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本研究利用微卫星标记技术从分子水平对云南5个地方绵羊品种（腾冲绵羊（TC）、昭通绵羊（ZS）、迪庆绵羊（DQ）、宁蒗黑绵羊（NL）、乌骨绵羊（WG））进行了分析,通过计算平均杂合度、多态信息含量等对它们之间的亲缘关系及群体间、群体内的遗传变异进行了探讨。结果发现,各品种内杂合度较低,在0.2894~0.3349之间,说明各群体内遗传变异较小;PIC值均大于0.5,呈现高度多态,说明5个绵羊品种具有较丰富的遗传多样性。5个绵羊品种之间的基因流分析结果发现,除与乌骨绵羊之间的基因交流较小外,其他4个绵羊品种之间的基因交流都较大。应用UPGMA法进行系统发生关系分析,乌骨绵羊同其余品种亲缘关系较远,最近的是迪庆绵羊和宁蒗黑绵羊。 相似文献
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甘肃地方绵羊品种微卫星遗传多样性与系统发育分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对甘肃省6个地方绵羊品种(240只个体)15个微卫星座位的等位基因的研究,结果共发现了179个等位基因。其中在藏羊中发现的等位基因数最多(136个),兰州大尾羊最少(94个)。多态信息含量、期望杂合度和观察杂合度的数据表明:在研究的6个绵羊品种中藏羊和甘肃高山细毛羊的遗传多样性较丰富,而兰州大尾羊和岷县黑裘皮羊的遗传多样性较低。DA遗传距离和D s遗传距离构建的NJ系统发育树均表明:兰州大尾羊、蒙古羊和滩羊具有较近的亲缘关系,预示这3个品种可能具有相同的原始祖先。而甘肃高山细毛羊与其他5个甘肃地方品种的遗传距离较远,另为一类。 相似文献
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微卫星分子标记分析四川绵羊群体遗传多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探究四川省6个绵羊群体的遗传多样性,实验应用12个微卫星标记计算基因频率、有效等位基因数、杂合度及多态信息含量来评估群体内遗传多样度,通过遗传距离聚类图、群体结构推测图、主成分分析及群体间分子方差分析来评估群体间遗传关系。结果表明:6个绵羊群体在12个微卫星位点的平均有效等位基因数为3.006~3.176,平均多态信息含量变化为0.559~0.612,平均期望遗传杂合度为0.610~0.670;6个绵羊群体间的遗传关系与地理分布情况及育成史实不完全一致,但遗传距离聚类图、群体结构推测图和主成分分析结果均显示,6个绵羊群体中布拖黑绵羊类群与贾洛绵羊类群遗传关系更近;6个绵羊群体间方差组分F统计量结果为0.112 39,处于中度分化水平。 相似文献
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利用微卫星标记分析江苏三个地方鸡品种的遗传多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用30个微卫星DNA标记对3个江苏地方鸡品种进行遗传多样性分析，通过计算等位基因频率、多态信息含量、平均杂合度、有效等位基因数和遗传距离，评估各品种内遗传变异和各品种间遗传相关。结果表明：江苏的3个品种在30个微卫星上共发现196个等位基因，其中96个等位基因为三个品种共有，47个等位基因为各品种所特有；3个地方鸡品种的平均杂合度：狼山鸡为0．655，鹿苑鸡为0．681，溧阳鸡为0．687；狼山鸡与溧阳鸡的遗传距离较小，而两鸡与鹿苑鸡的遗传距离较远。 相似文献
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为研究中国地方绵羊品种之间的遗传多样性,利用6个微卫星位点,对中国6个绵羊品种群体进行遗传检测,计算了各品种群体的平均杂合度(He)和平均多态信息含量(PIC),同时分析了各品种群体内的遗传变异,进行了UPGMA聚类。结果表明,6个绵羊品种Ho为0.5446~0.7140,PIC为0.5211~0.7732;6个绵羊品种都具有较丰富的遗传多样性,其中岷县黑裘皮羊的遗传变异最高,小尾寒羊的遗传变异最低;小尾寒羊的近交系数最高,揭示该群体内近交程度可能较高。利用UPGMA方法构建了系统发生树,兰州大尾寒羊与岷县黑裘皮羊为一类,哈萨克羊与贵德黑裘皮羊为一类,泗水绵羊与小尾寒羊为一类,表明群体遗传结构与地理分布及其驯化历史相关。 相似文献
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利用微卫星标记技术,分析了无角陶赛特羊、滩羊、小尾寒羊及其杂交后代滩寒F1、陶滩寒F1 5个绵羊群体的遗传多样性,结果表明,7个微卫星位点均为高度多态位点,平均多态信息含量（PIC）达0.7077～0.8395;5个群体平均位点杂合度达0.7454～0.8665。以Nei氏遗传距离的UPGMA和NJ聚类结果表明,滩羊与滩寒F1具有较近的亲缘关系,小尾寒羊与陶滩寒F1具有较近的亲缘关系,可聚为一类;滩羊、小尾寒羊与陶赛特羊具有较远的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究地方绵羊品种的遗传变异,为种质资源评价、保护和利用提供理论数据。利用5个微卫星标记分析4个地方绵羊品种的遗传多样性,根据等位基因组成及频率进行群体遗传统计分析;基于品种间标准遗传距离(Ds)和Nei氏遗传距离,分别构建UPGMA系统发生树。4个地方绵羊品种共检测到70个等位基因,各位点等位基因数(Na)在10~18之间;4个地方绵羊品种平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.81~5.68个,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.6152~0.7373,平均遗传杂合度(H)为0.6711~0.7820;4个地方绵羊品种间遗传分化系数为0.0847,标准遗传距离(Ds)和Nei氏遗传距离晋中绵羊与乌珠穆沁羊为最大(0.5775、0.6126),小尾寒羊与乌珠穆沁羊为最小(0.1542、0.1955),首先小尾寒羊与乌珠穆沁羊聚为一类,晋中绵羊与广灵大尾羊聚为另一类,然后两类聚在一起形成一大类。结果表明,4个地方绵羊品种遗传变异大、多样性丰富;品种间遗传分化小,但小尾寒羊和乌珠穆沁羊与晋中绵羊和广灵大尾羊间已有明显分化。选择的5个微卫星座位均为高度多态位点,可作为有效遗传标记用于绵羊品种遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析。各地方绵羊品种分子聚类关系与其形成史、分化及地理分布基本一致。 相似文献
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选用来源于牛和绵羊的27个微卫星DNA标记,对山东省4个地方山羊品种进行遗传多样性分析,通过计算等位基因频率、多态信息含量、不同标记的平均杂和度、总群体杂合度、亚群体杂合度、群体杂合度、基因分化系数、不同群体的F-统计量、基因流动数、不同群体间的基因流动个数和遗传距离并进行聚类分析,评估其种内变异和种间变异的关系,以群体平均杂合度、F-统计量和遗传分化系数为基础,结合四个山羊种群的实际生存状况,提出避免近交和种群间杂交符合山东山羊种群实际状况的保种模式。研究结果可为山东地方种质特性研究提供基础数据,为山东地方山羊种群的合理保护利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
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This article described the relationship among six Chinese indigenous sheep breeds.There were six microsatellite loci which used to analyze the genetic diversity.Based on the allele frequency of six sheep variations, we calculated the mean heterozygosity (Ho), which were from 0.5446 to 0.7140;The polymorphism information content (PIC) in six sheep breeds were from 0.5211 to 0.7732.Genetic variations within breed were analyzed in the study, and we clustered the UPGMA tree according to the DA genetic distance.The results showed that six breeds had relatively abundant genetic diversity, and MXB had the highest genetic variation, while SW had the lowest genetic variation.The inbreeding coefficient of SW was higher than other breeds, which revealed a higher inbreeding degree in this breed.Phylogenetic tree was constructed using UPGMA, which showed that LZD and MXB were classified as a class, HZK and GF were classified as a class, SIH and SW were classified as a class.The results revealed the genetic structure of breeds correlated with geographical distribution and history of domestication. 相似文献
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Analysis of genetic diversity and the determination of relationships among western Mediterranean horse breeds using microsatellite markers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
D. Marletta I. Tupac-Yupanqui S. Bordonaro D. García A. M. Guastella A. Criscione J. Cañón & S. Dunner 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2006,123(5):315-325
The distribution of genetic diversity and the genetic relationships among western Mediterranean horse breeds were investigated using microsatellite markers. The examined sample included seven Spanish and three Italian local horse breeds and populations, plus a Spanish Thoroughbred outgroup. The total number of animals examined was 682 (on average 62 animals per breed; range 20–122). The microsatellite marker set analysed provided 128 alleles (10.7 alleles per locus). Within‐breed genetic diversity was always high (>0.70), with breeds contributing about 8% of the total genetic variability. The mean molecular coancestry of the entire population examined was 0.205, Losino being the breed that contributed most. In addition to Nei's standard and Reynolds’ genetic distances, pair‐wise kinship distance and molecular coancestry were estimated. Remarkably similar breed rankings were obtained with all methods. Clustering analysis provided an accurate representation of the current genetic relationships among the breeds. Determining coancestry is useful for analysing genetic diversity distribution between and within breeds and provides a good framework for jointly analysing molecular markers and pedigree information. An integrated analysis was undertaken to obtain information on the population dynamics in western Mediterranean native horse populations, and to better determine conservation priorities. 相似文献
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I. lvarez J.P. Gutirrez L.J. Royo I. Fernndez F. Goyache 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2009,91(2-4):172-178
The effect of selection for scrapie resistance on genetic variability in three endangered Spanish sheep breeds (Colmenareña, Mallorquina and Rubia de El Molar) was studied using two different criteria for quantifying contributions to genetic variability: (a) molecular coancestry or genetic identity; and (b) average number of alleles per locus or allelic richness. A total of 236 (81 Colmenareña, 76 Mallorquina and 79 Rubia de El Molar) individuals were genotyped for the PrP gene and for 22 microsatellite markers. The analyses assumed a selective policy aimed at the elimination of the VRQ allele and the reduction of the frequency of the ARQ/ARQ genotype. These goals are approached by rejecting for breeding those individuals with the highest susceptibility for scrapie (risk groups R4 and R5) in a genetic scenario with no previous selection programmes considering the PrP gene polymorphism carried out. When all the individuals classified into risk groups R4 and R5 were removed from the dataset, the total molecular coancestry slightly increased in the Colmenareña breed illustrating that the carriers of undesirable PrP genotypes are not essential to maintain its overall gene diversity. When the allelic richness was considered, the removal of the R4 and R5 individuals gave high losses in the Rubia de El Molar breed. The analyses carried out considering the sex of the individuals informed that most increases in genetic identity in the Colmenareña breed resulted from the removal of the R4 and R5 males while in the Mallorquina breed resulted from the removal of the undesirable females. Losses of diversity in the Rubia de El Molar breed were basically independent of the sex of the individuals due to the balanced contributions to diversity of both sexes. As a general recommendation, not all the individuals of undesirable risk groups should be rejected for reproduction at the same time to avoid irretrievable loses of genetic diversity but according to the sex of the individuals. 相似文献
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采用3个微卫星标记，对4个中国地方绵羊品种进行遗传多样性检测。利用POPGENE软件分析了受试羊等位基因频率、等位基因数、有效等位基因数、遗传杂合度。 相似文献
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Arora RJ Bhatia S Mishra BP Jain A Prakash B 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(2):401-408
Information is presented on the genetic diversity and relationship among six Indian sheep breeds/populations belonging to
the Southern peninsular and Eastern agroecological zones, based on microsatellite markers. Parameters of genetic variation,
viz., allele diversity, observed heterozygosity, gene diversity and population inbreeding estimates, were calculated for the
six breeds. The allele diversity ranged from 6.40 to 7.92, whereas the gene diversity varied from 0.617 to 0.727. The highest
allele and gene diversity was observed for Nellore sheep, while the lowest was exhibited by Garole breed. Within population
inbreeding estimate (F
IS) revealed a significant deficit of heterozygotes in Deccani, Madgyal, Nellore and Garole, whereas Ganjam and Chhotanagpuri
sheep showed an excess of heterozygotes. The contribution of each breed to the total diversity of the breeds was quantified
by the Weitzman approach. The marginal loss of diversity incurred with removal of Nellore and Garole breeds was higher (>27%),
whereas removal of Deccani breed resulted in lowest loss of diversity (3.84%) from the set. Estimation of the genetic differentiation
(F
ST) and genetic distance (D
A) between the pairs of breeds revealed a close relationship between Deccani and Madgyal sheep (F
ST = 0.017; D
A = 0.080) and greatest demarcation between Madgyal and Garole breeds (F
ST = 0.110; D
A = 0.622). The information generated would help in shaping genetic management and conservation programs for the sheep breeds
under consideration. 相似文献
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J. Aranguren‐Mendez J. Jordana M. Gomez 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2002,119(4):256-263
The genetic diversity of most livestock species is being reduced, and it is not possible to preserve all of these livestock breeds. In order to preserve as much of the genetic diversity as possible, we must first have a robust method of measuring genetic diversity among breeds. Three different methods of study that graphically represent relationships among breeds are presented; Weitzman's method, principal component analysis (PCA) and a neighbour‐joining tree with allele sharing. Diversity was evaluated on the basis of 15 microsatellite markers typed over a total of 513 DNA samples collected from five Spanish donkey breeds. Breed differentiation was confirmed by the clustering based on the genetic distances between individuals, which essentially grouped all individuals in discrete clusters. The genetic distance among breeds was used to measure the global diversity of the set in breeds considered, and to evaluate the marginal loss of diversity attached to each breed. The Catalana breed appeared to be the most ‘unique’ in the set considered. In addition to this, the usefulness of global evaluations of diversity using molecular markers to choose breeds is worthy of conservation. 相似文献
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利用选自家禽基因组的10个微卫星标记,对四川常羽乌骨鸡5个群体(四川山地乌骨鸡白羽系、黑羽系;黄忠山地乌骨鸡;黄忠山地乌骨鸡绿壳蛋系;草科乌骨鸡)的遗传多样性进行了检测,计算了各群体的群体杂合度、群体间遗传距离,并根据遗传距离进行了聚类分析。结果表明所选择的微卫星标记在各群体中表现出较高的多态性;四川5个乌骨鸡群体遗传多样性比较丰富,群体平均杂合度为0.5383到0.6659;各群体间的遗传距离有一定的差异;聚类分析将5个群体聚为三类。 相似文献
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利用5个微卫星标记对山西省6个地方羊品种微卫星DNA多态性进行检测,结果为：6个羊品种平均杂合度在0.6711-0.8316之间,平均多态信息含量在0.6152-0.7982之间,平均等位基因数在6.4-9.2之间,平均有效等位基因数在3.81-6.05之间;总群体在5个微卫星位点的平均遗传分化系数是0.1507。根据标准遗传距离,采用UPGMA方法对6个地方羊品种绘制亲缘关系聚类图,聚类图分为两支,黎城大青羊与阳城白山羊先聚在一起,又与吕梁黑山羊聚在一起,再与洪洞奶山羊聚在一起形成一类,本地绵羊与广灵大尾羊聚在一起形成另一类,最后两类聚为一大类。 相似文献