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《中国兽医学报》2019,(8)
为确定某养殖场患病死亡狐狸的病原菌,本试验对病死狐狸进行剖检和细菌分离培养、生化鉴定以及16S rDNA鉴定、动物致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,分离菌株为革兰阳性球菌,经过生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列分析,确定分离菌株为小肠肠球菌,并命名为E.hirae QHD-1;动物回归试验结果显示,分离菌株E.hirae QHD-1对小鼠具有较强的致病性,LD_(50)为1.26×10~4 CFU;药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株E.hirae QHD-1对氨苄西林和恩诺沙星等药物敏感,对替米考星、阿米卡星等耐药;毒力因子检测结果显示,该分离株具有较强的致病力。毛皮动物小肠肠球菌的感染病例尚未见有报道,本试验丰富了狐狸病原菌相关的研究,并为防控该菌引起的疾病提供了重要参考资料。 相似文献
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为探究重庆地区中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)脾脏结节症的病因及防控措施,本研究对发病大鲵进行了临床剖检及病理组织学观察,并采用微生物学方法从其肝脏、脾脏中分离病原菌,通过人工感染试验确定分离菌株的致病性,并对菌株的基本形态、理化特性、分子特征及药物敏感性等进行了系统研究。结果显示,患病大鲵脾脏有大量白色结节,质脆,病理切片发现脾组织有出血及丝网状纤维素分布,淋巴细胞部分消失;肝细胞肿胀、变性。从肝脏中分离到1 株病原菌,命名为KNL-1。人工感染试验发现,该菌对试验鲫鱼和大鲵均有较强的致病力,试验动物死亡率高达100%,大鲵发病症状与临床自然发病症状一致,确认为该病的致病菌。综合分离菌的16SrDNA 序列测定、培养特性、生化试验及BIOFOSUN-GN 系统鉴定结果,确定KNL-1 为杀鲑气单胞菌杀日本鲑亚种(Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. masoucida)。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对头孢氨苄、卡那霉素、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、先锋霉素、新霉素、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、米诺环素、丁胺卡那霉素和氟苯尼考高度敏感;对氨苄西林、麦迪霉素和羧苄西林耐药。 相似文献
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为了查明2016年3月份河南省洛阳市某大鲵(Andrias davidianus)养殖厂发生大规模疫病的原因,试验采用平板划线法从患病大鲵中分离细菌,结合革兰氏染色镜检、透射电镜观察、16S rDNA序列分析及遗传进化树构建对其进行鉴定,并对代表株进行生长曲线的测定及人工感染试验以鉴定其致病性,最后进行药敏试验测定水产常用药物的抑菌效果。结果表明:从大鲵组织中共分离出5株细菌,编号为HN1～HN5,均为革兰氏阴性短杆菌,且有一根鞭毛;5株细菌与杀鲑气单胞菌(Aeromonas salmonicida)序列的相似度高达99%,为同种菌株,鉴定其均为杀鲑气单胞菌;代表株HN3菌株与杀鲑气单胞菌LMG 22214株(NR_115351.1)同源性最高; HN3菌株在培养6 h后进入对数生长期,42 h后进入稳定期;HN3菌株为大鲵的病原菌,且对甲砜霉素和恩诺沙星极度敏感,对氟苯尼考、复方新诺明、多西环素高度敏感,对磺胺二甲氧嘧啶钠等4种药物中度敏感,对磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠等3种药物有耐药性。 相似文献
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中药与抗菌药物联用对猪源大肠杆菌耐药性的抑制作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探讨中药与抗菌药物联用对大肠杆菌耐药性的作用效果,本研究对河南部分地区采集的样品(50份)进行分离鉴定、生化试验及致病性试验,对分离鉴定后的致病性猪大肠杆菌选用12种中药采用K-B法进行耐药性检测,将筛选出来的中药与抗生素进行中西联用对致病性大肠杆菌做体外抑菌试验,并分析中西药联用对大肠杆菌的抑制作用。结果显示,采集的50份样品有23株菌符合大肠杆菌的分离培养特性和生化特性,且23株菌均为致病性大肠杆菌;通过耐药性检测,23株试验菌株对测试的中药均有不同程度的耐药性,其中试验菌株对甘草耐药率最高(82.6%),其次为生地(78.2%),而对黄柏(17.3%)和白头翁(21.7%)耐药性较低,具有一定的敏感性;体外抑菌试验结果发现,中药与抗生素联用均有不同程度的抑菌效果,其中黄柏、白头翁与抗菌药物联用的抑菌效果最明显。以上结果说明中药与抗菌药物联用不仅可以抑制大肠杆菌的耐药性,还可以延缓大肠杆菌耐药性的产生。 相似文献
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为了探讨中药与抗菌药物联用对大肠杆菌耐药性的作用效果，本研究对河南部分地区采集的样品（50份）进行分离鉴定、生化试验及致病性试验，对分离鉴定后的致病性猪大肠杆菌选用12种中药采用K-B法进行耐药性检测，将筛选出来的中药与抗生素进行中西联用对致病性大肠杆菌做体外抑菌试验，并分析中西药联用对大肠杆菌的抑制作用。结果显示，采集的50份样品有23株菌符合大肠杆菌的分离培养特性和生化特性，且23株菌均为致病性大肠杆菌；通过耐药性检测，23株试验菌株对测试的中药均有不同程度的耐药性，其中试验菌株对甘草耐药率最高（82.6%），其次为生地（78.2%），而对黄柏（17.3%）和白头翁（21.7%）耐药性较低，具有一定的敏感性；体外抑菌试验结果发现，中药与抗生素联用均有不同程度的抑菌效果，其中黄柏、白头翁与抗菌药物联用的抑菌效果最明显。以上结果说明中药与抗菌药物联用不仅可以抑制大肠杆菌的耐药性，还可以延缓大肠杆菌耐药性的产生。 相似文献
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为了调查内蒙古通辽市某羊场发病羊死亡的原因,对疑似致病菌进行分离、鉴定及部分生物学特性研究。对病死羊进行剖检,无菌条件下采集心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏等组织脏器进行细菌分离培养;对分离菌进行小鼠致病性试验、细菌生化检测、16S rDNA基因扩增及同源性比对分析和药物纸片扩散法敏感性试验。结果显示,分离菌株符合肺炎克雷伯菌生化特性;16S rDNA序列与GenBank中已登录的肺炎克雷伯杆菌序列同源性为99.59%;小鼠致病性试验结果表明分离株有较强的致死性;分离株携带多种毒力基因致病性较强。药敏试验结果表明分离株对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、多西环素等药物高度敏感,对复方新诺明、卡那霉素等中度敏感,对庆大霉素、头孢哌酮、头孢氨苄等耐药。结果表明,分离株为肺炎克雷伯菌,是该羊场发病羊死亡的致病菌。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。 相似文献
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