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马鼻肺炎(Equine rhinopneumonitis,ER)是马属动物几种高度接触传染性疾病的总称。其病原体为亲缘关系密切的两种疱疹病毒-马疱疹病毒1型(EHV-1)和马疱疹病毒4型(EHV-4)。EHV-1和EHV-4在全世界广泛分布,并对所有年龄和种类的马以及其它马科动物的健康构成严重的威胁。世界动物卫生组织将马鼻肺炎列为B类动物疫病。多年以来,马鼻肺炎一直对世界养马业构成威胁。在大量饲养马匹进行传统耕作或以之作为农业经济一部分的国家中,EHV-1和EHV-4这两种病毒感染呈地方性流行。从马以外的其它马属动物,如斑马、亚洲野驴和驴,已经分离到与EHV… 相似文献
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马鼻肺炎（ER）是由马疱疹病毒引起的马属动物传染病。由2个亲缘密切疱疹病毒，即马疱疹病毒l型（EHV-1）和马疱疹病毒4型（EHV-4）引起。EHV-1又称马流产病毒，EHV-4又称呼吸道感染病毒。 1 病原马病毒性流产的病原为马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1），马呼吸道感染病毒（又称马鼻肺炎病毒）为马疱疹病毒4型（EHV-4），属疱疹病毒科甲疱疹病毒亚科的成员。 相似文献
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马疱疹病毒Ⅰ型,目前已公认为马鼻肺炎病的病原,关于本病的流行病学,临床症状,病理变化,在国内外的文献中已有些阐述,但驴能否感染本病,尚不清楚。1980年,本所马鼻肺炎研究组的同志从两个马场的马流产胎儿中,用乳金黄地鼠肾原代单层细胞培养,分离出病毒,经实验证实为马疱疹病毒Ⅰ型,将其培养物接种七头妊驴,除4号妊驴正产虚弱的病驴,在产后20小时死亡外,其余妊驴全部流产。经我们对所 相似文献
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马鼻肺炎病毒又叫马流产病毒,是马疱疹Ⅰ型病毒,引起母马流产和幼马呼吸道感染,给养马事业带来相当严重的损失。国内刘景华等于1980年从东北地区两个马场分离得到5株病毒,经实验证明属马疱疹Ⅰ型病毒。我们对分得的病毒进行了电镜观察,着重从形态上研究了国内毒株的特点,同时对病毒的增殖方式及细胞病变进行了初步观察。 相似文献
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为建立马疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(EHV-1)的检测方法,本研究以EHV-1 gB基因的一段保守区域(1207 bp～1509 bp)作为检测的目的片段设计引物,通过对其反应条件的优化,建立了特异性检测EHV-1的SYBR Green I 荧光定量PCR方法.实验结果表明:该方法检测目的基因的灵敏度下限为10拷贝/μL,比常规PCR方法高100倍;与马疱疹病毒4型(EHV-4)及其他马传染病病原体无交叉反应;组内及组间的变异系数均小于2％.该方法检测速度快及高敏感性的特点为马鼻肺炎的防制提供了有力保障,同时也为进一步开展马鼻肺炎相关的研究提供了有效的辅助检测方法技术. 相似文献
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马鼻肺炎炳霉是引起原发性异肺炎和妊马继发流产的一种疱疹病毒。本病在三十年代初由Dimock氏等最先在美国肯塔基州发现。当时,曾命名为“马流产病毒”。不久, 相似文献
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Forty cases of equine penile disease were screened with polymerase chain reaction for the presence of papillomaviral DNA. Cases consisted of 20 squamous cell carcinomas (average age of horse, 23.9 years) and 20 non-squamous cell carcinoma diseases (average age of horse, 13.3 years). All horses but one originated from the Northeastern United States. Breeds were not recorded. As based on MY09/MY11 consensus primers, DNA sequences from equine papillomavirus type 2 were amplified from 9 of 20 horses (45%) with penile squamous cell carcinoma and only 1 of 20 horses (5%) with non-squamous cell carcinoma penile disease. Equine papillomavirus type 2 DNA was the only papillomaviral DNA amplified from any of the 40 horses. Tissues from the 10 horses in which papillomaviral DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction were also screened with in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The presence of papillomavirus was demonstrated in a subset of these by in situ hybridization (6 of 10) and immunohistochemistry (1 of 10). This report describes a possible association between equine penile squamous cell carcinomas and equine papillomavirus type 2. This study is also the first report of equine papillomavirus type 2 infection in North American horses. 相似文献
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Buergelt CD 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2003,4(2):109-129
The few data collections that evaluate the involvement of organ systems in horse diseases are in agreement that the locomotor, gastrointestinal and nervous systems are the sites of primary disease in the vast majority of sick horses. When compared with diseases of these organ systems, equine cardiovascular diseases occur infrequently. The most detailed and comprehensive survey of equine cardiac pathology was reported in 1972 by Else and Holmes, who summarized the gross and microscopic cardiac findings from 1500 abattoir horses. This paper reviews the pathology of the cardiovascular diseases typically encountered in horses. Most of the pathological examples are from the files of the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at the University of Florida, encompassing 24 years (1978-2002) and some 6000 equine necropsy cases. Preceding the specific topics are principles of the anatomy and function of the normal equine heart. Pathological entities include equine congenital cardiovascular diseases, acquired diseases of the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium and valves, cardiac neoplasms, and common equine vascular diseases and vascular neoplasms. Extensive use is made of photographs to illustrate the features of individual case examples. 相似文献
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Bethany A. DeVilbissHussni O. Mohammed BVSc PhD Thomas J. Divers 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009
A survey was developed to examine the perception of equine practitioners regarding the occurrence of five equine neurologic diseases in the northeastern United States over the 10-year period between June 1, 1997 and June 1, 2007. This information was then compared with trends at Cornell University's Equine Hospital during the same time span, which in general agreed with practitioners' opinions. Equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) neurologic disease, equine motor neuron disease (EMND), and equine protozoal myelitis (EPM) have historic and current relevance. Results showed that the frequency of EMND and EPM has remained relatively stationary or decreased somewhat, whereas the frequency of the neurologic strain of EHV-1 may have increased slightly over the last decade. Less historical information on clinical disease associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection (Lyme disease) and Parelaphostrongylus tenuis exists; however, results suggest that P. tenuis in the equine is presently emergent. Opinions regarding the existence and rate of occurrence of clinical borreliosis in horses appear divided. A better understanding of the frequency with which these diseases occur, as well as possible associated positive risk factors, will aid the equine practitioner in making an appropriate diagnosis in cases of neurologic disease in their equine patients. 相似文献
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Slater JD Lunn DP Horohov DW Antczak DF Babiuk L Breathnach C Chang YW Davis-Poynter N Edington N Ellis S Foote C Goehring L Kohn CW Kydd J Matsumura T Minke J Morley P Mumford J Neubauer T O'Callaghan D Osterrieder K Reed S Smith K Townsend H van der Meulen K Whalley M Wilson WD 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,111(1-2):3-13
Amongst the infectious diseases that threaten equine health, herpesviral infections remain a world wide cause of serious morbidity and mortality. Equine herpesvirus-1 infection is the most important pathogen, causing an array of disorders including epidemic respiratory disease abortion, neonatal foal death, myeloencephalopathy and chorioretinopathy. Despite intense scientific investigation, extensive use of vaccination, and established codes of practice for control of disease outbreaks, infection and disease remain common. While equine herpesvirus-1 infection remains a daunting challenge for immunoprophylaxis, many critical advances in equine immunology have resulted in studies of this virus, particularly related to MHC-restricted cytotoxicity in the horse. A workshop was convened in San Gimignano, Tuscany, Italy in June 2004, to bring together clinical and basic researchers in the field of equine herpesvirus-1 study to discuss the latest advances and future prospects for improving our understanding of these diseases, and equine immunity to herpesviral infection. This report highlights the new information that was the focus of this workshop, and is intended to summarize this material and identify the critical questions in the field. 相似文献
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Viruses causing or associated with respiratory disease in horses worldwide are reviewed. Results are presented from a serological survey of 121 New Zealand foals and horses that had been affected by respiratory disease, determining the prevalence of antibodies in this country to the major viruses associated with similar disease overseas. To date there is no evidence of equine influenza virus in New Zealand. Both equine herpesvirus type 1 and 2 have been frequently isolated and show high serological prevalences. Serological evidence of equine rhinovirus type 1 and type 2 is presented with a prevalence of 12.3% and 41.2% respectively observed in foal sera, and 37.7% and 84.9% in adult horse sera. Antibody reacting to equine viral arteritis virus antigen was detected in 3/121 test sera. Equine adenovirus has been isolated on occasions and has shown a 39% serological prevalence in one study reviewed. Progress in New Zealand equine virus research is discussed. 相似文献
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David D Frisbie 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2005,21(3):713-24, viii
Osteoarthritis is one of the most economically important diseases facing equine practitioners. The loss of use associated with joint disease is a leading problem in the equine industry. Although osteoarthritis in all species is believed to be a multifactorial disease that is not well understood, significant advances are being made.This article presents areas of research that are relatively well developed but have not made it to commercialization or routine clinical practice and looks at new applications being investigated for peo-ple that may have an equine application. 相似文献
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Dahm AM de Bruin A Linat A von Tscharner C Wyder M Suter MM 《Equine veterinary journal》2002,34(2):114-120
We describe the establishment and characterisation of equine keratinocyte cultures with maintenance of a high proliferative capacity up to the second passage. Improved attachment and growth were obtained by seeding primary cells on equine feeder layers. Subcultured keratinocytes showed optimal growth when seeded on collagen type I. The proliferation rate of cells on this substrate exceeded that seen for cells seeded on equine feeder layers. By immunohistochemistry, epithelial origin and state of differentiation of the equine keratinocytes were determined. They expressed keratin and desmoplakin I/II, but lacked keratin 10. Electron microscopy revealed typical features of cultured keratinocytes. Purity of keratinocyte cultures was determined by vimentin staining. This is the first report on the establishment of equine keratinocytes derived from lip epithelium. It forms the basis to study equine keratinocyte biology and the pathogenesis of epidermal diseases. Since wound healing represents a severe problem in equine dermatology, our data may be essential for the establishment of new and improved therapy. 相似文献
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Detailed knowledge of horse populations can better facilitate effective control of equine diseases. Preliminary studies were undertaken to ascertain the type of information held on the UK's National Equine Database (NED) and to determine the geographical resolution at which mandatorily recorded owner addresses might be a suitable proxy for predicting horse locations. Results indicated that relatively few UK passport-issuing organisations requested details of where horses were kept in addition to owner address details. Examination of data on 1440 horses held on an Animal Health Trust syndromic surveillance database showed that 90% of them were kept within 10 km of their owners. While owner location may provide an indication of where most horses are kept, further work is also needed to evaluate the usefulness of NED as an epidemiological resource in future equine disease control measures. 相似文献
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The increasing international movement of horses combined with the relaxation of veterinary regulations has resulted in an increased incidence of equine infectious diseases. Vaccination, along with management measures, has become the primary method for the effective control of these diseases. Traditionally modified live and inactivated vaccines have been used and these vaccines have proven to be very successful in preventing disease. However, there are a number of equine infectious diseases for which conventional technology has shown its limitations. The advent of recombinant technology has stimulated the development of second generation vaccines, including gene deleted mutants, live vectored vaccines and DNA vaccines. These vaccines have in common that protective antigens are endogenously processed and presented along the molecules of the MHC I and MHC II complex, resulting in the stimulation of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses similar to natural infection. The present paper provides a review of the vaccines being employed today against the most important equine viral diseases followed by a summary of new developments that are expected to bring improved vaccines to the market in the foreseeable future. 相似文献