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猪流感的流行动态与控制措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪流感 (ＳＩ)是由正粘病毒科猪流感病毒 (ＳＩＶ)引起的一种急性、高度接触传染性的呼吸道疾病。单纯ＳＩ主要表现为病毒性肺炎及其他呼吸器官的炎症变化。如果混合感染病情就严重的多。1 猪流感病毒猪是流感病毒的主要宿主之一。流感病毒的二个主要亚型Ｈ1Ｎ1和Ｈ3Ｎ2流行于欧洲和亚洲的猪群之中。然而 ,这一病毒的流行病学非常复杂 ,而且欧洲和亚洲流行的毒株及其临床症状是不同的。猪流感病毒是少见的能独自导致发病和肺部病变的猪呼吸道主要病原体之—。引起猪流感的病毒属正粘病毒科Ａ型流感病毒 ,已经发现和鉴定的Ａ型猪流感病毒血… 相似文献
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猪流感病毒分子生物学研究进展 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
猪流感病毒主要引起一种急性高度接触传染性的群发性呼吸道疾病。论文主要论述了猪流感病毒分子生物学特性、基因组结构及其功能等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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一株欧洲类禽H1N1猪流感病毒的分离鉴定与反向遗传系统的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪流感是猪常见的呼吸道传染病,临床以高热、呼吸困难、咳嗽和衰竭、迅速康复或死亡为特征。猪流感不仅给养猪业造成巨大损失,也严重威胁着人类健康。本研究从发病猪场中分离到1株H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,序列分析结果显示,分离毒株属于欧洲类禽猪流感H1N1亚型病毒。将分离毒株分别接种到MDCK与ST细胞,观察病毒的生长特性,结果显示分离的猪流感病毒在ST细胞中复制能力较强。采用RT-PCR技术分别扩增8个基因片段,克隆到流感病毒反向遗传系统,成功拯救出猪流感病毒毒株,测序结果显示拯救的猪流感病毒与亲本毒序列一致。本研究成功分离的猪流感病毒,以及建立的反向遗传技术为研究欧洲类禽猪流感病毒跨种传播的机制以及研发新型猪流感疫苗株奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医杂志》2021,(1)
猪流感病毒(Swineinfluenza virus,SIV)主要包括H1亚型和H3亚型,是导致猪流感的主要病毒亚型,在中国猪群中广为传播,为养猪业带来重大经济影响。为了解安阳市地区猪流感的情况,我们收集了2018～2019年安阳市各地共1169份猪血清,采用ELISA酶联免疫检测方法,检测了安阳市猪群中猪流感病毒H1亚型和H3亚型的感染情况。结果显示,H1亚型的猪流感病毒最高感染率为70.44%,主要分布在北关区;H3亚型的猪流感病毒最高感染率为36.90%,主要分布在林州区;H1亚型和H3亚型混合感染率最高为34.52%,也位于林州区。本研究结果表明2018～2019年安阳市SIV感染比较普遍,类禽型猪H1亚型的感染率较高,H3亚型的感染率相对较低,同时也存在混合感染的现象。 相似文献
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<正>猪流行性感冒(Swine influenza)是由猪流感病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染病。临床上主要表现为猪突然发病、发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难,然后又迅速康复为主要特征,病情在短时间内可以感染全群。本病最早于1918年在美国中北部流行,其病理变化和临床症状与当时正流行的人流感非常相似。直到1931年才分离到第一株猪流感病毒。迄今猪流感已遍及世界各地,我国大部分地区的血清学调查结果显示。猪流感病毒在我 相似文献
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崔晓华 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2009,(7):7-8
猪流感是目前危害全世界养猪业的重要呼吸道疾病之一,目前猪流感病毒的主要流行毒株有3种亚型:H1N1、H1N2、H3N2.本文对这3种亚型病毒所引起猪流感的流行情况,及其在公共卫生方面的意义作一综述. 相似文献
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甲型H1N1流感的特点及其防控 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甲型H1N1流感病毒是2009年3月墨西哥出现的一种新型流感病毒。此后不久,这种病毒造成世界范围内的蔓延。论文分析总结了甲型H1N1流感病毒与1918年流感病毒的相似性以及表现出的新特点,归纳了这种病毒的潜在危害性。此外,介绍了甲型H1N1流感的防控策略,主要包括加强猪群监控,流感疫苗和抗流感病毒药物治疗。 相似文献
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The vagus nerve is one route of transneural invasion for intranasally inoculated influenza a virus in mice 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Matsuda K Park CH Sunden Y Kimura T Ochiai K Kida H Umemura T 《Veterinary pathology》2004,41(2):101-107
Intranasally inoculated neurotropic influenza viruses in mice infect not only the respiratory tract but also the central nervous system (CNS), mainly the brain stem. Previous studies suggested that the route of invasion of virus into the CNS was via the peripheral nervous system, especially the vagus nerve. To evaluate the transvagal transmission of the virus, we intranasally inoculated unilaterally vagectomized mice with a virulent influenza virus (strain 24a5b) and examined the distribution of the viral protein and genome by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization over time. An asymmetric distribution of viral antigens was observed between vagal (nodose) ganglia: viral antigen was detected in the vagal ganglion of the vagectomized side 2 days later than in the vagal ganglion of the intact side. The virus was apparently transported from the respiratory mucosa to the CNS directly and decussately via the vagus nerve and centrifugally to the vagal ganglion of the vagectomized side. The results of this study, thus, demonstrate that neurotropic influenza virus travels to the CNS mainly via the vagus nerve. 相似文献
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流感病毒核酸检测方法研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
流感病毒可以引起人和动物高度接触性传染性疾病,对公共卫生和畜禽养殖业均造成极大的威胁.因此,准确而又快速的诊断方法对流感的防控起着非常重要的作用.近年来,流感病毒的核酸诊断技术发展较快,主要有RT-PCR、实时荧光定量RT-PCR、基因芯片、逆转录环介导等温扩增(RT-LAMP)等.论文对这些诊断技术的基本原理和应用现... 相似文献
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Avian influenza A H5N1 infections in cats 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Although cats had been considered resistant to disease from influenza virus infection, domestic cats and large felids are now known to be naturally und experimentally susceptible to infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 (HPAIV H5N1). The virus causes systemic infection, lung and liver being the mainly affected organs. Infected cats show fever, depression, dyspnoea, and neurological signs, but subclinical infections have also occurred. Mostly, cats have been infected by direct contact with affected birds, especially by eating raw poultry; transmission from cat to cat may also occur. Little is known about the role of cats in the epidemiology of the virus. So far, no reassortment between avian and mammalian influenza viruses has occurred in cats, but experts fear that cats might give the virus an opportunity to adapt to mammals. This publication gives a review on avian influenza in cats with a focus on practical aspects for veterinarians. 相似文献
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In order to study the best propagation parameters of H1N1 subtype influenza virus in chicken embryo,this study was conducted to research the effects of egg selection and preservation before hatching and hatching parameters setting on production of H1N1 subtype influenza virus.In the egg selection and preservation,we mainly investigated the egg weight,egg shape index,storage period,disinfection time and method and other factors,the results showed that egg weight of 55 to 65 g,egg shape index of 1.30 to 1.35,egg storage period of 1 to 4 d,storage temperature of 16 to 18 ℃,humidity of 70% to 80%,during storage period,eggs formaldehyde fumigation time 30 min,we could provide the best eggs for H1N1 subtype influenza vaccine production.The effect of hatching parameters on production of H1N1 subtype influenza virus,this experiment mainly investigaed incubation temperature,humidity,times of turning over eggs,aeration and other parameters,the results showed that in the production of H1N1 subtype influenza virus,the optimal parameter set to hatch:temperature 1 to 7 d was 38.2 ℃,8 to 9 d was 38.0 ℃,10 d was 37.8 ℃;Humidity was 65% to 70% from 1 to 10 d;Turning over eggs frequency was 1 times/2 h,before and after each dip 45°;1 to 5 d aeration set to 4,6 to 10 d set to 5.The results provided quality chicken hatchery technology for H1N1 subtype influenza vaccine production in order to ensure the quality and yield of allantoic fluid. 相似文献
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为了研究最佳的H1N1亚型流感病毒鸡胚增殖参数,本试验进行了孵化前种蛋的选择与保存、鸡胚孵化中各参数设定等因素对H1N1亚型流感病毒产毒量影响的研究。其中种蛋的选择与保存,主要考察了蛋重、蛋形指数、保存期、消毒时间及方法等因素,结果显示,蛋重为55~65 g,蛋形指数为1.30~1.35,种蛋保存期为1~4 d,保存温度为16~18 ℃,保存湿度为70%~80%,保存期种蛋的甲醛熏蒸消毒时间为30 min时,可以为H1N1亚型流感疫苗生产提供最佳的种蛋。孵化过程中孵化参数对H1N1亚型流感病毒产毒量的影响,本试验主要将孵化温度、湿度、翻蛋、通风等参数作为研究对象,结果显示在生产H1N1亚型流感疫苗时,最佳孵化参数设定为:温度1~7 d为38.2 ℃、8~9 d为38.0 ℃、10 d为37.8 ℃,湿度1~10 d为65%~70%,翻蛋频率为1次/2 h,前后倾角各为45°,通风风门设定为1~5 d为4、6~10 d为5。本试验结果为H1N1亚型流感疫苗生产提供优质的鸡胚孵化技术,确保鸡胚尿囊液的质量和收获量。 相似文献
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为了解灵缇犬对马流感病毒A/Equine/Huabei/01/2007(H3N8)的易感性,将马流感病毒培养液以1.0 mL(含105.7EID50)经静脉途径接种4条灵缇犬,另以2.0 mL(含2×105.7EID50)经滴鼻、点眼方式接种3条灵缇犬。采用临床症状和病理学观察、免疫酶组织化学染色技术、病毒分离、HI抗体检测和流感病毒受体类型检测技术,对病毒在灵缇犬体内的感染情况进行了系统研究。结果表明,感染的7条犬在整个试验观察期间体温等临床指标均无异常变化,未见明显的肉眼和组织学病变。感染后5 d,4条感染犬的气管、支气管和细支气管上皮细胞内流感病毒M蛋白均为阳性,1条犬的咽拭子病毒分离结果为阳性,1条犬的马流感病毒H3亚型HI抗体阳性。感染后14d,剩余3条感染犬中有2条犬马流感病毒H3亚型HI抗体呈阳性。试验证明,目前流行的A/Equine/Huabei/01/2007(H3N8)病毒可以感染灵缇犬,但不导致灵缇犬出现明显的临床症状。灵缇犬的喉头、气管上皮细胞具有与马流感病毒结合的SAα2,3 Gal受体。 相似文献
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The natural reservoir of all known subtypes of influenza A viruses are aquatic birds, mainly of the orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes in which the infection is asymptomatic and the viruses stay at an evolutionary equilibrium. However, mammals may occasionally contract influenza A virus infections from this pool. This article summarizes: (i) natural infections in mammals including pigs, horses, marine mammals, ferrets, minks; (ii) results from experimental infections in several animal models including mice, ferrets, primates, rats, minks, hamsters and (iii) evidence for the increased pathogenicity of the current influenza A H5N1/Asia viruses for mammals. Several reports have shown that a number of mammalian species, including pigs, cats, ferrets, minks, whales, seals and finally also man are susceptible to natural infection with influenza A viruses of purely avian genetic make up. Among the mammalian species naturally susceptible to avian influenza virus the pig and the cat might exert the greatest potential public health impact. Despite numerous studies in animal and cell culture models, the basis of the extended host spectrum and the unusual pathogenicity of the influenza A H5N1 viruses for mammals is only beginning to be unraveled. Recently, also the transmission of equine influenza A virus to greyhound racing dogs has been documented. 相似文献
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The genome of influenza A virus consists of eight negative-stranded RNA segments which contain one or two coding regions flanked by the 3' and 5' non-coding regions (NCRs). Despite the importance of NCRs in replication and pathogenesis of influenza virus, sequencing of influenza virus genome has mainly been focused on coding regions of the individual genes and very limited NCR sequences are available. In this study, we sequenced the NCRs of seven influenza A virus strains of different host origin and varying pathogenicity using two recently developed methods [de Wit, E., Bestebroer, T.M., Spronken, M.I., Rimmelzwaan, G.F., Osterhaus, A.D., Fouchier, R.A., 2007. Rapid sequencing of the non-coding regions of influenza A virus. J. Virol. Methods 139, 85-89; Szymkowiak, C., Kwan, W.S., Su, Q., Toner, T.J., Shaw, A.R., Youil, R., 2003. Rapid method for the characterization of 3' and 5' UTRs of influenza viruses. J. Virol. Methods 107, 15-20]. In addition to sequence and length variation present in the segment-specific NCRs among different influenza strains, we also observed sequence variations at the fourth nucleotide of 3' NCR of polymerase genes. To evaluate the role of sequence change in the NCRs in reporter gene expression, we introduced mutations at the NCRs of two polymerase gene segments, PB1 and PA, and created the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter plasmids. By measuring the GFP expression level, we confirmed that single or two mutations introduced at the 3' and 5' NCRs of PB1 and PA gene could alter the protein expression levels. Our study reaffirms the importance of NCRs in influenza virus replication and further analysis of their roles will lead to better understanding of influenza pathogenesis. 相似文献