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1.
《畜牧与兽医》2015,(3):46-48
为研究VIPR-1基因位点多态性与产蛋性状的相关性,寻找影响产蛋性状的分子标记。本研究以河田鸡为试验材料,利用PCR-HpaⅡ-RFLP技术,对VIPR-1基因外显子2进行了多态性检测和基因型分析,并对该多态位点与产蛋性状进行关联分析。结果表明:扩增产物用HpaⅡ酶切检测出AA,AG和GG 3种基因型。不同基因型对开产日龄和300日龄蛋重没有显著相关(P0.05),对240日龄产蛋数、300日龄产蛋数有显著影响(P0.05)。其中GG基因型的240日龄产蛋数和300日龄产蛋数显著高于AG基因型和AA基因型,表现为差异显著(P0.05),AG基因型的240日龄产蛋数和300日龄产蛋数高于AA基因型,但表现为差异不显著(P0.05)。3种基因型240日龄产蛋数、300日龄产蛋数呈现GG基因型AG基因型AA基因型的趋势。G等位基因为优势等位基因。  相似文献   

2.
为提高连城白鸭的产蛋性能,从连城白鸭原种场核心群选择具有高产性能的60羽公鸭、900羽母鸭按1:15组成60个家系基础群,采用家系闭锁群继代选育法选育.结果表明:连城白鸭产蛋数经过5个世代选育后由255.7枚提高到275.0枚,蛋重、授精率、孵化率和料蛋比均有不同程度提高.选育进展显著,选育技术路线正确、有效.  相似文献   

3.
为了研究肌肉生长抑制素(MSTN)基因在鸭群体中的遗传变异情况,试验以莆田黑鸭、连城白鸭、绍兴鸭、攸县麻鸭、建昌鸭、高邮鸭及北京鸭为材料,采用连接酶检测反应(LDR)的方法对MSTN基因5’-调控区第1 024位点单核苷酸多态性(SNP)进行基因分析,并统计该位点在群体中的基因型频率、等位基因频率和Hardy-Weinberg平衡情况。结果表明:在7个品种鸭中,检测MSTN基因第1 024位点均含CC、CG和GG 3种基因型。在连城白鸭、攸县麻鸭和高邮鸭中,CC基因型占优势,且以连城白鸭最高(0.72);在高邮鸭和建昌鸭中,CG基因型占优势;在北京鸭中,GG基因型占优势;在绍兴鸭中,CC基因型、CG基因型出现的频率相同。建昌鸭和北京鸭等位基因G的频率高于等位基因C的频率,其他品种鸭均为等位基因C的频率大于等位基因G的频率。莆田黑鸭、连城白鸭、绍兴鸭、攸县麻鸭、北京鸭和高邮鸭MSTN基因在第1 024位点均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05),仅有建昌鸭不符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
为了解影响连城白鸭产蛋的重要病毒病感染情况，应用(RT-)PCR技术对2022年3月至2022年12月采集的产蛋期连城白鸭口腔/泄殖腔棉拭子及患鸭组织等样品开展禽流感、鸭坦布苏病毒病、禽1型副黏病毒病、鸭星状病毒病、产蛋下降综合征及鸭瘟等重要病毒病的检测。对所采集的856份样品检测结果表明，产蛋期连城白鸭的重要病毒病感染呈现多样性，以低致病性H9亚型禽流感较常见。调查结果可为产蛋期连城白鸭的疫病防控提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
ESR、NPY基因对文昌鸡繁殖性状的遗传效应分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
以控制文昌鸡繁殖性状的雌激素受体(ESR)基因和神经肽Y(NPY)基因为候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP,PCR-RFLP技术检测ESR基因和NPY基因在文昌鸡中的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),同时对这两个基因与文昌鸡繁殖性状的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,ESR基因多态与300日龄产蛋数相关显著(P<0.05)与个体平均连产天数多相关极显著(P<0.01);NPY基因多态与300日龄平均产蛋数相关显著(P<0.05),NPY基因以加性方式作用,加性效应值为-0.252(P<0.05)。合并基因型AAAC具有最高的300日龄产蛋数、400日龄产蛋数、平均连产天数。  相似文献   

6.
本研究旨在阐明骨形态发生蛋自15(Bone morphogenetic protein l5,BMP15)基因多态性与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状之间的关系,为鸡繁殖性状的标记辅助选择提供科学依据.采用PCR-RFLP技术检测261只邵伯鸡母系BMP15的基因多态性,用最小二乘法分析该基因多态性与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状的关系.发现BMP15基因外显子1序列中存在3个多态位点C397T、A474G和C594T,其中C397T位点C→T的突变使亮氨酸变为苯丙氨酸,经RFLP检测,3个多态位点均发现3种基因型.x2检验表明,邵伯鸡母系在这3个位点均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡.用最小二乘法分析这3个位点的多态性与邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状之间的关系,结果发现,C397T位点TT基因型个体的开产日龄显著早于CT型个体(P＜0.05),TT型个体的300日龄产蛋数显著高于CT型个体(P＜0.05) ;A474G位点AA、AG和GG型个体间的各性状差异均不显著(P＞0.05) ;C594T位点CC型个体的开产日龄显著早于CT与TT型个体.3个位点的合并基因型TTAATT对开产日龄、开产体质量、开产蛋质量、300日龄平均蛋质量、300日龄产蛋数均有显著影响(P＜0.05).对于邵伯鸡母系而言,TTAATT是最有利基因型,本研究结果初步表明,BMP 15基因合并基因型TTAATT可以作为邵伯鸡母系产蛋性状潜在的DNA分子标记.  相似文献   

7.
对120日龄的连城白鸭、绿头野鸭及其杂交F1代鸭的体重及体尺进行测定并作分析,得到结果为杂交鸭体重显著高于野鸭和连城白鸭（P〈0.05）,胸宽、胸围、体斜长、半潜水长、胫长、龙骨长均处于绿头野鸭和连城白鸭之间,而F1代鸭胸深与野鸭差异不显著,但显著高于连城白鸭（P〈0.01）,杂交F1代鸭的体重、胸宽、胸深和龙骨长的变异系数比其父母代鸭小。  相似文献   

8.
以109只海南文昌鸡为试验动物,利用PCR-SSCP技术检测了促卵泡激素(follicle-stimulating hormone β,FSHβ)基因的多态性,在其内含子1区域内发现了1个SNP,在群体中检测出2种基因型:AA、AB。将不同基因型个体与产蛋数、畸形蛋数、体重和开产日龄等进行了关联分析。结果表明,AA基因型鸡个体的产蛋数比AB基因型个体多9.54枚,畸形蛋数比AB基因型个体少1.54枚,开产日龄比AB基因型个体早2.97 d,且差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。22~26、27~30和31~34周龄的AA基因型鸡的产蛋量显著高于AB基因型(P＜0.05),而18~21和35~39周龄的AA基因型鸡的产蛋量也明显高于AB基因型,但差异不显著(P＞0.05)。AA基因型鸡6、8、14、20周龄的体重高于AB基因型个体,AA基因型个体18周龄的体重却低于AB基因型个体,差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。总体而言,FSHβ基因位点的A等位基因对产蛋数、畸形蛋数、体重和开产日龄的影响均未达到差异显著水平。  相似文献   

9.
为了更深入地了解连城白鸭睾丸生长发育规律。试验通过测定100、120、140、160、180、200、240和480日龄连城白鸭的睾丸长径、短径和重量等指标，比较分析连城白鸭各阶段睾丸重、睾丸体积和睾丸指数之间的关系，结果表明：连城白鸭100日龄至480日龄间的体重无显著差异，而100日龄至180日龄睾丸生长发育迅速，睾丸总重、睾丸总体积和睾丸指数迅速增长；180日龄至240日龄，睾丸生长发育相对减缓，睾丸总重、睾丸总体积和睾丸指数增长也相应减缓；240日龄后，睾丸的生长发育进入相对静止状态。表明了连城白鸭睾丸的生长发育较迟于体重的生长发育。  相似文献   

10.
为研究日粮能量水平与NPY基因对文昌鸡产蛋性能的影响,600只文昌鸡随机分为3组(Ⅰ组,低能组;Ⅱ组,对照组;Ⅲ组,高能组),每组设置5个重复,每个重复40只试验鸡.运用PCR-RFLP方法检测3组试验鸡群NPY基因Dra Ⅰ酶切位点的多态性,并与产蛋性能进行方差分析.结果表明:不同能量水平之间的文昌鸡300日龄体重差异显著(P<0.05);日粮能量水平与NPY基因对300日龄产蛋数产生明显的互作效应(P<0.05),从基因型300日龄产蛋数在高能组比在低能组和对照组分别少20.02个和28.45个.  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

13.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

15.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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16.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the gland cisterns and teat cisterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone.  相似文献   

20.
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