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(一)正确使用免疫制剂预防小鹅瘟生物制剂有疫苗和抗血清两大类. 1.疫苗:有活疫苗和灭活苗二种.活疫苗:1961年从患病雏鹅分离的强毒株,经易感鹅胚传代减弱,已对易感雏鹅无致病性,但仍保持其免疫原性.目前有农业部批准鹅胚化种鹅用活疫苗和雏鹅用活疫苗二种,另一种为鸭胚化小鹅瘟活疫苗,仅限于种鹅用,而雏鹅禁用.鹅胚化活苗,每羽份疫苗病毒量含量为≥105 ELD50,比鸭胚化活苗高100倍. 相似文献
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应用英国鸭胚化小鹅瘟21/486弱毒种毒,研制出湿苗和冻干苗,其效价为10~(5-6)ELD_(50)/0.2ml.以该苗原液接种3日龄雏鹅(无母源抗体)5只,每只3.0ml,观察20天均存活;以10倍稀释的该疫苗皮下接种3日龄雏鹅0.2ml/只,免疫后3、7和14天分别用小鹅瘟(GP)强毒1.1万个 LD_(50)/0.2ml/只攻毒,保护率分别为95%、100%和100%;用皮下接种的2倍量的该疫苗进行饮水免疫,保护率为84.96%。中和抗体和琼扩抗体均从疫苗接种后第7天开始出现,并持续到第10周以上.1988～1990年在吉林、河北、辽宁、内蒙古四省八个单位共免疫接种种鹅和雏鹅20余万只,未发现不良反应。在疫区和受威胁区接种此苗后,GP 得到控制或消灭,并且提高成活率40～97%。 相似文献
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将从有关单位引进的小鹅瘟鸭胚化弱毒疫苗毒株连续通过8日龄鸭胚绒毛尿囊腔传5代,由此而得到VF33种毒。VF33种毒对8日龄鸭胚的半数致死量为10~(6·25)/0.2ml,中和指数为3.25,最小致死量为10~(-4)/0.2ml。将VF33弱毒疫苗作1:100稀释,每只产卵母鹅肌肉注射1ml,免疫后110天收集种卵育雏,每只以0.5ml强毒攻击,其保护率为90％;将种毒原液5ml接种产蛋母鹅,1ml接种3～6日龄雏鹅,均表现安全。 相似文献
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抗小鹅瘟母源抗体是由种母鹅经卵传递给雏鹅 ,具有抵抗小鹅瘟病毒侵袭 ,保护雏鹅不受感染发病的作用。本试验通过免疫监测及攻毒试验 ,测定雏鹅母源抗体的消长规律和对强毒攻击的保护效果 ,为制定防制小鹅瘟病的措施 ,更有效的防治好本病提供参考依据。1 材料与方法1.1 材料1.1.1 种鹅 选一养鹅户饲养种鹅 6只 (♀ 5只 ,♂ 1只 ) ,供小鹅瘟疫苗免疫。1.1.2 雏鹅 来源于免疫鹅种蛋孵化鹅雏 2 4只 ,为母源抗体检测组 ,供采血测定母源抗体。另选无母源抗体雏鹅 15只 ,隔离饲养 ,作为对照组。1.1.3 小鹅瘟疫苗及强毒 系黑龙江省兽医科学… 相似文献
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一、健康鹅群免疫程序 (一)雏鹅群 1.小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗免疫:未经小鹅瘟活苗免疫的种鹅的后代雏鹅,或经小鹅瘟活苗免疫100天之后的种鹅的后代雏鹅,在出壳后1～2天应用小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗皮下注射免疫。免疫后7天内需隔离饲养,防止在未产生免疫力之前因野外强毒感染而引起发病,7天后免疫的雏鹅已产生免疫力,基本上可抵抗强毒的感染而不发病。 免疫种鹅在免疫100天内所产后代的雏鹅有母源抗体,不要用活苗免疫,因母源抗体能中和活苗中的病毒,使之活苗不能产生足够免疫力而免疫失败。 2.小鹅瘟抗血清免疫:在无小鹅瘟流行的区域,易感雏鹅可… 相似文献
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小鹅瘟主要发生于雏鹅,并且以21日龄以内的雏鹅较为多见。现将防治小鹅瘟的几点体会总结如下。1预防(1)种蛋的选择。种蛋应选择没有感染过小鹅瘟病毒的种鹅。笔者认为许多小鹅瘟的爆发,都是由于孵化期或在出雏期间感染小鹅瘟病毒造成的。因此,应在种蛋入孵前做好种蛋和孵化环境的严格消毒,保持良好的孵化卫生条件。(2)对种鹅产蛋前1个月进行小鹅瘟疫苗预防接种,使雏鹅产生足够的母源抗体,一般可在15日龄内抵抗小鹅瘟病毒的侵害,这是预防小鹅瘟的有效措施。对雏鹅进行小鹅瘟疫苗注射是不可取的。因为注射疫苗后,机体一般在7天左右产生抗体,15… 相似文献
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(上接第5期第16页) 三、鹅病防制 (一)预防几种传染病的方法 1.健康鹅群免疫程序.种鹅群:(1)雏鹅群:小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗免疫:未经小鹅瘟活苗免疫种鹅后代的雏鹅,或经小鹅瘟活苗免疫100天之后种鹅后代的雏鹅,在出壳后1～2天内应用小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗皮下注射免疫.免疫后7天内需隔离饲养,防止在未产生免疫力之前因野外强毒感染而引起发病,7天后免疫的雏鹅已产生免疫力,基本上可抵抗强毒的感染而不发病.免疫种鹅在有效期内其后代的雏鹅有母源抗体,不需用活苗免疫,因母源抗体能中和活苗中的病毒,使活苗不能产生足够免疫力而免疫失败. 相似文献
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Kaleta EF Kuczka A Kühnhold A Bunzenthal C Bönner BM Hanka K Redmann T Yilmaz A 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,114(1):3-11
The continuing westward spread of avian influenza A virus of the subtype H5N1 in free-living and domestic birds forced the European Union and the German federal government to enhance all biosecurity measures including in-house keeping of all captive birds from October 20 to December 15, 2005. Movement of captive ducks and geese of many different species from a free-range system to tight enclosures and maintenance for prolonged times in such overcrowded sheds resulted in pronounced disturbance of natural behaviour, interruption of mating and breeding activities and possibly additional stress. Under these conditions the birds developed signs of severe disease and enhanced mortality twentyfour days later. A total of 17 out of 124 (14%) adult birds and 149 out of 184 year-old birds (81 %) died during the outbreak. A herpesvirus was isolated from many organs of succumbed ducks and geese that was identified as a duck plague herpesvirus by cross neutralization test using known antisera against duck plague virus. The published host range of duck plague comprises 34 species within the order Anseriformes. We report here on additional 14 species of this order that were found to be susceptible to duck plague virus. The exact source of the herpesvirus could not identified. However, low antibody titres in some ducks at day of vaccination indicate that at least some of the birds were latently infected with a duck plague herpesvirus. The remaining healthy appearing birds were subcutaneously vaccinated with a modified live duck plague vaccine (Intervet, Boxmeer, NL) that stopped losses and resulted in seroconversion in most of the vaccinated birds. 相似文献
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Usui T Konnai S Tajima S Watarai S Aida Y Ohashi K Onuma M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(11):1201-1205
A DNA vaccination trial was performed on sheep to determine whether vaccination with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) transactivator Tax DNA is effective against BLV infection. Immunization was carried out with cationic liposomes containing the Tax-expressing plasmid DNA and subsequently all sheep were challenged with BLV. BLV titers in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) determined by syncytium formation assay and BLV provirus load detected by genomic PCR analysis showed higher levels of virus titers in control sheep than those in Tax-vaccinated sheep. Higher levels of IFN-gamma mRNA expression have been demonstrated in vaccinated sheep after the challenge. These results suggested that Th1 type immune response induced by Tax DNA vaccine inhibited BLV propagation in vaccinated sheep at the early phase of infection. 相似文献
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Cross-reactive antibodies to BLV and HTLV in bovine and human hosts with retrovirus infection 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sera of 22 cattle naturally infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV), of 2 calves vaccinated with BLV, and of 22 patients with human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection were tested to BLV and HTLV-I by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting (WB). Sera of 22 healthy cattle and from 22 healthy persons, and mouse monoclonal antibody to BLV-gp51, to HTLV-I-p24, or to HTLV-I-p19 were also tested. Sera of virus-infected hosts gave significantly higher ELISA values than sera of healthy donors to both BLV and HTLV-I. The correlation between ELISA values of bovine sera to BLV and those to HTLV-I was r = 0.76, whereas that of human sera was r = 0.35. By WB and competitive WB assays, bovine sera that were ELISA-positive to BLV reacted with one or more of p12, p15, and p24 of BLV, and with only p24 of HTLV-I. Human sera that were ELISA-positive to HTLV-I reacted with p12 and p24 of BLV, and with one or more of p12, p15, p19, and p24 of HTLV-I. These results demonstrate that BLV and HTLV-I are capable of evoking cross-reactive immune response in at least some hosts under natural infection as well as by virus vaccination. 相似文献
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Surviving birds from nine duck plague outbreaks in urban and confined waterfowl were sampled for duck plague (DP) virus and DP antibody during 1979-86. Duck plague virus was found in combined oral and cloacal swabs of birds from three outbreaks, and DP-neutralizing antibody was demonstrated in some birds from all nine outbreaks. Greater prevalence of DP antibody and higher titers were found in survivors from confined populations than from free-flying urban populations. Free-flying waterfowl from within 52 km of four DP outbreak sites were also sampled; virus was not found in any birds, but DP antibody was found in urban waterfowl in the vicinity of an outbreak in Potterville, Michigan. No evidence of exposure to or shedding of DP virus in migratory waterfowl was found in two regions where DP appears enzootic in urban and confined waterfowl (Eastern Shore of Maryland and the vicinity of Sacramento, California). 相似文献
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K Ohishi H Suzuki T Maruyama T Yamamoto S Funahashi K Miki Y Ikawa M Sugimoto 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(8):1170-1173
Three kinds of recombinant vaccinia virus (RVV)--mO-HA/ATI, LO1-HA/ATI and mO-HA/7.5kD--expressing bovine leukosis virus (BLV) envelope glycoprotein (gp60) were constructed. The BLV envelope gene of RVV mO-HA/ATI and LO1-HA/ATI or of RVV mO-HA/7.5kD was expressed under control of the promoter of A-type inclusion body (ATI) protein gene of cow-pox virus or vaccinia virus 7.5-kD protein gene, respectively. The vaccinia virus strain, LC16mO, was used as vector for RVV mO-HA/ATI and mO-HA/7.5kD, and strain LO-1 was used for RVV LO1-HA/ATI. Strains LC16mO and LO-1 are attenuated vaccine virus strains originating from the Lister original vaccinia virus. All 3 kinds of constructed RVV expressed gp60 in cultured rabbit kidney cells after infection; mO-HA/ATI expressed more antigen than did mO-HA/7.5kD. Rabbits vaccinated with RVV produced considerable antibody capable of inhibiting syncytium formation, as well as antibody with virion-binding ability. The RVV that used ATI promoter induced higher antibody titer than did the RVV that used 7.5-kD promoter. Results indicate that BLV gp60 is responsible for induction of neutralizing antibodies that suppress in vitro formation of syncytia among BLV-infected cells. Applicability of RVV, especially those using ATI promoter, was evaluated in a vaccine against bovine leukosis. 相似文献
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Response of domestic geese to lentogenic and velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A total of 54 domestic white meat-type geese were included in vaccination/challenge trials to evaluate susceptibility to disease and humoral immune responses using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (VN) tests against Newcastle disease (ND). Two groups of twenty geese, five weeks of age, were conjunctivally vaccinated with either 100 x 10(6) or 2.5 x 10(6) EID50 (egg infectious dose 50 per cent) per bird of live La Sota virus, respectively, and 14 geese remained unvaccinated. At 15 weeks of age all vaccinated geese and seven unvaccinated geese were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 ml of inactivated oil emulsion ND vaccine, whereas seven geese remained as negative controls. At an age of 20 weeks, all 54 geese were challenged with 10(8.0) EID50 per bird of the viscerotropic velogenic NDV strain Herts 33/56. Live virus application as well as the oil emulsion vaccine did not induce discernible clinical signs and have no detrimental effect on body weight gains. At days 1, 3, 5, 8, 13, 16, 20, 23 and 27 after the application of lentogenic vaccine pharyngeal and cloacal swabs were taken, after challenge samples were taken at days 2, 5 and 8. Lentogenic as well as velogenic virus were never reisolated. Low and shortlived antibody responses post vaccination were equally well measured in HI and VN tests. Only two out of seven unvaccinated but challenged geese developed signs of ND whereas all vaccinated/challenged geese remained normal but developed high to moderate levels of HI and VN antibodies. Since domestic geese do not readily excrete NDV's in detectable amounts and since they do not contain detectable amounts of the challenge virus fourteen days post challenge in their tissues the assumption is promoted that geese do not play a major role in the epidemiology of Newcastle disease. 相似文献
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A blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is described. The test is based on the biotin-streptavidin system using unlabelled polyclonal bovine IgG against BLV as catching antibody and biotinylated bovine anti-BLV IgG as detecting antibody. The sensitivity was found to be 50-100 times higher than the agar gel immunodiffusion test, with a specificity of practically 100%. The blocking ELISA proved to be suitable for detection of antibodies against BLV in serum and milk. In 34 paired milk/serum samples, the average ratio of BLV antibody titres was 1:26. So far, more than 700,000 sera have been screened by blocking ELISA for BLV antibodies in the course of the Danish surveillance programme for BLV infection. 相似文献
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表达H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒在水禽的免疫效力 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用表达 H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素基因的重组鸡痘病毒 ( r FPV- HA)和油乳剂全病毒灭活疫苗分别接种商品鹅 ,评价疫苗在水禽的免疫保护作用。结果发现 ,免疫后 2 1 d,r FPV- HA免疫组 HI抗体检测为阴性 ,灭活疫苗免疫组HI抗体阳性率为 70 % ;用 H5亚型禽流感病毒攻击后 ,与阴性对照组相比 ,r FPV - HA免疫组鹅的口腔和泄殖腔排毒率降低 ,病理变化减轻 ,感染鹅易康复 ,保护率为 80 % ,总体保护效力达到灭活疫苗水平。结果表明 r FPV - HA免疫家鹅可诱导良好保护 ,显示出了良好的应用前景 相似文献