首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
试验于 1998年 7月 20日进行,此时正值甜菜夜蛾二至三龄盛发期。每公顷喷药液 750 kg。药后 1 d、 3 d、 7 d和 14 d的校正死亡率,每公顷用乐斯本 48%乳油 540 ml的,分别为 50.9%、 63.3%、 71.9%和 59.0%,用 40%辛硫磷乳油 450 ml的,分别为 41.4%、 55.3%、 73.9%和 60.4%;用万灵 90%可溶性粉剂 270 g的,分别为 62.3%、 78.7%、 93.6%和 87.7%;用巴丹 98%可溶性粉剂 300 g的,分别为 48.5%、 78.8%、 90.7%和 84.1%;用高效灭百可 10%乳油 20 ml的,分别为 60.2%、 81.0%、 88.2%和 79.7%;用百树得 5.7…  相似文献   

2.
几种化学物质诱导黄瓜对霜霉病的抗性   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
在黄瓜幼苗子叶期及第1真叶期用苯酚、水杨酸、无水对氨基苯磺酸和氯化钾进行诱导接种,可使黄瓜植株产生对霜霉病的抗病性。在自然病原激发病害的试验中,经上述4种化学物质诱导的植株,其病株率比CK分别降低30%、0%、20%和20%;病叶率发别降低20.61%、6.80%、31.62%和20.72%;相对免疫效果分别为21.73%、35.19%、59.61%和40.84%。在人工接种病原激发病害试验中,经上述4种化学物质诱导的植株,其病株率分别降低28.57%、42.86%、57.14%和28.57%;病叶率分别降低89.13%、63.13%、72.96%和82.75%;相对免疫效果分别为91.15%、33.33%、55.99%和52.81%。  相似文献   

3.
氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂与阿维菌素混配防治甜菜夜蛾   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用19%杀虫威·阿维乳油、15%杀虫威·阿维乳油、15%丁硫克百威·阿维乳油、20%异丙威·阿维乳油、20%灭蚜威·阿维乳油1 000倍液田间防治甜菜夜蛾幼虫,其药后1-7 d的校正防效分别为82.13%-90.05%、75.97%-83.50%、70.58%-78.71%、74.50%-82.28%、77.59%-83.97%。  相似文献   

4.
小麦光腥黑粉菌热力杀菌的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
本试验对小麦光腥黑粉菌冬孢子粉在90℃,100℃,110℃,120℃,125℃,130℃,135℃和140℃进行了干热杀菌试验,在70℃,相对湿度70%,75%,80%,85%,90%,75℃,相对湿度65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,80℃,相对湿度55%,65%,70%,75%,85%;85℃,相对湿度60%,65%,70%,80%,90%进行了湿热杀菌试验,并通过焓增量值同杀菌时间TD  相似文献   

5.
为了寻找安全高效防治芹菜、苦瓜、西葫芦蚜虫的生物农药,我们通过田间药效试验研究了苦参碱对芹菜、苦瓜、西葫芦蚜虫的防治效果.结果表明,苦参碱1.5%可溶液剂防治芹菜、苦瓜、西葫芦蚜虫,用量45、6.75、9.0g a.i./hm2,药后1、7、14d调查,芹菜蚜虫防效20.4%~24.1%、90.8%~96.8%、66.5%~86.7%;苦瓜蚜虫防效18.0%~23.7%、91.9%~95.6%、73.0%~87.7%;西葫芦蚜虫防效22.0%~25.6%、75.6%~79.6%、80.3%~84.5%.苦参碱1.5%可溶液剂对芹菜、苦瓜、西葫芦蚜虫具有良好的防治效果.  相似文献   

6.
通过田间药效试验,明确5种有机磷类杀虫剂与阿维菌素的混配制剂对甜菜夜蛾的防治效果。30%毒死蜱·阿维乳油、30%丙溴磷·阿维乳油、39%辛硫磷·阿维乳油、38%乙酰甲胺磷·阿维乳油、40%马拉硫磷·阿维乳油1000倍液药后1~7 d对甜菜夜蛾幼虫的校正防效分别为88.46%~92.37%、60.40%~84.62%、73.24%~85.15%、60.77%~76.66%、56.63%~76.73%。30%毒死蜱·阿维乳油对甜菜夜蛾防效最好,其次为39%辛硫磷·阿维乳油。  相似文献   

7.
实验表明:甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐1%微乳剂2500、3000、3500倍液,在施药后1d,对苹小卷叶蛾的防效分别为88.37%、88.37%、60.47%;施药后4d防效分别为94.36%、90.26%、80.00%;施药后7d防效分别为96.92%、92.31%、86.15%;施药后10d防效分别为98.20%、96.85%、90.54%;对照药剂虫酰肼·毒20%乳油2000倍液。药后1d、4d、7d、10d防效分别为60.47%、75.38%、78.46%、85.14%;对照药剂氟铃脲·辛20%乳油1d、4d、7d、10d防效分别为67.44%、80.00%、83.07%、87.84%。  相似文献   

8.
品牌农药: 红大阳高峰: 1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐 EC 大力士: 20%吡虫啉 SL 路路通: 12%高氯·毒 EC 高效大功臣: 5%高渗吡虫啉 WP 大功臣: 10%吡虫啉 WP 杀螨特: 15%哒螨灵 EC 杀螨特: 20%哒螨灵 WP 状元星: 2.5%溴氰 EC 独家星: 50%毒·甲·辛 EC 小康: 10%氯氟氰 WP 惊雷: 10%顺式氯氰 EC 福乐庆: 5.7%氟氯氰 EC 绿色威雷Ⅱ: 8%氯氰菊酯微胶囊剂 杀灭菊酯: 20%氰戊菊酯 EC 节节高: 5%溴氰 WP 大将军: 5%顺式氯氰 EC 绿状元: 4.5%高氯 EC 辛硫磷: 40%辛硫磷 EC 同花顺: 40.7%毒死…  相似文献   

9.
2011年用65%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂、70%甲基托布津可湿性粉剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂和75%百菌清可湿性粉剂等4种药剂对茶园赤星病进行药剂试验。结果表明,50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、75%百菌清可湿性粉剂、70%甲基托布津可湿性粉剂和65%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂对茶赤星痛的防治效果分别为86.18%、71.53%、66.49%和59.52%。  相似文献   

10.
李复宁 《植物保护》1991,17(2):30-30
小麦条锈病Puccinia striiformis West.严重度分级标准,目前在我国应用最多的是《农作物主要病虫测报办法》(以下简称《办法》)中的分级标准(分5%以下、5%、10%、25%、40%、65%、80%和100%8级)。这个分级标准,级别较多级距较乱,难于记忆。商鸿生等(1990)虽然作了改进(分级标准为1%、5%、10%、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%8级),但笔者认为这个标准仍较麻烦,对于在基层仍不适用。因此,笔者根据多年的实践经验,制定出既能反映真实情况,又简便易行的新的分级标准(定名为简易分级标准),即5%以下、10—20%、30—40%、50—80%、80—100%5级(参见分级标准图)。  相似文献   

11.
The neuropeptide AF2 has a complex set of actions on the dorsal muscle strip of Ascaris suum, including a potentiation of the acetylcholine-stimulated muscle contraction. Caffeine at 100 μm and 5 mm inhibited this potentiation, as did 100 μm theophylline in two out of six studies. The cyclic-AMP-potentiating compounds IBMX, dibutyryl cAMP and forskolin had no effect on the AF2-induced potentiation of the acetylcholine-stimulated muscle contraction. These preliminary data suggest that the potentiating action of AF2 is not mediated by a cAMP pathway.  相似文献   

12.
厚朴病虫害种类的初步调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用标准地法和线路调查法,对湖北恩施市新塘乡双河厚朴基地的厚朴病虫害进行了系统调查,记录主要虫害13种,其中叶部害虫9种,枝干害虫2种,根部害虫2种。厚朴主要病害5种。藤壶蚧、厚朴枝角叶蜂和厚朴新丽斑蚜为湖北省首次报道,小绿叶蝉为厚朴新寄主记录种。同时记录了藤壶蚧的天敌6种,其中寄生小蜂2种,瓢虫4种;厚朴新丽斑蚜的天敌昆虫8种。对藤壶蚧、厚朴枝角叶蜂和厚朴苗木根腐病等重要病虫害的发生规律进行了初步调查,同时提出了防治建议。  相似文献   

13.
The effects of timing and method of application of Penicillium oxalicum on the control of fusarium wilt of tomato were investigated. Application of P. oxalicum to tomato seedlings in seedbeds reduced disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in a growth chamber by 45–49% and in glasshouse experiments by 22–69%. Disease suppression was maintained for 60–100 days after inoculation with the pathogen in the glasshouse. No disease reduction was observed in tomato plants where P. oxalicum was applied to seeds. Treatment with P. oxalicum did not affect the population of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in the rhizosphere.  相似文献   

14.
棉花黄萎病菌致病型的AFLP分析   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
 选用41个棉花黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)代表菌系,在温室条件下,对4个棉花品种鄂荆1号(感)、中棉所12(耐)、文-5(抗)和唐棉2号(抗)进行致病性测定,结果可将供试菌系分为落叶型与非落叶型2类。选取8对AFLP引物PCR扩增的结果中,统计带型稳定、清晰且有多态性的条带,共169条作系统聚类分析,将上述菌系分为2大类,第一类为非落叶型菌系,包括10个非落叶型菌系和1个过渡菌系;第二类为30个落叶型菌系。根据聚类分析建立树状图,发现菌系与地理来源存在一定的相关性,而依据菌系致病力强弱分类则相关关系不大。选用25对EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ引物组合,对供试的41个V.dahliae进行AFLP扩增,筛选到2对引物E64(GACTGCGTACCAATTCGAC)、M53(GATGAGTCCTGAGTAACCG)和E49(GACTGCGTACCAATTCCAG)、M65(GAT-GAGTCCTGAGTAAGAG),能分别扩增出433bp和110bp2条仅为V.dahliae非落叶型菌系独有的特异片段,可将落叶型与非落叶型菌系分开,这2条特异片段被命名为EM433和EM110。  相似文献   

15.
调查了甘肃省临洮县为害百合的地下害虫种类, 并以主要发生为害种类为供试对象, 采用拌土法测定了几种生物(源)农药对主要害虫的室内毒力和致死中时。调查发现小云斑鳃金龟Polyphylla gracilicornis、棕色鳃金龟Holotrichia titanis为主要发生及为害种类, 不同时间发生种类存在差异, 9月份以小云斑鳃金龟幼虫发生为害为主, 发生量占地下害虫总数的66.16%, 平均种群密度为10.48头/m2, 10月份, 则以棕色鳃金龟幼虫发生为主, 发生量占地下害虫总数的96.86%, 平均种群密度为7.79头/m2, 主要取食百合根系和鳞茎, 造成根系数量减少, 鳞茎出现不规则褐色缺口或凹陷斑。药剂筛选结果表明, 1.8%阿维菌素乳油、200亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌粉剂对两种蛴螬均具有较高的杀虫活性和速效性, 药后7 d时, 校正死亡率在82.22%以上, 对小云斑鳃金龟幼虫和棕色鳃金龟幼虫的LC50分别为0.161、0.060 mg/g和5.558×107、0.362×107孢子/g, LT50分别为2.237 d(2.2 mg/g)、1.393 d(2.2 mg/g)和6.645 d(40.0×107孢子/g)、4.940 d(2.0×107孢子/g), 这两种生物(源)农药对两种蛴螬的LC50和LT50值均略大于两种化学农药25%二嗪磷乳油、40%辛硫磷乳油处理的, 且对小云斑鳃金龟幼虫的杀虫活性均低于对棕色鳃金龟幼虫的杀虫活性, 致死中时则长于对棕色鳃金龟幼虫的致死中时。  相似文献   

16.
The mode of action of the 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazoline acaricide/insecticide etoxazole has been argued to be moulting inhibition, but experimental results supporting this hypothesis are lacking. This study investigated the effect of etoxazole on chitin biosynthesis in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Etoxazole induced moulting defects in fall armyworm larvae similar, if not identical, to those caused by benzoylphenylureas, a well-known class of insecticidal chitin biosynthesis inhibitors. Furthermore, in contrast to untreated larvae, the chitin content in the integuments of larvae several days after treatment did not differ from that in freshly ecdysed individuals, thus suggesting strong chitin biosynthesis inhibition in vivo. A more detailed investigation of the inhibitory potential by incubating cultured integument pieces from larvae of S. frugiperda with [14C]N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, a radiolabelled chitin precursor, revealed I50 values of 2.95 and 0.071 microM for etoxazole and triflumuron respectively. The incorporation of radiolabel into potassium hydroxide-resistant material was inhibited by etoxazole in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these results, it is concluded that the acaricidal and insecticidal mode of action of etoxazole is chitin biosynthesis inhibition.  相似文献   

17.
为了研究青稞种子外部和内部携带真菌情况,比较不同杀菌剂对青稞种子的带菌消毒效果和对幼苗生长的影响,为青稞种子播前包衣处理和种传真菌病害防控提供依据,采用离体平皿法对云南迪庆‘云青1号’、‘云青2号’和‘短白青稞’3个主栽品种进行带菌检测,并对种子进行拌种或浸种处理测定6种杀菌剂对种子消毒效果,分析杀菌剂对种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:供试青稞种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉(Penicilliumspp.)、镰刀菌(Fusariumspp.);种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为镰刀菌、核腔菌(Pyrenophoraspp.)、附球菌(Epicoccumspp.)、丝核菌(Rhizoctoniaspp.)、链格孢(Alternariaspp.)和木霉(Trichoderma spp.)。青稞不同品种的种子表面及内部携带的真菌种类差异较大。致病性测定表明,镰刀菌对种子萌发和幼苗生长影响最大,后期出现幼苗坏死现象。45%咪鲜胺EW、75%百菌清WP、50%福美双WP对青稞种子携带真菌均有显著抑制作用和消毒效果,50%福美双WP消毒效果最优,达100%;45%咪鲜胺EW、75%百菌清WP、50%福美双WP处理对青稞种子发芽和幼苗生长均无显著影响。  相似文献   

18.
以毒麦、田毒麦、多花黑麦草、多年生黑麦草、硬直黑麦草、高羊茅与狗牙根等禾本科的7种植物为材料,拟采用 DNA 测序、特异性位点比对、种间遗传距离测定、建立系统树等分析候选 DNA 条形码 psbA-trnH 鉴别黑麦草属常见植物的能力。实验结果表明,以 psbA-trnH 为 DNA 条形码时,建立的系统发育树能较好区分毒麦和田毒麦与其他几种植物。psbA-trnH 序列可以作为黑麦草属植物的潜在条形码。  相似文献   

19.
The variability of dormancy of sclerotia of ten isolates ofSclerotium cepivorum was investigated. Of all isolates tested, the freshly harvested sclerotia were dormant. After drying for 48 hours the sclerotia of six isolates were able to germinate, two isolates stayed dormant and two isolates were infested by hyperparasitic fungi. After storage in soil at 5°C or 20°C, the sclerotia of the different isolates exhibited considerable differences in respect to germination capability, but all isolates showed highest germination after a treatment of 8 weeks at 20°C followed by 8 weeks at 5°C. The sclerotia of all isolates showed an increased capacity to germinate withoutAllium extracts at 10°C after pretreatment at 30°C for 28 days.  相似文献   

20.
The allelopathic potential of buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum ) was investigated. Field study showed that living buckwheat reduced weed biomass compared with plots without buckwheat. Laboratory study revealed that root exudates suppressed root and shoot growth of weeds and reduced weed dry weight. Sequential partitioning of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of buckwheat showed that the chloroform extract caused an 80% reduction in radicle elongation of lettuce seedlings at a concentration of less than 100 p.p.m. Fagomine, 4-piperidone and 2-piperidinemethanol were isolated and identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance from the chloroform extract. These compounds caused a 50% inhibition of radicle elongation in lettuce seedlings at concentrations of less than 100 p.p.m. These results suggest that compounds 1, 2, and 3 might act as allelochemicals and affect the growth or germination of different plant species.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号