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1.
割手密抗逆基因资源的挖掘是甘蔗抗逆育种的重要工作任务。本研究以前期转录组测序得到的割手密REMO基因c DNA序列为探针,对Gen Bank中的EST数据库进行同源检索,发现高粱REMO基因(XM_002465954.1)与其具有极高的相似性(94%)。利用高粱REMO基因(XM_002465954.1)设计同源引物,后经PCR、分子克隆、序列分析验证成功分离了7个割手密REMO基因c DNA序列(Ss REMO-1a,Ss REMO-1b,Ss REMO-1c,Ss REMO-1d,Ss REMO-1e,Ss REMO-1f,Ss REMO-1g,Gen Bank登录号为MF095088-MF095094)。7条序列全长均为738 bp,5'非翻译区(UTR)长度78 bp,3'UTR长度为96 bp,包含一个564 bp的开放读码框,编码187个氨基酸。分析表明此蛋白序列具有REMO保守结构域。Ss REMO-1a、Ss REMO-1b、Ss REMO-1c、Ss REMO-1d、Ss REMO-1e、Ss REMO-1f、Ss REMO-1g的相似性在98.9%~99.7%之间,存在14个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,4个氨基酸变异位点,蛋白相似性在98.4%~100%之间。Ss REMO-1蛋白序列与高粱、水稻、玉米等物种具有较高的同源性,可分为两个亚类。  相似文献   

2.
干旱应答元件结合蛋白(dehydration responsive element binding protein,DREB),在植物应对干旱、盐碱和低温胁迫的反应中起非常重要的调控作用。利用已知的甘蔗栽培种DREB2转录因子序列,设计引物,按照同源克隆的方法,获得了2个割手密DREB2基因组DNA序列,分别命名为Ss DREB2-a和Ss DREB2-f(Gen Bank登录号分别为:KU963272和KU963277)。序列分析结果表明,Ss DREB2-a基因序列全长为1 578 bp,Ss DREB2-f基因序列全长为1 729 bp,2个基因均包含1个内含子和2个外显子。Ss DREB2-a和Ss DREB2-f基因的c DNA序列全长分别为824 bp和971 bp,均编码262个氨基酸。序列比对分析显示,2个基因的序列相似性为96.6%,编码的蛋白相似性为98.9%,存在3个氨基酸变异位点。系统进化分析结果显示,割手密DREB2转录因子与高粱、牛鞭草、斑茅、玉米等植物的DREB2转录因子的同源关系最近。基因的获得为下一步了解DREB2基因表达与割手密抵御非生物胁迫能力之间的关系奠定了基础。  相似文献   

3.
研究旨在通过比较分析甘蔗及其近缘种割手密和斑茅Ⅲ型过氧化物酶(Prxs)基因差异,探讨这三种植物Prxs功能差异的遗传基础。采用同源克隆方法,成功克隆获得了甘蔗、斑茅和割手密的Prxs基因DNA序列(Genebank登录号分别为KJ001797,KJ001798和KJ001799)。经测序鉴定,克隆获得的这三个基因DNA长度分别为3 030 bp、3 048 bp和3 028 bp,外显子长度均为1 083 bp,其中编码区长度为996 bp,编码331个氨基酸。蛋白质保守结构域分析表明,此三个基因均具有过氧化物酶典型保守结构域,属于依赖于亚铁血红素Ⅲ型过氧化物酶亚类,为目标基因,且在功能位点区域高度保守,只存在一个氨基酸位点差异。基因结构比较分析表明,克隆获得的割手密、斑茅和甘蔗过氧化物酶基因均包含4个外显子,与高粱、玉米和水稻的同源基因外显子个数一致,外显子长度有较小差异,而内含子长度却存在较大差异。高粱、玉米和水稻Prxs同源基因均处在靠近染色体末端的位置,说明此基因存在一定的同线性。本研究结果为深入研究Prxs基因在不同植物中功能差异提供了一定的参考,为研究植物中Prxs基因的进化规律奠定了一定的基础。  相似文献   

4.
斑茅是甘蔗近缘野生种之一,具有较强的抗逆性,研究并开发利用斑茅的强抗逆基因,对甘蔗育种具有重要意义。本研究以高粱Cu/Zn-SOD(登录号:XM 002445626.1)cDNA序列为探针,对甘蔗属EST数据库进行检索、比对、拼接,通过设计特异引物,PCR扩增和序列分析验证,克隆得到2个Cu/Zn-SOD(SaSOD-1a和SaSOD-1b,登录号:KJ001795和KJ001796)基因全序列,其中SaSOD-1a基因组序列全长2 473 bp,SaSOD-1b基因组序列全长2 228 bp,均有8个外显子,7个内含子,其cDNA序列长度均为692 bp,编码206个氨基酸。序列比较分析表明,SaSOD-1a和SaSOD-1b序列相似性为98.6%,有8个单核苷酸多态性位点,蛋白质相似性为99.0%,2个氨基酸变异位点。用推导出的氨基酸序列与其它植物做同源进化分析,与高粱、玉米、谷子等比较均表现出较高的保守性。研究结果可为进一步了解超氧化物歧化酶与斑茅耐旱性的关系奠定基础。  相似文献   

5.
鸟氨酸转氨酶是合成脯氨酸的关键酶之一,在植物适应逆境胁迫中起重要作用。本研究以割手密为研究材料,克隆得到了鸟氨酸转氨酶基因c DNA序列全长,将该基因命名为Ssδ-OAT-2(Gen Bank登陆号:KX714116)。该序列全长1 373 bp,包含一个1 365 bp的开放读码框(ORF),编码454个氨基酸,相对分子质量49.54 k D。同源比对分析表明,Ssδ-OAT-2基因同其近缘属甘蔗的同源性最高(99%),其次是高粱(98%),与其它禾本科植物的同源性约为92%。通过构建与GFP融合表达载体,转洋葱表皮细胞进行瞬时表达,结果表明,该蛋白质主要定位于细胞质和细胞膜上。Ssδ-OAT-2基因的获得为甘蔗抗逆基因工程提供候选基因资源。  相似文献   

6.
SWEET蛋白通过调控植物体内糖分的运输、分配、转化和贮藏,广泛参与植物生长发育及响应病原菌胁迫的生理生化过程。为揭示SWEET基因在甘蔗生长发育及其与赤条病菌互作中的生物学功能,本研究基于甘蔗割手密种全长转录组文库和比较基因组学,根据注释SsSWEET11基因序列设计特异引物,利用RT-PCR技术从甘蔗割手密种cDNA文库中扩增该基因的全长序列,运用多种生物信息工具分析其特征,构建系统进化树;采用不同组织和抗、感赤条病的甘蔗品种分析SsSWEET11的表达模式;利用瞬时表达和亚细胞定位分析SsSWEET11的功能。结果表明,从甘蔗割手密种克隆获得SsSWEET11基因(登录号为OP554214),该基因全长927bp,编码308个氨基酸残基,具有2个MtN3＿saliva结构域和7次跨膜结构域。系统进化树分析显示,SsSWEET11属于SWEET蛋白家族第Ⅲ亚家族成员,与高粱SbSWEET11相似性高达97.41%。qRT-PCR分析表明, ShSWEET11基因在不同组织中组成型表达,在蔗叶和根中表达量显著高于其他组织;赤条病菌胁迫下,ScSWEET11基因在抗病品种ROC22和感...  相似文献   

7.
研究旨在通过克隆甘蔗和斑茅Ⅲ型过氧化物酶基因(Prxs),分析比较2个物种Prxs基因差异,探讨2个物种Prxs功能差异的遗传基础。采用同源克隆方法,以高粱Prxs基因序列为探针,克隆获得甘蔗和斑茅Prxs基因。本研究从斑茅和甘蔗中成功克隆获得了4个Prxs基因cDNA序列,其中斑茅2个基因长度均为1083 bp,存在一个差异位点,甘蔗2个基因长度均为1084 bp,存在11个碱基差异。4个基因开放阅读框均为996 bp,编码331个氨基酸。蛋白质保守结构域分析表明,克隆获得的4个基因均具有Prxs典型保守结构域,为目标基因。系统进化分析表明,克隆获得的基因与高粱、玉米和水稻的同源基因相似性最高,在一些双子叶植物,甚至裸子植物也能找到其同源基因,且氨基酸序列的相似程度与物种分化的程度基本一致,可供植物分类作参考。该试验从斑茅和甘蔗中成功克隆获得了4个Prxs基因cDNA序列,为深入研究Prxs基因在不同植物中功能差异提供了一定的参考。  相似文献   

8.
独脚金内酯(strigolactones, SLs)是一种广泛存在、能够抑制植物分蘖或分枝的植物激素。β-胡萝卜素异构酶(D27)是SLs合成中的关键酶,但是目前关于甘蔗D27基因家族的鉴定与分析鲜有报道。本研究通过挖掘甘蔗原始亲本之一的割手密种基因组数据鉴定了5个割手密种D27基因家族成员。系统进化树分析发现,割手密种D27s分处在3个不同系统发育分支,与高粱D27s高度同源。保守结构域预测揭示,割手密种D27s包含β-胡萝卜素异构酶的典型结构域Pfam:DUF4033。顺式元件分析结果显示,割手密种D27s主要参与调控激素和胁迫响应,以及植物生长发育等。基于甘蔗栽培种转录组数据分析发现,甘蔗割手密种D27基因家族成员(Sspon.06G0012830-1A)的同源基因同时参与甘蔗分蘖调控及黑穗病菌胁迫响应。在此基础上,我们克隆获得了甘蔗栽培种ROC22中的同源基因cDNA序列,命名为ScD27.1 (GenBank登录号为MT499895)。生物信息学分析结果显示, ScD27.1编码266个氨基酸,其蛋白等电点为8.91,分子量为30.00 kD,是不稳定蛋白且定位于叶绿体。二级结构主要包括α-螺旋和无规则卷曲,具有叶绿体转运肽,包含4个泛素化位点和18个磷酸化位点。qRT-PCR表达分析表明,ScD27.1基因受ABA及H2O2显著诱导表达,但对MeJA、SA胁迫响应不明显。亚细胞定位结果显示, ScD27.1蛋白可能定位于细胞膜和叶绿体,参与细胞内膜泡运输或由液泡前体、胞内运输小泡分拣运输。以上研究表明, ScD27.1基因可能参与黑穗病菌侵染诱导的甘蔗分蘖及ABA和H2O2相关信号通路。本研究为了解甘蔗ScD27.1蛋白在胞内运输和分蘖中的作用及其参与甘蔗-黑穗病菌互作提供一定的基础理论。  相似文献   

9.
DREB类转录因子是一类植物中特有的,在非生物逆境胁迫中起重要作用的调控因子。本研究以割手密为材料,采用同源基因克隆的方法克隆获得2个DREB2类转录因子基因Ss DREB2-1和Ss DREB2-2(Gen Bank登录号分别为KU963264和KU963265)。序列分析表明,这2个基因的长度分别为814 bp和709 bp,分别编码262和227个氨基酸;预测其蛋白质分子量分别为28.66 k D和24.95 k D,等电点(PI)分别为5.42和6.47。氨基酸亲水/疏水性分析表明,这2个转录因子属于亲水性蛋白。多序列比对分析表明,两基因序列的相似性为98.7%。原核表达分析表明,这2个基因编码区能正常表达出目的蛋白,说明得到的这2个基因为功能基因而非假基因。  相似文献   

10.
克隆获得生物防治菌棘孢木霉（T. asperellum）ACCC30536 菌株葡聚糖酶基因Glu41 的cDNA序列和DNA序列,cDNA和DNA的GenBank接受号分别为KJ541741 和KJ541742,编码区长度为1134bp,编码378 个氨基酸。克隆获得的启动子序列长度1500bp,含有6 个逆境响应元件。BlastP 相似性分析表明该基因与Glyco-hydrolase-16 家族中棘孢木霉CBS433.97 基因同源性最高相似度是60%,SignalP 信号肽分析显示N端第25 个和第26 个氨基酸中间存在一个信号肽剪切位点（AFA||AP）。Pfam 蛋白家族分析显示它属于Glyco-hydrolase-16 家族的葡聚糖酶基因。将棘孢木霉ACCC30536 菌株葡聚糖酶基因Glu41 基因对Glyco-hydrolase-16 家族中木霉属的CBS433.97 基因组进行同源性搜索,在基因组上获得4个同源序列。4 个同源基因表达中仅有Glu41 在杨树根茎叶粉的诱导条件下表达。表明棘孢木霉葡聚糖酶基因Glu41 与生物防治相关。  相似文献   

11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes.  相似文献   

13.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed.  相似文献   

15.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

16.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

17.
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums.  相似文献   

18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

20.
T. Visser  E. H. Oost 《Euphytica》1981,30(1):65-70
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.  相似文献   

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