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网上与地面平养四川白鹅肉质性状的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨饲养方式对四川白鹅肉质性状的影响,本试验选用1日龄的四川白鹅100只,随机分为两个组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只(公母各半),分别采用地面平养和网上平养方式饲养。饲养至70日龄时从每个重复随机抽取4只、每个组共20只鹅进行屠宰、取肉样,测定并比较其屠宰及肉质指标。结果显示:网上平养四川白鹅的活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重显著高于地面平养(P<0.05);地面平养与网上平养四川白鹅肌肉物理性状差异不显著(P>0.05);网上平养四川白鹅肌肉的粗脂肪含量显著高于地面平养(P<0.05),而干物质含量、钙含量显著低于地面平养(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2015,(22)
试验目的是研究全脂米糠部分替代玉米后对四川白鹅器官指数和胸肌中氨基酸组成的影响。204只四川白鹅[公鹅,28日龄,(984±15)g]随机分配到4个处理组,进行为期42 d的饲养试验。其全脂米糠的添加量分别为0、6%、12%和18%。每个处理有6个重复,每个重复8~9只鹅。研究结果表明,四川白鹅饲粮中部分添加全脂米糠有降低肌胃指数和心肌指数的趋势(线性0.05P0.1),且四川白鹅胸肌中丝氨酸的含量最高可提高3.6%(线性0.05P0.1),但对其它氨基酸含量均没有影响(线性P0.05;二次P0.05)。说明全脂米糠部分替代玉米后对四川白鹅的器官指数和胸肌的氨基酸组成均没有影响。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究粗蛋白质(CP)和代谢能(ME)水平对4～8周龄四川白鹅屠宰性能的影响.采用3×3双因素试验设计,设3个ME水平(12.86、12.13、11.43 MJ/kg)和3个CP水平(17％、15％、13％),配制9种试验饲粮.选择540只体重相近、健康的22日龄四川白鹅,随机分成9组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只,公母各7～8只.试验期为35 d.在试验的第36天,每组挑选8只体重接近各组平均体重的试验鹅,进行屠宰试验.结果表明:随着CP水平的升高,试验鹅腹脂率降低(P＜0.05),脚率升高(P＜0.05);随着ME水平的升高,试验鹅胸肌率降低(P＜0.05);饲粮CP和ME水平的互作对试验鹅屠宰率、腿肌率、腹脂率有极显著的影响(P＜0.01).研究表明,低能量、低蛋白质水平可使4～8周龄四川白鹅获得较佳的屠宰性能,建议4～8周龄四川白鹅适宜ME值和CP水平分别为11.43 MJ/kg和13％. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮粗纤维(CF)水平和砂砾对22~70日龄四川白鹅血清脂肪代谢指标、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响。采用双因素试验设计,即添加或不添加砂砾,饲粮CF水平分别为4.0%、7.0%和10.0%。选取22日龄体重相近的四川白鹅公鹅648只,随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复18只鹅。试验期48 d。结果表明:1)饲粮CF水平显著影响了49日龄四川白鹅血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白含量(P<0.05),显著影响了70日龄四川白鹅血清葡萄糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白含量(P<0.05)。饲粮砂砾显著影响了49、70日龄四川白鹅血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯含量(P<0.05)。2)饲粮CF水平和砂砾对70日龄四川白鹅的屠宰性能和肉品质无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可见,增加饲粮CF水平可降低血清脂类含量,而添加砂砾可提高部分血清脂肪代谢指标。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2016,(6)
选择7日龄健康四川白鹅480只(公母各半),分别将公鹅及母鹅随机分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复20只鹅,分别饲喂不同铜含量的日粮,研究不同日粮铜含量(39.55、127.60、194.75、255.22 mg/kg)对四川白鹅生长性能、胴体性状及肉质性状的影响。7日龄预试,2周龄开始试验,12周龄结束。在2、4、6、8、10及12周龄时,每个重复称重,计算日增重及料重比。12周龄时每个重复选择3只接近平均体重的鹅进行屠宰,测定胴体及肉质性状。结果表明:①高铜有抑制8周龄前生长,降低2~4周龄日增重及饲料报酬的作用;②日粮铜含量对四川白鹅胴体性状和肉质性状无显著影响,但高铜有降低肌肉L~*值、a~*值、b~*值的趋势,可使肉色变浅。 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2015,(10)
本试验旨在探索柑橘皮渣对1~21日龄四川白鹅生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。选用828只1日龄四川白鹅,用单因子试验设计,随机分成6组,每个组6个重复,每个重复23只鹅。各组分别饲喂含柑橘皮渣0(对照组)、2%、4%、6%、8%和10%的等代谢能、等粗蛋白质、等氨基酸的玉米-豆粕型饲粮。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)6%组料重比显著低于对照组(P0.05),末重和平均日增重呈先增加后降低趋势。2)与对照组相比,8%组血清高密度脂蛋白含量显著提高(P0.05);10%组血清总胆固醇含量显著提高(P0.05)。3)柑橘皮渣对鹅血清生化指标无显著影响(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮柑橘皮渣添加量为6%时,对1~21日龄四川白鹅生产性能有较好的促进作用。 相似文献
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不同类型粗纤维饲料对四川白鹅生产性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为确定不同类型粗纤维饲料对肉鹅生长性能及屠宰性能的影响,试验选用160只四川白鹅仔鹅,随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复10只(公母各占1/2).对照组饲喂含花生秧粉20%的饲粮,试验组分别饲喂含苜蓿草粉10%、20%和30%的饲粮.结果显示:1)10%苜蓿草粉组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05);2)10%、20%苜蓿草粉组屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),腹脂率显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结果表明:与对照组相比,四川白鹅采食含10%的苜蓿草粉饲粮表现出了较高的生产性能. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)和代谢能(ME)水平对1～3周龄四川白鹅生长性能及氮和能量平衡的影响.采用3×3双因素试验设计,设3个ME水平(12.86、12.13、11.43MJ/kg)和3个CP水平(23％、20％、17％),配制9种试验饲粮.选择540只体重相近、健康的1日龄四川白鹅,随机分成9组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只.试验期为21 d.结果表明:1)随着饲粮CP水平的升高,试验鹅的末重、平均日增重、每克增重消耗CP量显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)升高,料重比、每克增重消耗ME量显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)降低.饲粮CP和ME水平的互作对试验鹅每克增重消耗的CP量和每克增重消耗的ME量有极显著的影响(P＜0.01).2)试验鹅的氮利用率随饲粮CP水平的升高极显著降低(P＜0.01);试验鹅的食入总能(GE)、ME、GE代谢率随饲粮ME水平增加极显著降低(P＜0.01).研究结果提示,1～3周龄四川白鹅适宜CP水平为20％,适宜ME水平为11.43 MJ/kg. 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献