵仔鱼(孵化后10～15 min)体长为1.836±0.078 mm.根据受精卵的发育过程,将其分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、胚孔关闭期、克氏泡期、尾芽期、心跳期、孵化前期和孵化期等9个时相.其中卵裂期、囊胚期和原肠期分别历时3 h、3 h和4 h 45 min.对比不同温度下条石鲷的胚胎发育,认为原肠期、尾芽期至孵化期这2个时期的发育速率受温度的影响最大. 相似文献
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长鳍光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus longipinnis)是红水河珍稀特有鱼类,也是当地的重要经济物种。为实现长鳍光唇鱼苗种规模化生产,并为其增殖放流提供技术指导,对人工驯养的长鳍光唇鱼亲鱼进行强化培育和催产,采用干法授精获得受精卵,并观察其胚胎及仔鱼的发育过程。连续进行了4次人工催产,催产率为(68.95±13.26)%、受精率为(68.50±19.82)%、孵化率为(80.00±10.23)%。长鳍光唇鱼受精卵为沉性卵,具弱黏性,呈金黄色,卵径为(2.42±0.06) mm,吸水膨胀后为(3.03±0.08) mm。胚胎发育过程历经胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和孵化期7个阶段、28个发育时期。水温22～24℃时,经66～74 h孵化出膜,积温为1 501.13℃·h。初孵仔鱼平均全长为(8.33±0.23) mm,肌节34对,4日龄仔鱼形成5条横斑雏形。卵黄囊期历时8 d,全长特定生长率为4.13%·d-1;仔鱼期共历时21 d,全长特定生长率为2.70%·d-1。研究结果对保护红水河鱼类资源及其多样性具有重要意义。 相似文献
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利用显微电子成像技术对长鳍吻(Rhinogobio ventralis)胚胎发育和仔鱼形态进行了观察与研究,详细描述了各发育期的形态特征和发育时间。结果显示,长鳍吻卵子的卵径为1.7–1.9 mm、卵膜径为6.6–7.0 mm、卵粒质量为0.0059–0.0077 g,精子的寿命为96.56–119.12 s、激烈运动时间为25.43–31.43 s。长鳍吻的胚胎发育可分为受精卵、胚盘期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和出膜期8个阶段,在水温为17.6–18.3℃流水孵化条件下,其受精卵历时56 h孵化出膜,在水温为18.5–22.0℃的条件下,长鳍吻仔鱼的卵黄囊在5日龄时基本消失,6日龄时完全消失,进入后期仔鱼阶段,30日龄的长鳍吻仔鱼鳍条基本形成,鳞片开始形成,结束仔鱼期,进入稚鱼期。 相似文献
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《渔业科学进展》2015,(4)
利用显微电子成像技术对长鳍吻鮈(Rhinogobio ventralis)胚胎发育和仔鱼形态进行了观察与研究,详细描述了各发育期的形态特征和发育时间。结果显示,长鳍吻鮈卵子的卵径为1.7–1.9 mm、卵膜径为6.6–7.0 mm、卵粒质量为0.0059–0.0077 g,精子的寿命为96.56–119.12 s、激烈运动时间为25.43–31.43 s。长鳍吻鮈的胚胎发育可分为受精卵、胚盘期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和出膜期8个阶段,在水温为17.6–18.3℃流水孵化条件下,其受精卵历时56 h孵化出膜,在水温为18.5–22.0℃的条件下,长鳍吻鮈仔鱼的卵黄囊在5日龄时基本消失,6日龄时完全消失,进入后期仔鱼阶段,30日龄的长鳍吻鮈仔鱼鳍条基本形成,鳞片开始形成,结束仔鱼期,进入稚鱼期。 相似文献
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2001～2002年,采用连续观察法对倒刺(SpinibarbusdenticulatusdenticulatusOshima)人工授精的受精卵的发育进行观察,倒刺胚胎发育分为22个时期,成熟卵直径2.87～3.12mm,金黄色,沉性,具弱粘性。卵膜遇水后30～50s膨胀达最大,外膜径达3.35～3.55mm。在水温(25±0.5)℃条件下,受精卵历时43h45min孵化,积温1093.75℃·h。初孵仔鱼全长(8.93±0.35)mm,肌节数为12 16 14;具心跳、血液循环,无色素,活动能力弱,沉于水底。与本亚科其他鱼类的发育比较,倒刺具有下列3个特点:第二极体明显;发育过程中没有尾泡期;眼基期有较多的肌节。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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