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1.
无定形硅藻土对4种储粮害虫的防治作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
环境和人类健康问题与合成杀虫剂的使用有关 ,因而迫切要求使用无污染的、生物特效杀虫剂。有关专家对硅藻土防治储藏物害虫进行了试验。将ＦｏｓｓｉｌＳｈｉｅｌｄ(一种硅藻土产品 ,粒度为 5～ 30 μｍ ,含 73%无定形二氧化硅 ,3%气溶胶和其它材料 )施放于木板上 ,可致死大黄粉虫和杂拟谷盗成虫 ,而对印度谷螟幼虫无效。将甲虫暴露在剂量 2和 4ｇ/ｍ2 的ＦｏｓｓｉｌＳｈｉｅｌｄ及无食物的条件下 ,甲虫 1 4天内死亡 ,而在喂食米糠的条件下死亡率下降。ＦｏｓｓｉｌＳｈｉｅｌｄ可致死印度谷螟 1龄幼虫 ,而不能致死较成熟的幼虫。 2周龄的… 相似文献
2.
不同产地硅藻土对储粮害虫的杀虫效果评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
比较研究了不同产地硅藻土对主要储粮害虫(玉米象、谷蠹、锯谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗)的杀虫效果.结果表明,1号硅藻土(产于浙江省嵊州市)对玉米象、锈赤扁谷盗、谷蠢、锯谷盗均有显著的毒杀效果,处理后5 d,杀虫效果可达100%,与对照硅藻土(普粮泰)无明显差异;2号硅藻土(产于吉林省长白县)除对玉米象无明显毒杀作用外,对其它三种害虫的杀虫效果在96%左右.实验说明不同产地的硅藻土对储粮害虫的杀虫效果有明显差异. 相似文献
3.
不同湿度下硅藻土对嗜虫书虱成虫的致死效果 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：8
本文介绍了在 2 5± 1℃条件下 ,不同湿度 (5 5 %、60 %、65 %、70 %和 75 %RH)对硅藻土杀虫剂Protect-ItTM不同处理剂量 (0 .1、0 .3、0 .7、1.0、3.0和 5 .0g/m2 )致死嗜虫书虱成虫效果的影响。结果表明 ,处理 7～ 14天 ,嗜虫书虱成虫的死亡率随着Protect-ItTM环境相对湿度的减少、施用剂量的增加和处理时间的延长而增加 ,分别在 4～ 14天达到 10 0 %死亡率。因此 ,Protect -ItTM用于粮仓的空仓处理、实仓的空间结构处理和粮堆表层或底层处理时 ,对嗜虫书虱有较好的防治作用。 相似文献
4.
5.
新型储粮保护剂硅藻土对2种重要储粮害虫的防治效果初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索硅藻土防治储粮害虫的经济有效剂量、防治方法和条件等,本方设计了不同温度和湿度组合,不同的硅藻土剂量分别对生活在小麦和稻谷中的谷蠹和长角扁谷盗的毒力试验,结果表明:在相同的条件下(1)硅藻土对小麦的防护优于对稻谷的防护。(2)在25℃时对谷蠹的防效高于30℃的防效,对长角扁谷盗则相反。(3)硅藻土的防治效果随着相对湿度的降低而提高。(4)长角扁谷盗对硅藻土的敏感度是谷蠹的5￣6倍。在应用时从经济、有效的原则考虑,建议防治以谷蠹为主要害虫的储粮时以400mg/kg的剂量,防治长角扁谷盗时则以70mg/kg即可。 相似文献
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7.
采用药膜法和混粮法通过苦皮藤素和硅藻土两种新型储粮药剂对常见5种储粮害虫赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)、玉米象Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky、谷蠹Rhizopertha dominica(Fab.)、嗜虫书虱Liposcelis entomophila(Enderlein)和嗜卷书虱Lisposcelis bostrychophila Bodonnel进行药效效果评价。试验结果表明:苦皮藤素和硅藻土对以上5种储粮害虫均有不同程度的抑制作用,苦皮藤素对嗜虫书虱Liposcelis entomophila(Enderlein)防治效果优于硅藻土。 相似文献
8.
两种重要储粮害虫的无公害防治技术研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
通过３种虫生真菌、2种苏云金杆菌粉剂(Bt-1和Bt-2)及48%乐斯本乳油对生活在小麦中的谷蠹、长角扁谷盗进行毒力试验,结果表明：Bt-1粉剂对两种储粮害虫具有较高的毒力,对谷蠹LD50为15.75ug/g,对长角扁谷盗LD50为8.06ug/g;三种虫生真菌对这两种害虫侵染力较弱,最高校正死亡率仅为55.0%。48%乐斯本乳油对两种储粮害虫的熏蒸效果较好,在0.80ml/L浓度下,谷蠹、长角扁谷盗死亡率均达到100.0%。 相似文献
9.
研究了储粮防护剂硅藻土、惰性粉和植物源杀虫剂苦皮藤素在高大平房仓实仓防虫应用效果。结果表明:硅藻土、惰性粉和苦皮藤素能在较长的一段时间对粮堆内的玉米象Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky和赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)的发生进行有效防治,延迟害虫的发生时间和密度,防治效果顺序是:惰性粉>硅藻土>苦皮藤素,同时对仓内平均粮温及粮食品质等无影响,基本达到防治储粮害虫的要求,实现一定的经济效益,可以在部分条件下取代目前使用的化学防护剂。 相似文献
10.
一种新型惰性粉杀虫剂对几种储粮害虫杀虫效果的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究了一种以硼酸钠为主要成分的新型惰性粉杀虫剂对米象、谷蠹、锯谷盗、赤拟谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗和小眼书虱的触杀、胃毒、种群抑制作用。研究表明该药剂对米象、谷蠹、锯谷盗、赤拟谷盗和锈赤扁谷盗均具有一定的触杀作用,对小眼书虱触杀效果极为显著,当剂量为4g／m^2时,第3天小眼书虱就全部死亡。该药剂对米象的胃毒效果最强,在剂量为4g／kg时死亡率达到100％;对谷蠹、锯谷盗和赤拟谷盗具有较好的胃毒杀虫效果。在剂量4g／kg时对锯谷盗种群抑制率达到100％,对米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗的种群也有较强的抑制作用。以上结果说明了该杀虫剂具有作为一种储粮保护剂的开发潜力。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献