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3个地方鸡种的核型及其似近系数分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
运用外周血淋巴细胞培养法，对我国3个地方鸡种(仙居鸡、北京油鸡、狼山鸡)染色体核型进行了研究，结果显示：仙居鸡、北京油鸡、狼山鸡染色体形态十分相似，No．1、No．2、No．8、Z、W染色体都为m型；No．6染色体都为sm型；No．3、No．5、No．7、No．9染色体都为t型，仅在No．4染色体形态和W染色体的相对长度表现出一定的差异。此外，核型似近系数和进化距离聚类分析表明，7个地方鸡种(另收集了鹿苑鸡、寿光鸡、泰和鸡和旧院黑鸡的资料)可分为3个类群，其结果与起源进化，产地分布大致相同。 相似文献
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采用外周血淋巴细胞培养-空气干燥法制备染色体标本,对金定鸭染色体核型和带型进行了研究。核型研究结果表明:金定鸭体细胞染色体数目2n=78,染色体基本臂数为NF=84(♂)或NF=83(♀),1号染色体为亚中央着丝粒染色体,2号染色体为中央着丝粒染色体,Z染色体具有明显短臂,属亚端着丝粒染色体,其余常染色体和W性染色体均为端着丝粒染色体;性染色体按大小顺序排列,Z为4号,W为7～8号。C-带研究发现:W染色体整条深染,极易识别。Ag-NORs研究结果表明:Ag-NORs常位于1号、2号、3号、6号染色体及Z染色体和一对小染色体上,Ag-NORs数目分布范围为1～6,平均每个细胞的Ag-NORs数雌鸭中为3.04雄鸭中为3.06。 相似文献
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通过对珠颈斑鸠的核型进行分析,与已报道的几种鸽形目禽类相比较,发现其核型基本一致.珠颈斑鸠染色体的核型公式为2N=80=12 m 2st 64t Zm Wm,包括10对大染色体(8对常染色体及Z、W染色体),30对小染色体.珠颈斑鸠的染色体核型与山斑鸠、灰斑鸠及家鸽一样都具有3对最大的常染色体,Z、W染色体为中央着丝粒(m)染色体.Z染色体的相对长度位于第4号,W染色体的相对长度位于第5和第6号之间.这种特征为大多数鸟类核型所共有,表明它们的染色体具有显著的同源性和相当的保守性. 相似文献
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家鸡(Gallus domesticus)和鹌鹑(Coturnix coturnix)染色体核型及G带比较分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用外周血淋巴细胞培养法和胰酶处理法，对家鸡和鹌鹑染色体的核型和G带进行了研究。结果表明，家鸡和鹌鹑染色体数目均为2n=78，但染色体的形态存在明显差异，主要表现在NO．1、NO．4、NO．6、NO．8和Z染色体上。NO．1染色体，家鸡为m型，而鹌鹑为sm型；NO．4、NO．6、NO．8和Z染色体，家鸡分别为sm、sm、m、m型，而鹌鹑全为t型。G带分析结果显示，家鸡和鹌鹑的G带差异主要反映在NO．1、NO．2染色体上，这可能是由于臂间倒位所致。 相似文献
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试验选用1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡和北京油鸡公雏各72只。检测新城疫抗体效价,牛血清白蛋白抗体水平,外周血T、B淋巴细胞转化率以及T淋巴细胞亚群等指标。结果表明:北京油鸡二免后第7天的新城疫抗体效价和二免后第6天的牛血清白蛋白抗体水平都比AA肉鸡的高,但均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。北京油鸡的脂多糖(LPS)刺激指数始终比AA肉鸡的高(P>0.05);21日龄时,北京油鸡的刀豆素(A ConA)刺激指数、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞数量以及CD4+/CD8+都比AA肉鸡的高,但均无显著性差异(P>0.05);而42日龄时,AA肉鸡的ConA刺激指数、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞数量以及CD4+/CD8+却高于北京油鸡(P<0.05)。本试验结果提示,AA肉鸡和北京油鸡的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能之间存在一定的差异,但差异不显著。 相似文献
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采用骨髓法制备经营田鼠染色体标本片,并对其染色体核型和G带进行分析。结果表明,经营田鼠体细胞染色体数为2n=38,雄性染色体核型由18对常染色体和1对异配型性染色体XY组成,雌性为18对常染色体和1对同配型性染色体XX组成。1～9号为端着丝粒（t）染色体（包括Y染色体）,10号为近端着丝粒（st）染色体,11～18号为中央着丝粒（m）染色体（包括X色体）。19对染色体共分布有370条G带（雄性365条）,其中深带190条,浅带180条。因此,经营田鼠的染色体数目、G带具有明显种的特征,与其他鼠类不同。 相似文献
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C Ratanasethkul C Riddell R E Salmon J B O''Neil 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1976,40(4):360-369
Rations containing 25% of either regular rapeseed oil (36% erucic acid), Oro rapeseed oil (1.9% erucic acid), soybean oil or a mixture of lard and corn oil were fed to chickens, ducks and turkeys. The regular rapeseed oil ration caused growth depression, increased feed conversion and anemia in all species. All the ducks and some of the chickens fed the regular rapeseed oil ration died. These dead birds were affected with hydropericardium and ascites. No deaths in the turkeys could be attributed to the regular rapeseed oil ration but some turkeys fed this ration had degenerative foci characterized by infiltrations of histiocytic and giant cells in the myocardium. Severe fatty change in the heart, skeletal muscles, spleen and kidney was found at an early age in all birds fed the regular rapeseed oil ration. Less severe fatty change but no other lesions were found in birds fed the Oro rapeseed oil and soybean oil rations. 相似文献
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Ok-Mi Jeong Min-Chul Kim Min-Jeong Kim Hyun-Mi Kang Hye-Ryoung Kim Yong-Joo Kim Seong-Joon Joh Jun-Hun Kwon Youn-Jeong Lee 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2009,10(1):53-60
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) of the H5N1 subtype have spread since 2003 in poultry and wild birds in Asia, Europe and Africa. In Korea, the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks took place in 2003/2004, 2006/2007 and 2008. As the 2006/2007 isolates differ phylogenetically from the 2003/2004 isolates, we assessed the clinical responses of chickens, ducks and quails to intranasal inoculation of the 2006/2007 index case virus, A/chicken/Korea/IS/06. All the chickens and quails died on 3 days and 3-6 days post-inoculation (DPI), respectively, whilst the ducks only showed signs of mild depression. The uninoculated chickens and quails placed soon after with the inoculated flock died on 5.3 and 7.5 DPI, respectively. Both oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were taken for all three species during various time intervals after inoculation. It was found that oropharyngeal swabs showed higher viral titers than in cloacal swabs applicable to all three avian species. The chickens and quails shed the virus until they died (up to 3 to 6 days after inoculation, respectively) whilst the ducks shed the virus on 2-4 DPI. The postmortem tissues collected from the chickens and quails on day 3 and days 4-5 and from clinically normal ducks that were euthanized on day 4 contained the virus. However, the ducks had significantly lower viral titers than the chickens or quails. Thus, the three avian species varied significantly in their clinical signs, mortality, tissue virus titers, and duration of virus shedding. Our observations suggest that duck and quail farms should be monitored particularly closely for the presence of HPAIV so that further virus transmission to other avian or mammalian hosts can be prevented. 相似文献
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1. This research evaluated differences in hepatic in vitro metabolism of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on selected avian species. 2. Microsomal and cytosolic liver fractions were obtained from chickens, ducks, quails and turkeys; eight males and eight females of each. 3. All microsomes studied produced AFB1-8,9-exo-epoxide (AFBO), a metabolite regarded as the active product of AFB1. Turkey microsomes produced 1.8 and 3.5 times more AFBO than quails and chickens microsomes, respectively. 4. Males from evaluated birds produced more AFBO than females, but statistically-significant differences between genders were observed only in ducks and turkeys. 5. The cytosolic fraction from all four species produced aflatoxicol (AFL). Turkey and duck hepatic cytosol produced more AFL than from quail and chickens. 6. It is known that turkeys are very sensitive to AFB1, quails are intermediate and chickens are particularly resistant; the differences in AFBO production shown in our study may help to explain the difference in vivo responses among turkeys, quail and chickens. 7. Moreover, AFL may be related to AFB1 toxicity; it was produced in larger amounts by hepatic cytosol from the more susceptible species. 8. Because AFBO production by microsomes in ducks was relatively low, it is possible that other toxicity mechanisms are involved in this highly susceptible species. 相似文献
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Twenty chicks, 12 turkey poults and 10 ducklings, all 5 weeks old were infected with 2 × 103.5 chick LD50 IBD virus to determine the course of the virus in the 3 poultry species. Uninfected control birds were kept separately. Two
infected and 2 control birds/species were euthanized at time intervals between 3 and 168 hours post infection (pi). Sections
of thymus, bursa of Fabricius, spleen, liver, kidney, proventriculus and ceacal tonsil were stained for the detection of IBD
virus antigen using immunoperoxidase technique. IBD virus antigen positive cells stained reddish-brown and the amount of such
cells in tissue sections were noted and scored. Stained cells were present in all organs examined for up to 168 hours pi in
the 3 poultry species except ceacal tonsils of ducks at 72 and 120 hours pi. Antigen score was highest in chickens and least
in ducks as reflected by average of total scores/sampling time of 12, 10.8 and 8 in chickens, turkeys and ducks respectively.
Total antigen score/sampling time in infected chickens peaked twice; 24/48 and 144 hours pi, whereas such bi-phasic peaks
were absent in turkeys and ducks. Range of total antigen score at different sampling times was 7–17.5 in chickens, 10–13 in
turkeys and 7–10 in ducks indicative of marked viral replication in chickens. Presence of IBD viral antigen in organs of all
3 poultry species is indicative of infections. The innate ability of turkeys and ducks to prevent appreciable replication
of IBD virus after infection requires further investigation. 相似文献