共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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在“珍珠贝育种规划（Pearl Oyster Breeding scheme,POBs）”中,马氏珠母贝的两个地理种群——印度养殖种群和三亚野生种群正在作为两个基础群（Basic population）建立专门化品系,通过杂交获得杂种优势,构建杂交配套系以培育优良品种。从形态上看,印度养殖种群体个体大,而三亚野生种群体个体小;三亚野生种群的壳宽系数为0．18,大于印度养殖种群的0．15,三亚野生种群的贝体外形较凸,而印度养殖种群的贝体外形扁平。三亚野生种群的壳重指数（25．30）大于印度养殖群体（18．80）。通过成像色度检测分析系统分析,每个种群都有自己的颜色特征值——三刺激值和颜色参数;比较两个种群颜色参数Lab时表明,三亚野生种群贝壳珍珠质颜色的明度（L）大于印度养殖种群,色品比印度养殖种群更偏向绿色（-a）和黄色（b）,印度养殖种群色品偏向蓝色和红色。两个种群间贝壳珍珠质的色差（△XEab）为10．69,属于大色差,感觉强烈。 相似文献
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为探讨不同环境对珍珠质颜色的影响,本研究将遗传背景相同的马氏珠母贝分布于海南黎安、广东流沙、广西北海和广西防城4个不同的海区养殖.一年后,用CSE-1型成像色度仪测量4个区域贝壳珍珠质的颜色,记录相应的颜色参数Lab值.结果显示,不同海域养殖的贝壳珍珠质颜色显示了不同的特征,其中广西北海、广西防城和海南黎安这3组贝壳珍珠质颜色较为接近,均表现为明度高、偏黄绿;而广东流沙与这3个地区的色差较大,表现为明度低、黄绿杂色浅、偏白色的特征. 相似文献
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三角帆蚌F5壳色及生长性状选育效果评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以选育系紫色三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)F_4和非选育系三角帆蚌为亲本建立后代家系群体,比较选育组与对照组贝壳珍珠质颜色和生长性状,以评价F5贝壳珍珠质层颜色与生长性能选育效果。结果显示,选育组明度L*、饱和度C*、色差值d E*与对照组差异极显著(P0.01),选育组明度L*比对照组低17.13%,饱和度C*高于对照组20.55%,色差值d E*高于对照组22.56%,表明选育组贝壳珍珠质层颜色较对照组颜色更深,色彩更丰富。选育组左右两侧贝壳珍珠质层颜色参数–L*、d E*从前端至后端逐渐增大,表明贝壳珍珠质层颜色逐渐加深,对照组前端至后端变化规律与其不同。选育组与对照组左右贝壳相同位置处,贝壳珍珠质层颜色参数均无显著性差异(P0.05)。选育组各生长性状均显著高于对照组(P0.05),壳长、壳高、壳宽、体重分别高于对照组12.30%、9.95%、8.60%、36.34%。对贝壳珍珠质层颜色参数与生长指标综合评定值联合分析发现,B2、B4、B5、B6、B3家系最优,贝壳珍珠质层颜色深,并具有较强生长优势,可用于进一步选育与推广。通过对贝壳珍珠质层颜色和生长性状相关性分析发现,选育组内壳珍珠质层各颜色参数与生长性状之间相关系数较低,相关程度极弱,无法通过生长性状间接选择贝壳珍珠质颜色。 相似文献
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XLP涂料对合浦珠母贝成活率、生长及附着生物量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了XLP防污涂料对合浦珠母贝Pinctada fucata成活率、生长及附着生物量的影响。经XLP防污涂料处理后的贝，其附着生物量明显低于对照组；经防污涂料处理后的养殖网笼具，其附着生物量也明显低于对照组；贝和养殖网笼具同时用XLP防污涂料处理时，防生物附着的效果最好。经XLP防污涂料处理后，处理前期（30～60d）合浦珠母贝养殖成活率与对照组的成活率接近，或者略低于对照组；养殖120d后试验组成活率则高于对照组。使用XLP防污涂料处理后养殖120d，合浦珠母贝的个体大小及体重高于对照组。试验结果表明，使用XLP防污涂料能有效防御污损生物附着，有利于合浦珠母贝的养殖。 相似文献
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合浦珠母贝不同壳色选育系F6数量性状的相关性和通径分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为深入了解不同壳色合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)形态性状与体重间的关系,为亲贝的选择提供策略,本研究使用合浦珠母贝传统壳色、金壳色、白壳色、红壳色和黑壳色5种壳色选育系F6各1000只个体的性状数据进行通径分析和聚类分析。测量的性状包括壳长(SL,mm)、壳高(SH,mm)、壳宽(SW,mm)、绞合线长(HL,mm)和体重(BW,g)。结果显示,5种壳色合浦珠母贝所有形态性状与体重间的相关系数均达到极显著(P0.01)。通径分析表明,壳长对传统壳色和白壳色贝体重的直接影响最大,壳高对金壳色和红壳色贝体重的直接影响最大,壳宽对黑壳色贝体重的直接影响最大。利用多元回归方法构建不同壳色合浦珠母贝形态性状与体重(BW,g)间的回归方程,其中传统壳色:BW=-24.999+0.467SL+0.387SH-0.259SW+0.244HL;金壳色:BW=-38.661+0.305SL+0.477SH+0.242SW+0.375HL;白壳色:BW=-4.130+0.332SL+0.300SH-0.307SW+0.088HL;红壳色:BW=-27.307+0.327SL+0.321SH+0.252SW+0.305HL;黑壳色:BW=-40.921+0.278SL+0.335SH+1.076SW+0.269HL。聚类分析显示,传统壳色与金壳色形态特征相近,而白壳色、红壳色和黑壳色形态特征相近。 相似文献
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Donor effect on cultured pearl nacre development and shell matrix gene expression in Pinctada margaritifera reared in different field sites 
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下载免费PDF全文 Chin‐Long Ky Floriane Broustal Manaarii Sham Koua Virgile Quillien Benoît Beliaeff 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(5):1934-1943
Understanding the respective roles played by donor and recipient pearl oysters in pearl quality determination in relation to the environment is a challenge for the pearl industry. In most Pinctada species, pearl size is mainly related to recipient oyster growth performance but also relies to some extent on the biomineralisation activity of the pearl sac, a tissue that originates from the donor oyster mantle. We examined donor effect on pearl size in response to culture in the lagoons on Arutua and Apataki atolls. Overall, nacre weight and thickness were greater in Arutua than in Apataki, but sensitivity to the environment differed between donors. Some donors were associated with significantly heavier and thicker nacre in Arutua (I group), while others had similar results at the two sites (NI group). On average, up to 20% of the pearl size could be attributed to the donor but, in group I, donor effect was responsible for up to 36% of nacre weight determination. Additionally, a real‐time PCR expression study of eight matrix protein genes related to biomineralisation in the pearl sac showed that MSI60, pearlin and pif177 were significantly and positively correlated with nacre weight and thickness, with the latter two genes explaining the larger pearl size observed in Arutua. Donor oysters in P. margaritifera therefore play a key role in pearl size improvement, related to the role of the shell matrix protein genes. Understanding such contributions could help in the design of genetic selection plans for specific and adapted donor oyster lines. 相似文献
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Gu Zhifeng Huang Fengshao Wang Hai Gan Kai Zhan Xin Shi Yaohua Wang Aiming 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(7):1126-1132
Cultured free round pearls are produced by implanting a spherical nucleus with a small piece of nacre‐secreting mantle graft from a donor oyster into the gonad of a recipient oyster (host). To examine the possible contribution of host and donor oysters to the colouration of the harvested pearls, the CSE‐1 Imaging and Color‐Measuring System were used to quantitatively measure the L*a*b* values of donor and host shells and the produced pearls in Pinctada martensii. Results showed that the colour of pearls had significant positive correlation (r = 0.1–0.22, P = 0.00) with that of donors, but had no correlation with that of host oysters, thus convincingly confirmed the contribution of nacre colour of donor to the realization of pearl quality of colour. To further clarify the relationship between the donor and the pearl colour, the donors from pearls of good and poor colour quality were further compared and the results demonstrated the significant difference in L* values (P < 0.05) and insignificant difference in a* and b* values, suggesting the necessity of selecting donors with bright and lustrous nacre in pearl production. 相似文献
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Phenotypic indicators for cultured pearl size improvement in the black‐lipped pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera): towards selection for the recipient growth performance 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The black‐lipped pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera, is the most important farmed species in French Polynesia and the basis of the most valuable export industry. Mass production of black pearls relies on a surgical operation requiring tissue from a donor pearl oyster to be grafted, together with a nucleus made of shell, into the gonad of a recipient oyster. Improving pearl size through family selection remains one of the main challenges for future aquaculture development. This study analyses the relative contribution of donor and recipient oysters to pearl size. To this end, hatchery‐produced donor oysters of two batches, large and small (based on shell height), were used to supply grafts for recipients, which were then monitored individually for their growth performance by recording shell height, width, and thickness, and total live weight (flesh + shells) every 6 months (four biometric measurement times) over 20 months of culture. Pearls issued from the two batches of donors showed no significant differences in nacre weight or thickness. In contrast, recipient oyster shell height and total weight were increasingly positively correlated with these pearl size parameters over the culture period, becoming significant at 8 months post‐grafting. Potential therefore exists to use shell height and oyster weight as phenotypic indicators for selective breeding of recipient oysters with high growth performance to increase pearl size in P. margaritifera. 相似文献
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Ziman Wang Linda Adzigbli Zhe Zheng Chuangye Yang Yuewen Deng 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(10):3925-3934
Round nucleated pearls are produced through a surgical operation, where a round nucleus and a mantle tissue ‘saibo’ from donor oyster are inserted into the gonad of the host oyster. The epithelial cells in the mantle tissue proliferate around the nucleus, and thus, the pearl sac is formed. Pearl sac secrets nacre and forms a pearl. The quality and economic value of pearls are assessed by pearl features such as colour, brightness, lustre and shape. Among all these features, colour has been reported as an important economic indicator and has been widely studied by researchers. Generally, pearl colour is affected by the donor oyster which is determined genetically and biological pigments (melanin and carotenoid). Organic matrices, metal ions and other factors have also been reported to influence the colour of a cultured pearl. Recently, multi‐omics methods have been used to study the colour formation of pearl, and some key genes and signal pathways related to the colour formation of pearls have been identified. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism of pearl formation needs further research. The review combines both fresh and sea water pearls focusing on Hyriopsis cumingii and pearl oysters to provide a general overview and understanding for pearl colour formation. 相似文献
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在海南省陵水黎族自治县黎安港选择1.5龄企鹅珍珠贝插核培育游离海水珍珠,20个月后收获优质游离珍珠43颗。全部43颗珍珠的聚类分析结果显示,它们共聚为3个类群,类群彼此间珍珠的直径、珠层厚度、重量以及与金珠的色差均存在显著差异;第1类和第2类群珍珠的明度L值、黄蓝特征b值以及与白珠的色差相似,而且均与第3类珍珠之间存在显著差异;第1类和第3类珍珠的红绿特征a值相似,而且均与第2类珍珠之间存在显著差异。相关分析结果显示,珍珠颜色的L值与珍珠的直径、珍珠质层厚度以及珍珠的重量之间均存在极显著的负相关关系,相关系数分别为-0.567、-0.617和-0.523;a值和b值均与珍珠的直径、珍珠质层厚度以及珍珠的重量之间没有显著的相关性。珍珠的直径、珍珠质层厚度、珍珠的重量与白珠色差以及金珠色差之间都有极显著的正相关关系。 相似文献
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流沙湾养殖华贵栉孔扇贝体色多态性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对雷州半岛西部流沙湾养殖的华贵栉孔扇贝（Chlamys nobilis）群体进行了体色多态性研究。结果显示,在调查的10个苗种来源不同、总抽样数量为5 954个个体的养殖群体中,壳色可分为6类,分别是橘黄色（62.31%）、枣褐色（14.51%）、紫白色（12.46%）、橘黄间紫色（6.43%）、紫顶枣褐色（3.46%）和黄顶紫黄色（0.82%）;6类壳色群体的闭壳肌颜色均存在白、黄2色,且白色比例均显著高于黄色,其中黄色闭壳肌比例最高的是橘黄色（18.79%）;华贵栉孔扇贝成熟的生殖腺颜色分为黄、乳白2色,分别代表雌性和雄性,性比与闭壳肌颜色相关。研究表明,华贵栉孔扇贝壳色以橘黄色为主（P〈0.05）,闭壳肌颜色以白色为主（P〈0.05）;壳色与闭壳肌颜色存在一定的相关性,带“黄”壳色个体黄色闭壳肌比例较高（P〈0.05）;黄色闭壳肌群体雌性比例显著高于雄性（P〈0.01）。 相似文献
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转录组测序研究三角帆蚌珍珠颜色相关基因 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为筛选影响三角帆蚌珍珠颜色的候选基因,采用转录组测序平台Illumina Hi Seq TM2500对蚌壳珍珠层颜色为紫色和白色的三角帆蚌中央膜组织进行高通量测序。所得序列经质控、组装后比对到NR、Swiss-Prot、COG、KOG、KEGG、GO和Pfam数据库中注释,并进行差异基因聚类分析。结果显示,获得干净数据共72 800 581 bp,拼接获得了89 529个Unigene,差异表达基因2644个,其中上调表达基因1323个,下调表达基因1321个。根据GO功能分类可分为分子功能、细胞组分、生物过程等3大类50分支;根据KEGG代谢通路分析可以分为187类。对差异表达基因分析发现,部分基因与色素合成(眼黄素、黑色素、喋啶色素)及金属离子转运相关,还有6个细胞色素P450,3个细胞色素b561和1个细胞色素b560。研究表明,这些基因可能在珍珠颜色形成中发挥作用。 相似文献
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Age‐dependence of cultured pearl grade and colour in the black‐lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Pinctada margaritifera is an economically important marine bivalve species for cultured pearl production in French Polynesian aquaculture. In order to evaluate the influence of donor oyster age on pearl quality traits, experiments were conducted over 6 years using both grafts and surgreffe operations. At harvest, six pearl quality traits were recorded and compared: surface defects, lustre, grade, darkness level and visual colour. Analysing the quality traits of pearls harvested in the initial graft process and those of pearls obtained from surgreffe experiments allowed a comparison of the influence of pearl sac cells originating from the initial mantle graft, which aged together with their recipient oysters. The results demonstrated a significant decrease between these successive grafts in lustre, grade (A‐B‐C), darkness level, and green colour – traits that are of major importance in the pearl market. The duplicated graft experiment allowed the comparison of donor oyster families at 2 and 5 years old, where a mantle graft was inserted into recipient oysters aged 2.5 years. The results showed the same tendencies to a lesser extent, with (i) an improved pearl grade, predominantly through a most important rate of 0 surface defect category, and (ii) a green/grey ratio in favour of the younger donor. A comparison between the graft‐surgreffe and the duplicated graft experiments also highlighted: (i) the indirect role played by the younger recipient oysters, which must be optimized for optimal pearl quality realization, and (ii) the complex interplay between the donor and recipient oysters. 相似文献