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18个高羊茅品种的耐热性比较研究 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
采用盆栽法,观测了冷季型草坪草高羊茅18个品种(系)在38℃/28℃(昼/夜)高温胁迫下的形态指标主要观测其植株的成活率和生长状况,测定了叶片相对电导率、叶绿素总含量、丙二醛累积量、游离脯氨酸含量以及SOD活性5项生理指标,并综合评价了18个高羊茅品种(系)的耐热性能。结果表明:随着热胁迫时间的延长,叶片的相对电导率,丙二醛含量和游离脯氨酸含量均呈递增趋势;叶绿素总含量呈递减趋势;超氧化物歧化酶活性呈先递增后递减的趋势;各指标之间存在一定的相关性。综合分析结果表明:可将高羊茅的18个不同品种(系)大致聚为3个耐热级别:1级(相对耐热):高羊茅新品系98-1;2级(中等耐热):高羊茅98-5、新星、猎狗、野马、贝克、野狼和交战;3级(相对敏感):高羊茅Relf、原始群体、家园、春风、王朝、爱瑞、德米尼、91-82、98-2以及凌志。 相似文献
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坪用型高羊茅新品系"9 8-8"和"上农矮生高羊茅"的选育、鉴定和推广 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
高羊茅（Fectuca arundinacea)在上海等温暖湿润,四季分明的气候过渡区绿色期相对较长,但不能顺利越夏,为了提高其越夏能力,采用选择优良单株自交,或选用优良无性系使之在隔离条件下自由授粉的植物改良方法,培育出草坪型高羊茅新品系“98-8”和“上农矮生高羊茅”。品种（系）比较试验和推广结果表明：新品系在上海地区夏季表现优于对照（美国品种Montauk）,尤以“上农矮生高羊茅”在10个参试材料中抵抗夏季逆境胁迫和胁迫解除后的再生能力为最强,且株型矮化,色泽深绿,深受用户的欢迎。 相似文献
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高羊茅新品系"98-1"的选育与利用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用征集的野生高羊茅(Festucaarundinacea)材料,采用改良混合选择法,培育出坪用型高羊茅"98-1"新品系(种)。经品种比较试验和生产试验示范应用结果表明:高羊茅"98-1"的坪用性状综合表现评分最高,抗性极为突出,但个别坪用性状稍次于引进的国外优良高羊茅对照品种。已在生产上较大面积的推广利用,深受广大客户的欢迎。 相似文献
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干旱及复水处理下坪用黑麦草和高羊茅抗旱特性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验以冷季型草坪草高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)品种凌志（Barlexas）和黑麦草（Lolium perenne）品种首相（Premier）为供试材料,研究其在干旱胁迫和复水过程中的生长、形态指标的变化。结果表明,两种草坪草在干旱胁迫期间叶片相对含水量、叶片水势、蒸散量、土壤相对含水量、草坪质量、生长速率呈明显下降趋势,质膜透性(以相对电导率表示)、萎蔫率呈上升趋势;复水后两草种叶片相对含水量、萎蔫率、叶片水势、生长速率和凌志草坪质量恢复到对照水平,两草种质膜透性、蒸散量和首相草坪质量未恢复到对照水平。胁迫期间凌志各指标可保持较好水平,变化幅度也相对较低,复水期间凌志各指标恢复速度快,复水结束时较多指标恢复到胁迫前水平,说明高羊茅品种凌志的抗旱性及恢复能力优于黑麦草品种首相。 相似文献
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湖北江汉平原冷地型草坪草的坪用特性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对湖北江汉平原引种的24个冷地型草坪草品种,包括高羊茅Festuca arundinacea8个品种,草地早熟禾Poa pratensis12个品种,多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne4个品种的密度、均匀度、生长速度等坪用性状进行系统测定,同时运用灰色关联理论中的关联度分析方法对各品种进行了综合评判,筛选出综合坪用性状表现优良的草坪草品种有:高羊茅品种“凌志”和“猎狗5号”,草地早熟禾品种“超级伊克利”、“自由2号”、“百老汇”和“解放者”。 相似文献
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为探究贵州不同生态条件对黔草5号高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)生产性能的影响,本研究分析了贵州5个生态条件下黔草5号与约翰斯顿高羊茅(CK)连续两年的产量及其品种抗逆性和营养品质的差异。结果表明,1)5个试点间,随着海拔的升高,两个高羊茅供试品种产量呈下降趋势,海拔最高的威宁试点极显著(P0.01)或显著(P0.05)低于其它试点,独山、贵阳两个中低海拔试点产量表现较佳。2)两个高羊茅品种间,黔草5号产量在各试点均极显著(P0.01)高于约翰斯顿,表现出较佳的生产性能。3)黔草5号的综合抗性优于约翰斯顿,且在营养品质上,粗脂肪(EE)含量极显著(P0.01)高于约翰斯顿(CK)。因此,黔草5号因具有较高的生产性能、品种抗逆性及营养价值,理论上值得大力推广生产。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献