共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
一株水产用益生枯草芽孢杆菌液体发酵初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决工业化生产中枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)活菌数量低、成本高的问题,通过正交试验、单因素试验和100 L发酵罐中试,确定了枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)HJ02工业生产用的优化液体培养基和发酵工艺条件。最佳培养基配方为:葡萄糖10 g/L、玉米粉8 g/L、豆粕粉25 g/L、硫酸锰30.8 mg/L、硫酸镁5 g/L、磷酸二氢钠0.52 g/L、磷酸氢二钠2.33 g/L;最优发酵工艺条件为:培养温度30℃,初始pH 7.0;最佳接种菌龄是18 h。优化后培养基成本降低了50%以上,细菌浓度达到了7.19×109个/mL。 相似文献
3.
枯草芽孢杆菌固态发酵工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus Subtilis）的固态发酵工艺进行了研究，包括碳源、氮源、含水量、初始pH、接种时间、接种量等影响因素，并通过单因子试验和正交试验优化，确定了枯草芽孢杆菌的固态发酵工艺为：（1）培养基：麸皮19．5g，稻谷壳0．5g，豆粕1．0g，水22mL；（2）发酵条件：初始pH为7．0、接种时间20h，接种量为0．9mL。照此工艺发酵，枯草芽孢杆菌的活茵数高达435亿个／g。 相似文献
4.
以26S rDNA法将实验室保藏的1株产虾青素的海洋酵母菌YS-185鉴定为粘红酵母。以海洋酵母菌YS-185为试验菌株,运用摇瓶发酵优化的方式,探索培养基组分和发酵工艺条件对该菌发酵的影响。实验结果表明,该菌生长最适培养基组分为葡萄糖8 g/L、蛋白胨8 g/L,最适生长起始pH值为5.5、转速220 r/min、接种量8%、温度20℃;虾青素合成的最佳培养基组分葡萄糖8 g/L、蛋白胨8 g/L,最佳虾青素合成条件:pH 5.5,转速220 r/min,接种量8%,培养温度25℃。发酵优化后的虾青素产量2.670μg/ml,较优化前的1.572μg/ml提高了69.8%。温度对酵母菌的生长和虾青素的合成都有显著影响。海洋酵母菌YS-185优化后的发酵条件有规模化生产虾青素的应用潜力。 相似文献
5.
枯草芽孢杆菌培养基配方优化的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
枯草芽孢杆菌培养基的组分是由葡萄糖、蛋白胨、酵母膏、磷酸二氢钾、碳酸钙等5种原料构成，采用L1（4^5）正交表，将5种原料作为枯草芽孢杆菌培养有影响的因素，通过试验数理统计的直观和理论分析，对其配方进行优化：试验结果表明，当培养基的配方为无水葡萄糖3．50g／L、蛋白胨0．83g／L、酵母膏0．50g／L、磷酸二氢钾0．35g／L和碳酸钙0．25g／L，温度（34±2）℃时，培养16h即可达到生长峰值。由于枯草芽孢杆菌光学密度（optical density，OD）与活菌数量的关系：Y=0．5182x^2＋1．4462x＋1．9714（r=0．996343），接种的枯草芽孢杆菌由1．9714×10^8cfu／mL提高到3．3124×10^8cfu／mL。优化的枯草芽孢杆菌培养基条件能有效促进枯草芽孢杆菌生长。 相似文献
6.
《福建水产》2020,(4)
CQN-2是一株具有抗病、促生长等多种功能的肠道内源性解淀粉芽孢杆菌。为研究其最佳培养条件,从而为规模化生产发酵提供依据,本文以菌体生物量为指标,采用单因素试验和正交试验对CQN-2菌株的最适培养基及发酵条件进行优化。结果表明,CQN-2菌株的最适碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为细菌学蛋白胨,经优化后的最佳培养基配方为可溶性淀粉20 g/L、细菌学蛋白胨30 g/L、糖蜜50 g/L、KH_2PO_4 0.5 g/L、MgSO_4 0.5 g/L、NaCl 0.3 g/L、Mn~(2+) 5 mmol/L、Al~(3+) 1 mmol/L;最佳发酵培养条件为初始pH值7.0,接种量为3%、装液接种量25 mL/250 mL;使用优化后的培养基将CQN-2接种于5 L发酵罐进行高密度发酵培养36 h后的活菌数为3.03×10~(12) CFU/mL。 相似文献
7.
以健康刺参肠道的益生茵——枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)为研究对象,以豆粕、葡萄糖和氯化钠为基础发酵培养基,通过单因素和正交试验,确定该菌株适用于工业生产的最佳发酵培养基配方;通过单因素试验,确定最佳发酵条件;同时在生物反应器中进行扩大培养试验,得到其最佳种龄和发酵时间.试验确立该茵株的最佳培养基配方为:氯化钠10g/L,葡萄糖2.5g/L,豆粕20g/L;最佳发酵条件为:培养温度28℃,初始pH 7.5,转速170r/min,菌种接种量5％.以最佳发酵条件和培养基,在10L生物反应器中进行扩大培养试验,得到最佳种龄为24h、最佳发酵时间为32h,菌体细胞浓度最高达到8.5×109cfu/mL,芽孢生成率达到91％.研究结果为刺参微生态制剂的工业化生产提供基础数据,为海水养殖专用微生态制剂的开发提供参考. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
通过生理生化、分子生物学、单因子优化等方法研究了来自南海海域一株产中性蛋白酶菌株S-3685,并对其在250 ml摇瓶中的培养条件进行了优化。结果显示,该菌株初步确定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),发酵培养的最佳碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖10 g/L和豆面10 g/L,牛肉膏5 g/L,酵母膏5 g/L。无机盐MgSO4·7H2O、Na2CO3、KH2PO4最佳浓度分别为0.2 g/L、2.0 g/L、1.0 g/L;菌株在培养基起始pH=7.0、4%接种量、15 ml/250 ml (v/v)装液量和30℃的条件下,发酵72 h获得较高的酶产量。在最佳培养条件下产酶量为4250 U/ml,是优化前的5倍。 相似文献
11.
12.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
13.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
14.
Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
15.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
16.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
17.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
18.
19.
Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献
20.
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) increased plasma inorganic phosphate concentration in American eels,Anguilla rostrata, in a dose-dependent fashion. This response was more marked in phosphate loaded fish. In control as well as phosphate loaded
eels the hyperphosphatemic response to D3 was associated with a sharp reduction in renal phosphate clearance relative to14C-polyethelene glycol (PEG) clearance. Glomerular filtration and urine flow rates were not affected by D3. As renal phosphate clearance, even in phosphate loaded eels, never significantly exceeded that of PEG, it is suggested that
D3 reduced the relative clearance rate of phosphate by increasing renal phosphate reabsorption rather than by reducing the tubular
secretion of phosphate. 相似文献