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1.
花粉特异性核糖核酸酶基因诱导籼稻特性不育及其遗传研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以水稻愈伤组织和悬浮细胞系作为基因枪转化的外植体，把水稻花粉特异性基因ＰＳ１启动子与ｂａｒｎａｓｅ构成的嵌合基因导入籼稻，获得籼稻五个品种Ｂａｓｍａｔｉ－１，青油占，胜优２号，明恢复６３，新山占２９的转基因植株。试验以两个质粒ＰＳ１－ｂａｒｎａｓｅ和ｐＩＬＴＡＢ２２７共转化的方法，以潮霉素Ｂ作为筛选因子，选择抗性愈伤及再生植株。 相似文献
2.
黄瓜授粉后外源基因直接导入技术研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以黄瓜（Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓ ｓａｔｉｖｕｓ Ｌ．）栽培品种津研四号为受体,以质粒ｐＢＩ１２１为供体进行授粉后外源ＤＮＡ直接导入技术的研究,建立起高效的黄瓜子房注射转化系统,获得了不同的转基因植株。试验表明,子房注射法的坐果率和结种率最低,但其转化率最高;黄瓜授粉后１２ｈ注入外源基因的转化率最高;外源ＤＮＡ溶液的浓度、ｐＨ值及ＤＮＡ溶液注射体积是影响黄瓜坐果结实及基因转化率的重要因素。ＧＵＳ组织化学染色结果以及Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ印迹杂交表明,标记基因ＮＰＴⅡ和ＧＵＳ基因均转化到黄瓜植株中。 相似文献
3.
甘薯和Ipomoea lacunosa的种间体细胞杂种植株再生及鉴定 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
用ＰＥＧ融合法融合甘薯品种高系１４号和近缘野生种Ｉｐｏｍｏｅａ ｌａｃｕｎｏｓａ的原生质体，将融合原生质体培养在含有０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＫＴ的ＭＳ培养基上，愈伤组织迅速增殖。将其中的７０个愈伤组织培养在添加３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡＰ的ＭＳ培养基上，并进一步培养在ＭＳ基本培养基上，获得９株再生植株。过氧化物酶同工酶、酯酶同工酶和ＲＡＰＤ分析表明，其中２株再生植株（ＫＬ１和ＫＬ３） 相似文献
4.
5.
棉花遗传转化和植株再生的研究 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
利用农杆菌（ＧＵＳ基因（β－葡萄糖苷酸酶基因）为标记基因，ＮＰＴⅡ为选择基因）用共培法对棉花下胚轴切段直接转化，在０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ和０．１ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ的ＭＳ的培养基上共培４８ｈ，转移到加头孢霉素５００ｍｇ／Ｌ和５０～１００ｍｇ／Ｌ卡那霉素的上述培养基中诱导和筛选抗性愈伤组织，７０～８０天计算愈伤组织的诱导频率，并有组织化学定位法检测ＧＵＳ基因的表达，统计转化频率，结果表明：平均出愈率为４０ 相似文献
6.
紫外光B辐射增强对小白菜膜脂质过氧化作用的影响 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
小白菜品种矮脚黄生长在光照培养室内,在以０．０、１３．０ｋＪｍ＾－２ｄ＾－１（模拟氧浓度下降２０％时的ＵＶ－Ｂ强度）的紫外光Ｂ（ＵＶ－Ｂ２８０－３２０ｎｍ）进行４ｄ与７ｄ的照射处理,研究ＵＶ－Ｂ对小白菜叶片内的类黄酮和膜脂质过氧化作用的影响。研究结果表明,ＵＶ－Ｂ辐射诱导了小白菜叶内吸收ＵＶ的类黄酮化合物的积累。同时ＵＶ－Ｂ辐射降低小白菜叶片内抗坏血酸的含量,１３．０ｋＪｍ＾－２ｄ＾－１的ＵＶ－Ｂ 相似文献
7.
改良CTAB法快速提取棉花DNA 总被引：74，自引：43，他引：74
针对棉花（Ｇｏｓｓｐｉｕｍ）富含棉酚、多糖等其它次生干扰物质这一特点而设计的一种快速分离和纯化棉花总ＤＮＡ（ｇＤＮＡ）的方法。该方法是对ＣＴＡＢ（ｃｅｔｙｌｔｒｉｍｅｔｈｙｌａｍｍｏｎｉｕｍｂｒｏｍｉｄｅ）法的改良，它在ＣＴＡＢ法的基础上，首先用ＤＩＥＣＡ（ｄｉｅｔｈｙｌｄｉｔｈｉｏｃａｒｂａｍｉｃａｃｉｄ）抑制酚氧化酶的活性，然后用活性炭和ＰＶＰ４０（ｐｏｌｙｖｉｎｙｌｐｙｒｒｏｌｉｄｏｎｅ）排除棉酚等其它次生干扰物质。试验证明，该方法比较简便、快速、经济、有效，得到的ｇＤＮＡ完全可以满足ＰＣＲ等分子生物学分析。 相似文献
8.
６Ｘ小黑麦品种Ｖｅｎｕｓ和２个普通小麦品种杂交回交,选育出ＮＲ９８４９等８个系群９４个系,其中大部份抗条锈病或（和）白粉病。应用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电脉（ＡＰＡＧＥ）分析了ＮＲ９８４９等系群的６４个株及其亲本Ｖｅｎｕｓ、小偃６号和川育１２号的醇溶蛋白,结果表明,５０．００％的株系具有１ＲＳ／１ＢＬ所特有的Ｇ１ｄ１Ｂ３位点,２０．３１％的株系在Ｇｌｉ－２位点发生了普通小麦与６Ｘ小黑麦遗传物质重组;６４个株系中出现了１种亲本类型,３种重组类型和３种突变重组类型,突变率１５．６２％。ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）指出,大多数株系Ｇｌｕ－１位点与普通小麦亲本相同,即由Ｇｌｕ－Ａ１编码的亚基１,Ｇｌｕ－Ｂ１编码的亚基７＋８、１４＋１５,Ｇｌｕ－Ｄ１编码的亚基５＋１０、２＋１２。文中还讨论了６Ｘ小黑麦向普通小 相似文献
9.
芝麻人工构建雄性不育基因的转化研究初报 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
用基因枪将人工构建的植物雄性不育基因ＴＡ２９－Ｂａｒｎａｓｅ及其标记基因ｂａｒ导入芝麻豫芝４号的离体子叶，在ＭＳ＋５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１６－ＢＡ＋１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１ＩＡＡ＋１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１ＡＢＡ＋５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１ＡｇＮＯ３的培养基上交培养１２天，转入光、暗光替培养，诱导出不定芽。经添加２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１除草剂（ＢＡＳＴＡ）的上述培养基筛选，获得了１１个ＢＡＳＴＡ抗性株系，对其中３个株系进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交鉴定分析，证实其中２个为转基因株系，转化率为１．４６％ 相似文献
10.
利用酵母双杂合体系统,检测与植物线状病毒组中热休克蛋白ＨＳＰ７０相结合的其它相关的ＢＹＶ蛋白。在体外构建两种编码融合蛋白的酵母表达质粒：一组为将编码转录激活区域的基因与ＨＳＰ７０ｒ基因融合并克隆到ｐＡＣＴ质粒中,它编码转录激活区域与ＨＳＰ７０蛋白的融合蛋白;另一组为将编码ＤＮＡ结合区域的基因分别与甜菜黄化病毒基因组其它７个基因融合并克隆到ｐＡＳ质粒中,分别编码７个融合蛋白。经两质粒共转化酵母细胞后 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
19.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
20.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献