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为明确高原鼢鼠在时间和空间小尺度上的扩散特征,本研究自2014-2015年在祁连山东段选择3处不同种群密度的高原鼢鼠（Myospalax baileyi）连续分布区,采用标志重捕、无线电追踪以及分子生物学方法,研究高原鼢鼠扩散与种群密度的关系、扩散性别及其扩散时间。结果表明：高原鼢鼠在不同种群密度下均发生扩散,高密度区扩散个体比例相对较高;高原鼢鼠雄性重捕率（5.9%）低于雌性（16.9%）,雄性失联率（58.3%）高于雌性（28.0%）,并且雌、雄个体平均分配指数分别为1.086±0.385和-1.390±0.786,表明高原鼢鼠存在偏雄性扩散;2015年6-10月高原鼢鼠个体消失率（0.500）高于2014年10月至2015年5月（0.367）以及2015年5-6月的个体消失率（0.286）,2015年6-9月高原鼢鼠重捕率从40.0%下降至0%,失联个体比例从52.6%上升至85.7%,表明高原鼢鼠可能在6-9月进行扩散。 相似文献
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1992年5月,鼢鼠繁殖季节,在甘肃漳县金钟乡3种生境捕捉雌鼢鼠18只,剖检后,发现10只雌鼠阴道与双子宫交换处有肉瘤状异物,占全部雌鼠的55.5％。根据肉瘤形态及剖检特征确定为寄生虫包囊和纤维瘤。它能抑制鼢鼠种群的妊娠率(仅33.3％)、胎仔数(x=2),进而限制鼢鼠种群数量。初步分析其自然调节机理为:鼢鼠种群密度大,个体接触机会增加,易造成寄生虫传播。寄生虫侵入阴道后,抑制了鼢鼠繁殖,使种群密度下降,以至达到较低的水平。寄生虫及其生活史有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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本文介绍了对C型肉毒梭茵毒素稳定性的测定结果。结果为:稀释后的毒素对温度十分敏感,在5℃保存24小时,毒力开始下降.后随温度上升,毒力大幅度下降,但阳光照射与否,对毒素毒力影响不大。因此,我省用毒饵法在当年10月到翌年4月杀灭高原鼠免,在4—5月杀灭高原鼢鼠,能保证杀鼠效力。 相似文献
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<正>12014年4月至5月上旬养猪行情概述2014年4月至5月上旬,全国仔猪价格总体上呈现涨跌互相态势,5月上旬出现较大幅度上扬,从4月底的22.80元/kg上扬到本统计结束时的25.21元/kg,上扬幅度为10.57%。如图2所示,本统计期内4月份全国生猪价格持续低迷,5月上旬突现大幅反弹,由4月末的10.76元/kg上扬至12.99元/kg,上扬幅度为20.72%。相较与去年同期的较为平稳的生猪价格走势,此次反弹除季节性因素外,宏观调控作用凸显。 相似文献
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1 2009年第二季度蛋鸡形势回顾 1.1 鸡蛋价格据统计,2009年第二季度鸡蛋全省平均价格为6.41元/kg,同比增长4%,环比增长12%.其中,4月份和5月份保持较高价格,6月份鸡蛋价格开始回落,至6月底鸡蛋价格降到4.8元/kg. 相似文献
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1 形势分析 1.1 仔行情 2008年4月份,全国各地仔猪价格均呈回落态势,但下跌幅度不大.到4月底,全国平均价格约45.59元/kg左右.5月份,仔猪市场仍不太景气,价格继续走跌,尤其是"五一"小黄金周期间,全国平均价格由44.60元/kg下降至40.62元/kg,降幅为8.92%. 相似文献
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2014、2015和2016年春季鹤类迁徙期,在图牧吉保护区采用以定点观测为主,结合路线统计的方法用望远镜对保护区内的鹤类进行了观察统计,结果表明:图牧吉保护区春季灰鹤(Grus grus)在3月中下旬至4月初开始迁来,5月初至5月中旬离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(46. 00±7. 94) d。白鹤(Grus leucogeranus) 3月末至4月初开始陆续迁来,4月中下旬迁离保护区,种群平均停留时长为(23. 33±2. 08) d。白头鹤(Grus monacha) 3月末至4月初到达图牧吉保护区,4月下旬至5月中旬陆续离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(36. 00±7. 94) d。白枕鹤(Grus vipio)在3月末至4月初到达图牧吉保护区,4月下旬至5月中旬离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(30. 00±6. 56) d。丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)到达图牧吉保护区的时间为3月末至4月初,4月中旬离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(14. 00±5. 66) d。保护区内的鹤主要分布在图牧吉泡子和三道泡子,偶尔会在农田发现灰鹤、白鹤和白头鹤。结合往年保护区内自然和人为因素的影响,对每年保护区内5种鹤类停歇期种群数量变化进行了一些分析讨论。最后针对保护区内存在一些保护不当问题,给保护区提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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通过对高原鼢鼠 (Myospalaxbaileyi)密度与青稞鼠害株率关系的研究 ,确定出其回归公式为 :Y =15 0132X— 0 34 81,并测定出青海湟中县青稞种植区高原鼢鼠防治指标 ,为 :青稞受害株率 1 34 % ,鼢鼠密度 1 65只 /hm2 ( 0 .11只 /亩 )。 相似文献
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二、罗氏沼虾苗的培育 1.放苗季节。罗氏沼虾是热带性虾类,喜暖怕冷,要求生活在水温较高的环境,一般以水温稳定在18℃以上时放养为好。在广东、广西沿海地区,每年3月底至4月初就可放养罗氏沼虾苗。而在北回归线以南的内陆地区,则要4月中旬才开始放养虾苗。长江中下游地区,至5月中旬以后水温才能稳定 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献